1、.2016年6月英語六級(jí)真題第一套PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheuseofrobots.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenmoreandmorerobotstaketheplaceofhumanbeingsinindustryaswellaspeoplesdailylives.Youarerequriedtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIIListenin

2、gComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorres

3、pondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ProjectorganizerB)Publicrelationsofficer.C)Marketingmanager.D)Marketresearchconsultant.2.A)Quantitativeadvertisingresearch.B)Questionnairedesign.C)Researchmethodology.D)Interviewertrai

4、ning.3.A)Theyareintensivestudiesofpeoplesspendinghabits.B)Theyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandcustomers.C)Theylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteproducts.D)Theystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiod.學(xué)習(xí)參照.4.A)Thelackofpromotionopportunity.B)Checkingchartsandtables.C)Designingquestionnair

5、es.D)Thepersistentintensity.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)HisviewonCanadianuniversities.B)Hisunderstandingofhighereducation.C)Hissuggestionsforimprovementsinhighereducation.D)HiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanuniversities.6.A)Itiswelldesigned.B)Itisratherinflexible.C

6、)Itvariesamonguniversities.D)Ithasundergonegreatchanges.7.A)TheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachother.B)Publicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateuniversities.C)Everyoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohighereducation.D)Privateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanpublicinstitutions.8.A)Universitysystemsvaryf

7、romcountrytocountry.B)Efficiencyisessentialtouniversitymanagement.Itishardtosaywhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprivateone.ManyprivateuniversityintheU.S.Areactuallylargebureaucracies.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Bothth

8、epassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.學(xué)習(xí)參照.9.A)Governmentsroleinresolvinganeconom

9、iccrisis.TheworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheworldIndicationsofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates.Theimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeopleslife.10.A)Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployeeswages.Theywillfeelfreetochoosethemostsuitableemployees.Theywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessoperations.

10、Theywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirrivals.11.A)Employeesandcompaniescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomiccrisis.Governmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatehobsfortheunemployed.Employeesworkshorterhourstoavoidlayoffs.Teamworkwillbeencouragedincompanies.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust

11、heard.12.A)Whethermemorysupplementswork.Whetherherbalmedicineworkswonders.Whetherexerciseenhancesonesmemory.Whetheramagicmemorypromisessuccess.13.A)Theyhelptheelderlymorethantheyoung.Theyarebeneficialinonewayoranother.Theygenerallydonothavesideeffects.Theyarenotbasedonrealscience.14.A)Theyareavailab

12、leatmostcountryfairs.B)Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage.C)Theyarecollectedorgrownbyfarmers.D)Theyareprescribedbytrainedpractitioners.15.A)Theyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpfulasdoingmentalexercise.B)Takingthemwithothermedicationsmightentailunnecessaryrisks.C)Theireffectlastsonlyashorttime.D)Manyhaveben

13、efitedfromthem.學(xué)習(xí)參照.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasing

14、lelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Howcatastrophicnaturaldisastersturnouttobetodevelopingnations.B)HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationstudiesnaturaldisasters.C)Howpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturaldisasters.D)Howthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisast

15、erscanbereduced.17.A)Bytrainingrescueteamsforemergencies.B)Bytakingstepstopreparepeopleforthem.C)Bychangingpeoplesviewsofnature.D)Byrelocatingpeopletosaferplaces.18.A)Howpreventiveactioncanreducethelossoflife.B)HowcourageousCubansareinfaceofdisasters.C)HowCubanssufferfromtropicalstorms.D)Howdestruct

16、ivetropicalstormscanbe.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)PaybacktheirloanstotheAmericangovernment.B)Provideloanstothoseinseverefinancialdifficulty.C)Contributemoretothegoalofawiderrecovery.D)Speeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingbubble.20.A)Somebanksmayhavetomergewithothers.B)Ma

17、nysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtofail.C)Itwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreloans.學(xué)習(xí)參照.D)Manybankswillhavetolayoffsomeemployees.21.A)Itwillworkcloselywiththegovernment.B)Itwillendeavortowriteoffbadloans.C)Itwilltrytolowertheinterestrate.D)Itwilltrytoprovidemoreloans.22.A)ItwonthelptheAmericaneconomytotu

18、rnaround.B)Itwontdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialbanks.C)ItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaadministration.D)Itwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23.A)Beingunabletolearnnewthings.B)Beingratherslowtomakechanges.C)Losingtempermoreandmoreoften.D

19、)Losingtheabilitytogetonwithothers.24.A)Cognitivestimulation.B)Communityactivity.C)Balanceddiet.D)Freshair.25.A)Ignoringthesignsandsymptomsofaging.B)Adoptinganoptimisticattitudetowardslife.C)Endeavoringtogiveupunhealthylifestyles.D)Seekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetotime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(4

