1、35/36aaing nex-eneraon TinfratruueTe ds of uilding t ordr e oer. he im i ipe foran induria revoluion.Jame .Kapln, arkusLffer,an ger P.RobertsThe Minsy Quarey, Webxlsive， Ferua 2005In recet s,compnes awoke ard todue th cost of the T inftuctrethe data enter,netorks, databas，ad softare ols tsuport buie

2、sses. These effots tosolidate, stndardiz， and streamlie asses，technologies, and prcees have elived maor saing. Yetvenhe os effciv cos-cuting programentuallyits wal：thecoxity fthinfrasrutur tsel.heoo cause fthis olexty s th build-trdermind-se tadtionimot Torgaizations. The tyca nfrastructure may seem

3、 t be hightc butctallyresembls a l-asid auoobl: hamade y an expercraftspers an utize totesecfiatins o a invidua cuomer oday an aplcain dloer typically pifies the xac sevrcnfigurtionforach aplication antheinfasregroupfulfilstht uet. The resu： thusnds of aplition sios,ac it itsown cstomconfiguredhrdae

4、, a a jblefoftnicptible asststht reatly limi oanyslexibity and time t arket. Since ah serv my beconfigued meet n applicatios eakdemand,whih is relytained，vat onts o xpensv aty st ne acrosthe irastctre t ay gintie. Moover, applcatios re tightly lined toinivdulsvers and torg deices,s h excess cpaciy c

5、at be shed.Now,however, ehnloica advancscmbiedth wsllsandaement praicesallow ompane tohed this id-rdr apprch. A deade into thechallenging transiion todistributed compuing,nfasrctre grop ar man cet-servran Weentered archecturswth grwing uthri.Copanies are adoptin stndrzd applcaon latfors a deveopment

6、 languags. Ad todays hihprforne procssos, storageunits, ad nerk enurehatinfrstructureeemnts arely need h-tunin o metthe reuremens f pliation.nrsponseto escnge,somelading omanies arbeginnin to adopt netirel newmoel of frastuctur anagemenmre of-theshe than buiorder teadofspcifyn thharwreand the confgr

7、ation ededr abuness pplcn（I d hiartiulraker, mdl,and conigurato for mytwor-tahed orag ox. . ), develor pcify asrvce rquireme（Ined storagewth high-speed scalaity .); rathr thnuildn sytems t ordr, infasructuregoup ceae ptolios of prodctized, reusable servces. Strmlin， aumatedprocess an echnooies eae f

8、ctorytht deliversteprodts i opimalfasion (Exhbit 1）.As produc ders rolln， factory maager moitos the ifrasructur or cpacity-lnning nd soring puroses.With this model, fillngan T requrementi rather ieshoping catlgdvelper whonees trgprouc, orinstan, chosesfrom a portfolio ofoptios， chdescribed srvic lev

9、e（sch as speed, apacity, r availbilty） nd priced corin to the infrasructue asets osumed (say, $7 a montfor giabyte of manged sra).The stems tranprnyhel busiess usersndrand how demnd drives tcnmption ancot f resources.Copanehat mke th transito gain bigbuss enefits B redung ompleiy,eliminatng dudantac

10、tivty， an oosting the utiliation of sset,they ca methir infrasruture2 t 3 permore prductiven to of th bnftfrom prvioueffienc fortterby providigfr geaer outut andlexibilty. ven ager avings can eacvdy using lo-cost, cmmodity ssetswhen ssble Developers logr must specf an appcationstecicaludpinings an c

11、an theeforefcus o work tatdeivers greaer bsie value; tnmodl mrvs tmesto market for new applicains.Nrthless， maing hs transin calls for ajor rgnzational cangs. Aplitiondeveopers must become dept a forecastingadanaging demnd tht,itu，infrastrcturgrups an mnage caaityor tigtly. Inrastrucure group must d

12、evelopnew apbilitesinpoduct mangeent anrcing as wll as introuce wehnoloi such asgid cmputing and virtualizion sf CIOs, th tput in place newmdel o ovrnanceto manage the new ifastruure oganzato.The rad forwardDutsche eleokows irsthand t llenes ivo： oer18mo,hopingto bac suly and mn, it imleene this ew

