1、Unit 6 The PearlJohn Steinbeck About the author: John Ernst Steinbeck, Jr.(February 27, 1902 December 20, 1968) was an American writer. He is widely known for thePulitzer Prize-winning novelThe Grapes of Wrath(1939),East of Eden(1952) and the novella Of Mice and Men(1937). As the author of twenty-se

2、ven books, including sixteen novels, six non-fiction books, and five collections of short stories, Steinbeck received theNobel Prize for Literaturein 1962. 約翰斯坦貝克美國(guó)作家。生于加利福尼亞州的一個(gè)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭。小時(shí)生活在小鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)村和牧場(chǎng)，很早接觸歐洲古典文學(xué)作品。1919年入斯坦福大學(xué)攻讀大學(xué)。期間，當(dāng)過(guò)牧場(chǎng)農(nóng)工和修路隊(duì)的運(yùn)輸工。他熟悉社會(huì)底層的人們，許多作品都以他們?yōu)橹魅斯憩F(xiàn)了底層人的善良、質(zhì)樸的品格，創(chuàng)造了“斯坦貝克式的英雄”形

3、象。 創(chuàng)作大致可以分為三個(gè)時(shí)期。第一個(gè)時(shí)期是30年代前后，憤怒的葡萄（1939）為代表。后者是20世紀(jì)美國(guó)文學(xué)的經(jīng)典。該作品曾獲普利策獎(jiǎng)。40年代是他創(chuàng)作的第二個(gè)時(shí)期。主要作品月亮下去了珍珠（1947）以頌揚(yáng)開(kāi)朗樂(lè)觀的生活方式來(lái)比襯貶社會(huì)中的傾軋和狹隘的現(xiàn)象，探討金錢(qián)、文明和人性的關(guān)系。50年代初寫(xiě)出了兩部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)伊甸園以東（1952）和煩惱的冬天（1961）。他認(rèn)為：“戰(zhàn)后的美國(guó)社會(huì)是富有了，但產(chǎn)生了一種厭倦情緒、一種消耗性的病態(tài)。”斯坦貝克由于他“通過(guò)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的、富于想象的創(chuàng)作，表現(xiàn)出富于同情的幽默和對(duì)社會(huì)的敏感的觀察”，1962年獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。 The Pearlis anovell

4、aby American authorJohn Steinbeck, published in 1947. It is the story of apearl diver, Kino, and explores mans nature as well as greed and evil. Steinbecks inspiration was a Mexican folk tale, which he had heard in a visit to the formerly pearl-rich region in 1940.In 1947, it was adapted into a Mexi

5、can film. The story is one of Steinbecks most popular books and has been widely used in high school classes. New words and phrases:Part C scorpion colonial/colony dart foam nervous/ nerve plaster stern agent restlessly patron precipitate sacPart D for that matter in despair take ones place all manne

6、r of ask a favor of sb. stir upRead the text and answer the following question: What different strata/ levels of people were described by the author in responding to the news? And how did they respond? Key: the working-class women, the priest, the shopkeepers, the doctor, the beggars, the agents of

7、the buyerordinary working-class women who are eager to let others share what they knowpriests who try to raise money for one reason or anothershopkeepers whose only concern is to sell their wares for a good profitdoctors who cure the sick often for their own gainbeggars who live on almspearl buyers

8、who are expert at buying valuable pearls at the lowest possible pricecolonial & colony: Americas gun tradition dates to the 17th century, whencolonialsettlers often had to provide their own protection. 美國(guó)人擁有槍支的傳統(tǒng)可追溯至17世紀(jì)，當(dāng)時(shí)的殖民地居民不得不用槍支來(lái)保護(hù)自己。Acolonyof seals lay basking in the sun. 一群海豹躺著曬太陽(yáng)。樹(shù)上生活著一群蜜蜂