20、0minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeach

21、學(xué)習(xí)參照.itemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Pursuingacareerisanessentialpartofadolescentdevelopment“.Theadolescentbecomesanadultwhenhe_26_arealjob”.TocognitiveresearcherslikePiaget,adulthoodmeantthebeginningofan_27_.Piagetarguedthatonceadoles

22、centsentertheworldofwork,theirnewlyacquiredabilitytoformhypothesesallowsthemtocreaterepresentationsthataretooideal.The_28_ofsuchideals,withoutthetemperingoftherealityofajoborprofession,rapidlyleadsadolescentstobecome_29_ofthenon-idealisticworldandtopressforreforminacharacteristicallyadolescentway.Pi

23、agetsaid:“Trueadaptationtosocietycomes_30_whentheadolescentreformerattemptstoputhisideastowork.”O(jiān)fcourse,youthfulidealismisoftencourageous,andnoonelikestogiveupdreams.Perhaps,taken_31_outofcontext,Piagetsstatementseemsharsh.Whathewas_32_，however,isthewayrealitycanmodifyidealisticviews.Somepeoplerefe

24、rtosuchmodificationasmaturity.Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature.Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof_33_,adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescents_34_abouttheirrolesinsociety.Fo

25、rthisreason,communityinterventionsandgovernmentjobprogramsthatoffersummerandvacationworkarenotonlyeconomically_35_butalsohelptostimulatetheadolescentssenseofworth.A)automaticallyB)beneficialC)capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excited學(xué)習(xí)參照.H)existenceI)incidentallyJ)intolerantK)occupationL)p

26、romisesM)recessionN)slightlyO)undertakesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwitha

27、letter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Cansocietiesberichandgreen?A“Ifoureconomiesaretoflourish,ifglobalpovertyistobeeliminatedandifthewell-beingoftheworldspeopleenhancednotjustinthisgenerationbutinsucceedinggenerationswemustmakesurewetakecareofthenaturalenvironmentan

28、dresourcesonwhichoureconomicactivitydepends”.Thatstatementcomesnot,asyoumightimagine,fromastereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(環(huán)保主義者),butfromGordonBrown,apoliticianwithareputationforrigour,thoroughnessandaboveall,caution.BAsurprisingthingforthemanwhorunsoneoftheworldsmostpowerfuleconomies

29、tosay?Perhaps;thoughintherun-uptothefive-yearreviewoftheMillennium(千年的)Goals,heisfarfromalone.Therootsofhisspeech,giveninMarchattheroundtablemeetingofenvironmentandenergyministersfromtheG20groupofnations,stretchbackto1972,andtheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholm.學(xué)習(xí)參照.C“Theprotec

30、tionandimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,”readthefinaldeclarationfromthisgathering,thefirstofasequencewhichwouldleadtotheRiodeJaneiroEarthSummitin1992andtheWorldDevelopmentSummitinJohannesburgthreeyearsago.DHuntthr

31、oughthereportspreparedbyUNagenciesanddevelopmentgroupsmanyforconferencessuchasthisyearsMillenniumGoalsreviewandyouwillfindthatthelinkagebetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicprogressisacommonthread.EManagingecosystemssustainablyismoreprofitablethanexploitingthem,accordingtotheMillenniumEcosystemA

32、ssessment.Butfindinghardevidencetosupportthethesisisnotsoeasy.Thoughtsturnfirsttosomesortofglobalstatistic,someindicatorwhichwouldratethewealthofnationsinbotheconomicandenvironmentaltermsandshowarelationshipbetweenthetwo.FIfsuchanindicatorexists,itiswellhidden.Andonreflection,thisisnotsurprising;the

33、singleword“environment”hassomanydimensions,andtherearesomanyotherfactorsaffectingwealthsuchastheoildepositsthatteasingoutasimpleeconomy-environmentrelationshipwouldbealmostimpossible.GTheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment,avastfour-yearglobalstudywhichreporteditsinitialconclusionsearlierthisyear,foundrea

34、sonstobelievethatmanagingecosystemssustainablyworkingwithnatureratherthanagainstitmightbelessprofitableintheshortterm,butcertainlybringslong-termrewards.HAndtheWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI)initsWorldResources2005report,issuedattheendofAugust,producedseveralsuchexamplesfromAfricaandAsia;italsodemonstr