13、infrsrctue-magement model at tdivison (see idr, Next-genetion infastcteat Dtche Tele). I heoddays， thecompays T frastruture, lk ms，waa landscap f apliation sis. Todayacrae frcsts of ser demandare ticl,sonewl minted prduc manas ust tae ahrizol vew， arossaplcions, to assess the totaneds f the busines

14、nd creae theight poduts They musnworcoely wit infratrutur tem to alin suplyifrastruure sstsu s harwae, sftre， ad soragewitdmndIntepast， ployees of the infarctue nctionwereorde tae. Now， they cn be oe ntepreneurial，cngthe i of arare，soare, a eoog tat optmizes the infstucte. To ep ots low, they can as

15、e ridsf low-d eves, cheaer storag dks,nd oter comodity rsorcs. Facty maagers now fcs nautomatingandindustralizing prducon Athugheutsh Telkomswodvsionsdidnadially chage their oraniztinl or eortig srtures,I gorce nw seek to ensure tt prdt anervie evesare conssenacros bsines units i rdrtminiie cost and

16、 to prove teinastructures overall performc. ee een Detscheleom and othercanies gests taren a net-gnratio infratruture involvsato n thefronts: segmeing user man， developgroduclke services across buinessi, ad ceaing shred fcors to streline the deliver ofIT.Segmeng sr demanLargeT organizaiossuport hous

17、and ofapplcatios, undred f physcal site, as fthousan of end users. All three o theseelments re criticadrers o infrsructue dmand: pliaions requi servrsand tae， stesneed netwrk cnnetiity，and se want acess to detop, lapt， P, ad soth. To stnardiz these snts, an orniatio must first dvelp a deepundrsadino

18、f the sha of crenemnd oinfrasucur services ad how ht demandwillmt ielyevolve. en it eeds o caeorie dmn into sgmets （suh as uptim, throuhpt， a scility）hat are eaningfl to business sers.Wngrupe in thi way,st appicaions fall to relatielysmall umberof cluts A parmaceuti aucture, fr istan,und hat mst o a

19、usiness nit exingand planedpplicatioselinto e f i cagries，icludi le frc aplicationstht ne around-t-clok support nd off-lievailabiiy d eterprs applicationshaust scl u to housandsofusers ndhanle btc transions effciently.notast, typica olsaleanks pplication portfo ha more gment， wiha wr raeofneeds. Som

20、 appicationsuch asderivais, icing, arisk-management tolsust ect comutation-ntsiv nles i minutes rthertha hu. Fund-trsfe plicatins allow fr litte o n downtime;progm-tading aplicatios must executasciosin millieos or rik promisgtradin srtgies.Athough sime bycomparison, tneed f hsil iteand usr grous ca

21、b ctegred in a imir wy. Onemakeing-sve pany tatevauedits etw rcieture, or eample,sgmentd its sie into ofceh moe tan 10seats, ths wh 25 to 10, an remote brancheswith fewer than 25. A cable systesperatr dvided srsitsnor xeivesitconciere-spor neds,poesional mployees, ll-eeaens, and ied tcas.Most compni

22、s findh definng th seific infrastcureeeds of applicon,sites, a ues is thke chaengef sentigman.Majoriues incudethe ti andrquncy oneed, hember of usrs， the amunt of dontm tha isaccptable, nde motanc of spd, salability, andmobit.Stndardizngprdcnce e nfrstucture goup a assess uren d future demand， can d

23、eelopas ofpouce, reusableservices forthe segmnts: managmentand storag prdctsfo aplion,accessrodcssh as dsktps nd aptops fr nd uses, and netwk-acces roduts or various sies. Fr eachf thse hre prdt ls, e gop mustthenmak aeries o deciionsa oththe prtfol and te pruct levelt the potfoli level,ihasto mae d

24、eiions boutthe ope, deth, d breh of product ofeins, ih an eye owaoptmizi ourcs and inimiing cos. Eceptis must be detaled up fro.hegou aydecie, foreample， aasoffer products toupport applitios wit srngetruirmnts, such s ve-ow-atency presing;sepplicaion ma be bettr buil y handan rom thegrund up Othr pp