9、。 There lived acolonyof bees on the tree.dart n. &v. The girl turned and darted away through the trees. 女孩轉(zhuǎn)身穿過(guò)樹(shù)林飛速跑開(kāi)了。Markov died after being struck by a poison dart. 馬爾科夫身中毒鏢而亡。Dart-道奇nervous & nerves:我緊張得飯都吃不下。 I was toonervousto eat. 消費(fèi)者對(duì)未來(lái)非常憂慮。 Consumers are verynervousabout the future.Everynerv

10、ein her body was tense. 她的每一根神經(jīng)都繃得緊緊的。He never got (up) enoughnerveto meet me. 他從沒(méi)有足夠的膽量來(lái)見(jiàn)我。He had thenerveto ask me to prove who I was. 他竟敢要求我證明我自己的身份。If you say that you havetouched a nerveortouched a raw nerve, you mean that you have accidentally upset someone by talking about something that they

11、 feel strongly about or are very sensitive about. Alistair saw Henry shrink, as if the words had touched anerve. 阿利斯泰爾看到亨利向后縮了一下，好像那些話觸到了他的痛處。strangle The kidnapperstrangled the child with a piece of string. 那個(gè)綁架者用根繩子把這小孩勒死了。 When I attended his lecture, I always tried hard tostrangleyawns. 我上他的課時(shí)，總

12、是竭力地制止自己打呵欠。for that matter 就那件事而論， 關(guān)于那一點(diǎn) Ibelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikebraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter. 我想，就這一點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)，巴西或其他任何地方同樣也該這樣。 How,forthatmatter,doyoudistinguishpatriotism fromracism? 在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，你將如何區(qū)別愛(ài)國(guó)主義和種族主義？stern a. He said stern measures would be taken against the killers. 他說(shuō)將嚴(yán)懲

13、兇手。邁克爾狠狠瞪了那個(gè)人一眼。 Michael gave the man a stern look. We will take the necessary steps, she said sternly. “我們將采取必要措施，”她厲聲說(shuō)道。stir up ThecasewillalsostirupfurtherdebateaboutthewayAmericaspatentsystemoperates. 這個(gè)案件也引起了人們對(duì)美國(guó)專(zhuān)利法執(zhí)行方式的更深入的辯論。 As usual, Harry is trying to stir up trouble. 像往常一樣，哈麗正試圖找麻煩。 音樂(lè)可以

14、激發(fā)我們的想象力。 Musiccanstirupourimagination.Translation A1. I really doubt if the treated drinking water will truly provide sufficient minerals that are essential to human health.2. As to how the splendid Maya Culture disappeared all of a sudden from the Earth, it remains a mystery hard to solve.3. When

15、it was made plain that its a big rat/mouse that had caused the breakdown of the transmission system, we all felt relieved. Soon the system was brought back to its normal operation.4.He was almost driven to despair when he learnt that he was considered too old to take part in the space voyage. Hes sp

16、ent 3 years preparing for this long-dreamed-of trip. 5. The trip turned out to be a disaster, for the only means of transport available in that area were donkeys. We spent most of out time being jolted on the backs of these animals, almost stifled by the heat and swirling dust.6. He was not a very p

17、opular professor among the students because he would invariably wander off his topic during the course of his lecture and drag the class into the time for break.7. The prominent collector declared that his collection included some invaluable paintings that nobody could afford to buy.8. To save the l

18、ife of the little boy stung by a scorpion, the villagers used all the means and ways available to reduce the effect of poisoning.9. The annual Ice Sculpture Festival in this town attracted all manner of people from all over the country.10. Some countries were reduced to extreme poverty caused by war

19、 and natural disasters. For that matter, a U.N. official insisted that the developed countries should take their responsibility to make new contributions to the economic development of the developing countries.Translation B: “Toot, toot, toot”The car swept on through the village, and the villagers w

20、ere puzzled, as the mountain village seldom had visitors. When its finally made plain who had come, the villagers, old and young, were all excited- small boys scrambled and darted, shouting; old man followed, panting; young girls run, giggling, all coming to see the car. Sensing the excitement, Old Mack, the driver, now a gold mine owner, felt proud. His eyes