35、atedthatenvironmentaldegradationaffectsthepoormorethantherich,aspoorerpeoplederiveamuchhigherproportionoftheirincomedirectlyfromthenaturalresourcesaroundthem.IButtherearealsomanyexamplesofgrowingwealthbytrashingtheenvironment,inrichandpoorpartsoftheworldalike,whetherthroughunregulatedmineralextracti

36、on,drasticwateruseforagriculture,slash-and-burnfarming,or學(xué)習(xí)參照.fossil-fuel-guzzling(大批耗費(fèi))transport.Ofcourse,suchgrowthmaynotpersistinthelongtermwhichiswhatMr.BrownandtheStockholmdeclarationwerebothattemptingtopointout.PerhapsthebestexampleofboomgrowthandbustdeclineistheGrandBanksfishery.Foralmostfive

37、centuriesaverylargesupplyofcod(鱈)providedabundantrawmaterialforanindustrywhichatitspeakemployedabout40,000people,sustainingentirecommunitiesinNewfoundland.Then,abruptly,thecodpopulationcollapsed.Therewerenolongerenoughfishintheseaforthestocktomaintainitself,letaloneanindustry.Morethanadecadelater,th

38、erewasnosignoftheecosystemre-buildingitself.Ithad,apparently,beenfishedoutofexistence;andtheoncemightyNewfoundlandfleetnowgropesaboutfranticallyforcrabontheseafloor.JThereisaviewthatmodernhumansareinevitablysowingtheseedofaglobalGrandBanks-styledisaster.Theideaisthatwearetakingmoreoutofwhatyoumightc

39、alltheplanetsenvironmentalbankbalancethanitcansustain;wearelivingbeyondourecologicalmeans.Onerecentstudyattemptedtocalculatetheextentofthis“ecologicalovershootofthehumaneconomy”,andfoundthatweareusing1.2Earths-worthofenvironmentalgoodsandservicestheimplicationbeingthatatsomepointthedebtwillbecalledi

40、n,andallthoseservicesthethingswhichtheplanetdoesforusforfreewillgrindtoahalt.KWhetherthisisright,andifsowhereandwhentheecologicalaxewillfall,ishardtodeterminewithanyprecisionwhichiswhygovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsareonlybeginningtobringsuchrisksintotheireconomiccalculations.Itisalsothereasonwh

41、ydevelopmentagenciesarenotunitedintheirviewofenvironmentalissues;whilesome,liketheWRI,maintainthatenvironmentalprogressneedstogohand-in-handwitheconomicdevelopment,othersarguethatthepriorityistobuildathrivingeconomy,andthenusethewealthcreatedtotackleenvironmentaldegradation.LThisviewassumesthatrichs

42、ocietieswillinvestinenvironmentalcare.Butisthisright?Dothingsgetbetterorworseaswegetricher?HeretheStockholm學(xué)習(xí)參照.declarationisambiguous.“Inthedevelopingcountries,”itsays,“mostoftheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyunder-development”.Soitissayingthateconomicdevelopmentshouldmakeforacleanerworld?Notneces

43、sarily;“Intheindustralisedcountries,environmentalproblemsaregenerallyrelatedtoindustrialisationandtechnologicaldevelopment,”itcontinues.Inotherwords,poorandrichbothover-exploitthenaturalworld,butfordifferentreasons.Itssimplynottruethateconomicgrowthwillsurelymakeourworldcleaner.MClearly,richersociet

44、iesareabletoprovideenvironmentalimprovementswhichliewellbeyondthereachofpoorercommunities.Citizensofwealthynationsdemandnationalparks,cleanrivers,cleanairandpoison-freefood.Theyalso,however,usefarmorenaturalresources-fuel,water(allthosebathsandgolfcourses)andbuildingmaterials.NAcasecanbemadethatrich

45、nationsexportenvironmentalproblems,themostgraphicexamplebeingclimatechange.Asacountryswealthgrows,sodoitsgreenhousegasemissions.Thefiguresavailablewillnotbecompletelyaccurate.Measuringemissionsisnotaprecisescience,particularlywhenitcomestoissuessurroundinglanduse;notallnationshavere-leasedup-to-date

46、data,andinanycase,emissionsfromsomesectorssuchasaviationarenotincludedinnationalstatistics.Butthedataisexactenoughforacleartrendtobeeasilydiscernible.Ascountriesbecomericher,theyproducemoregreenhousegases;andtheimpactofthosegaseswillfallprimarilyinpoorpartsoftheworld.OWealthisnot,ofcourse,theonlyfac