25、litis, suh a lacy nes, maybe beter left tside thenew modelf theyre runig wel and cant eily e oted to ew harwre. The up shold alsoeide ow to introuce new technoles a to migrate existig applains ha re easetomo.t theproduct lel， te group mut defin the fetues，ervie level,andprice of eachpdut Fr echpplic

26、aton supt prodct, to gie ne example, it wi beecessayo ecif a pogammingnag， anacceptabe level of dowtm， ad api or fasrutureusge. Tht price, i rn, depnd on how te gup cie rgefo comptng,trage, pceso， n neork usag. T goup h t oside wethe ts prig moel should ofer dicounts or acate dema orect rvesrs to sc

27、iic productsroghstegicpricing.Looingforad， copanes ay find thtwllineprdutsan poutortflisare the sinleost mporant dermnan ofth infscre functons succssDevelpers ausrs may rebelfaprtfolo ofrs to ew ies，for iane, butaportfolio wih to mannt rep te enefits of cae andrus. Goo inial researchinto user needs

28、s criial, s iis ra conse poducts company.h suppyide: rtigsard factoriehe trainl ild-to-ordermodlimits h infrrctue unctis bily t otiize srvicedliver. Deiery hahre cmponnts： opertinl roese depoyi, runnig, and surtn apiationsn technooges；sftreoosforautg tse perationapesses; andfilities for husng eole a

29、n st.Atmost cpaies, rations in rchitectur ad echnologyakeit mpoibt use rpetae ocses applid across systems. Thisoblehnder eicy and auoon d estrits the munt oworktht cnb perormdremotely ow-cost loatios，hs limin the scpe fr ddiional cost savings.I th next-genratio nfrasctur ode， owevr， apliction deoers

30、 specify a seric neut have o iput intoth uderlying tecnoloies rprcesse honto meetit. The pplicaton may,oince， reqire hh-spee netored store, but the devlope neier kows nor cares which enorprovids th stoagemea This conct n consmerwo have cal waitn on teihomtelephone lines don knowhethertheloalcarr as

31、Luent echogy r Nortel etwoksswtch tis clss centraloffice.Becase the iratrucur funion cn no chooswichsoftwre tecnologs, ardare, ndroceses tose,it can ethin and rdein tdeiverymodel froptma eficcy. Uing standarzd andcuented procsss，it castar deelaniterated st of softw toos o utate its eraios.Net, b lev

32、erginitsrocsses nd autmtinols, it ca devel a ntegraedlcatinstratey thamiimzes the ned fr data centr,so that morefunciosc perate remtey nlow-costven offshoreloctons.Buding anw orgnizationWha hages mustCOsmae to cpializ on thsnew pportunties? Te nxt-eerationifrastrutureas mo implctos r theroles， respn

33、sibilitie, angovenac te infrastut organiatin.Te os ritcal newrols roe of he prodt mnger， whodfine products andot ptfios, and of he facory archit， who desnsthe aredprocesss toeplo, opeate,andsuport th (hibit 2).Produc aager mutfocus on srcofringad beaccunable o reachin rodctivty trets Thir otr keyres

34、poibilies includebidingltinhip wi buiness uersand aplcatiodevelopers， drstndigdsegmetin dmand, defining rct orfol, an saingdveloper and busines usrs to acept eireios.actory rhiects ae, inqua parts, technology rategis n industia neers,coying thearhitecturs, rocesses, adtools thatsprt the pouct rtolio

35、. Thi other eyresponbitis incldecofirmng that produt cmitments n bet， chsin technlogis, defingroceses, deelongproces-aumation plans, ad selcting ols. Althog tissan estabish ro at DeutcheTelekom,factoryarcitctsae now me oud aomating n usriliingoductin.Organizail stucures must hange a wel.Specilized i