47、torinvolved.TheaverageNorwegianisbetteroffthantheaverageUScitizen,butcontributesabouthalfasmuchtoclimatechange.ButcouldNorwaykeepitsstandardoflivingandyetcutitsemissionstoMoroccanorevenEthiopianlevels?Thatquestion,repeatedacrossadozenenvironmentalissuesandacrossourdiverseplanet,iswhatwillultimatelyd

48、eterminewhetherthehumanraceislivingbeyonditsecologicalmeansasitpursueseconomicrevival.36.Examplesshowthatbothrichandpoorcountriesexploitedtheenvironment學(xué)習(xí)參照.foreconomicprogress.37.Environmentalprotectionandimprovementbenefitpeopleallovertheworld.38.Itisnotnecessarilytruethateconomicgrowthwillmakeour

49、worldcleaner.39.ThecommonthemeoftheUNreportsistherelationbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.40.Developmentagenciesdisagreeregardinghowtotackleenvironmentissueswhileensuringeconomicprogress.41.Itisdifficulttofindsolidevidencetoproveenvironmentalfriendlinessgeneratesmoreprofitsthanexploit

50、ingthenaturalenvironment.42.Sustainablemanagementofecosystemswillproverewardinginthelongrun.43.Apoliticiannotedforbeingcautiousassertsthatsustainablehumandevelopmentdependsonthenaturalenvironment.44.Poorcountrieswillhavetobearthecostforrichnationseconomicdevelopment.45.Onerecentstudywarnsusofthedang

51、eroftheexhaustionofnaturalresourcesonEarth.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrought

52、hecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Interactivetelevisionadvertising,whichallowsviewerstousetheirremotecontrolstoclickonadvertisements,hasbeenpushedforyears.Nearlyadecadeagoitwaspredictedthatviewersof“Friends”,apopularsituationcomedy,wouldsoonbeabletopurchaseasweaterlikeJ

53、enniferAnistonswithafewtapsontheirremote學(xué)習(xí)參照.control.“Itsbeentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears,”saysColinDixonofadigital-mediaconsultancy.SothenewsthatCablevision,andAmericancablecompany,wasrollingoutinteractiveadvertisementstoallitscustomersonOctober6thwasgreetedwi

54、thsomeskepticism.Duringcommercials,anoverlaywillappearatthebottomofthescreen,promptingviewerstopressabuttontorequestafreesampleororderacatalogue.Cablevisionhopestoallowcustomerstobuythingswiththeirremotecontrolsearlynextyear.Televisionadvertisingcoulddowithaboost.Spendingfellby10%inthefirsthalfofthe

55、year.Thepopularizationofdigitalvideorecordershascausedadvertiserstoworrythattheircommercialswillbeskipped.SomeareturningtotheInternet,whichischeaperandoffersconcretemeasurementslikeclick-throughratesespeciallyimportantatatimewhenmarketingbudgetsaretight.Withthelaunchofinteractiveadvertising,“manyoft

56、hedollarsthatwenttotheInternetwillcomebacktotheTV,”saysDavidKlineofCablevision.Orsotheindustryhopes.Intheory,interactiveadvertisingcanengageviewersinawaythat30-secondspotsdonot.UnileverrecentlyrananinteractivecampaignforitsAxedeodorant(除臭劑)，whichkeptviewersengagedformorethanthreeminutesonaverage.The

57、amountspentoninteractiveadvertisingontelevisionisstillsmall.Magna,anadvertisingagency,reckonsitwillbeworthabout$138millionthisyear.Thatfallsfarshortofthebillionsofdollarspeopleonceexpectedittogenerate.ButDirecTV,ComcastandTimeWarnerCablehaveallinvestedinit.AneweffortledbyCanoeVentures,acoalitionofle

58、adingcableproviders,aimstomakeinteractiveadvertisingavailableacrossAmericalaterthisyear.BrightLineiTV,Whichdesignsandsellsinteractiveads,saysinteresthassurged:itexpectsitsrevenuesalmosttotriplethisyear.BSkyB,Britainsbiggestsatellite-televisionservice,alreadyprovides9millioncustomerswithinteractivead

59、s.Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision,a“l(fā)eanback”medium,craveinteraction.Click-throughrateshavebeenhighsofar(around3-4%,comparedwithlessthan0.3%online),butthatmaybearesultofthenovelty.Interactiveads學(xué)習(xí)參照.andviewersmightnotgowelltogether.46.WhatdoesColinDixonmeanbysaying“Itsbeentheyearofi

60、nteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears”(Lines4-5,Para.1)?A)Interactivetelevisionadvertisingwillbecomepopularin10-12years.B)Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghasbeenunderdebateforthelastdecadeorso.C)Interactivetelevisionadvertisingissuccessfulwhenincorporatedintosituationcomedies.D)I