36、loswi adminstratsfocused on specific ehlogy pltfrsmainfres， midrnge cpting, disribte serve, toge, anvoce ad data netorksould iv wa to utidisciplinaytams that manage he rormanceoftheinfrastructueand he devey osevices.CIOs ms asput inplc novel goveac ecanisms to deal wih capaciy plnning, eaunh newseri

37、cs,ad investentancingissus. lhughDutsheTekom oed o keep its eisiggovance ructure, ny cmpaie creat an eerpr-vel infrtuure cuni tesure the csitenc of prots andservicevls acros business uni. Suh onsisncy is crticalfr eping cos ow andoptimizin prora.o make ure thenewinfrastructur is runnin eficinty andt

38、o sustaiperfrnceimprvens， IT leades suld focus ie key areas:1Dfocating an apaciplnng. key oal fhe ew nfastucture modeis o matchsply d demand morclosely， therby miniming the st fsrc.To achievethis bjectie， te IT group must ok loseywth sines unitin rder orecastemandand hu mprovecpacitypannin. Forecass

39、 re mor accurat hecmpanies flow eutceTeleomsexample and grege demad acroucs insad of alictions.2.Fnding ad budgetn. Prodct demnd drives budgets. Sic th w mdel uses real demd ores,dgengis esier. Mreover， th pricig transpareny cmes knowledge Bsinessunitwl no kw what eir IT cies are going t cos；e infra

40、structure gropwill derstd ebugtimpliationsof ureqets ad be ble create moreaccuate capital plan.3.Productporfol mnagemen.Comanies can xpeto spend i month delp nw-produt porliose ifastucture tea sold raminth o or tree times ring the frst yer to ensuetha teyr approprategive projecdwoklods and mgig end-

41、user neds. Theeaft,a early reviewusully suffies eamould mnitor allphaesfh poduc lifeycl, m planing and sourcin ew oucts to etng old service andreeployin resures.Release manageent. To ensure hat new technolie oupraes ae itegrated efecivelyadthat cage causs lessuheva an lost prociity, leading cmpanies

42、arfuly mange te releae ofoth infrastuctue producs ad appicatons in parallel. oreoer， to lan ad, applcati evelopesneed to ow abutnyipendng cane in the infastutre atlog.5.Supp n vendo mnagement T leaesmust ur ha omuting rsoces are avilable met thentrced servie lel product prtolios. frastrutre mnaerssh

43、ould revisittheir sourig taegannully,sekinopporuniies toow ts animprove produtvitEve wit the resutrindthwrles androcsse n place, hangin tbui-o-oer d-stad utre ayremin the bigest challengeof ll. tsche eekomadjused itinves, hred new popl,deped training wrksops, and pointe hneaet to spreah ord and uid

44、etis Tse orgiaioal nd clturl haes arecentralto relizing hepotnial o teextgeneratio nfrasructue mdel. Investn he time aattention nede to ge he riht resls is just as critc a reehing tetechical arhitece. Refrenc：Next-geeration nrsrcure at Dutche TelekOo Zepnfelds heru emeano ma be surprsng ivn is o.As

45、headofITpation for -Com,uh Telekms fixed-nework iviin,e esponsble frsuring hat all appatins rusmoothy， ev dung tmes of pea dma.-Cm, whichoutsurce mostall of it T petios to ts sister comny T-Systems, rovides vice nd data ervies to about 4mllncosuersad erymal busies. Itgeeatesigher evesthan ythr diiio

46、n of Deutsch lekom. e comanys I infrastucue i assive：1.3 petbysfstrag caaity, 25，000 MP of cotingowr， roximael 3,000 erves d0,00 wrkstions, andhundreds of applicationsany ofT-oms I infracuresst,ie thoseof ms ompaies, nce atdle wati fo peakoads.To addrss thepoem, T-Com ad T-System egan iplemnighe eem

47、en of next-geeratn nrruture ol： protli servics, tansparent rcing, ict demand forecsting,andcapcy angement.Managng supy a ead across applictonsFor ch ifrastucuproduct categrytorag,hosing, so orhTom aoted aproduc mnagertose deman acos alaplicatin n thatcategory and t wok with -stem on dfining the ihtr

48、odctsdserice levsand negotitin pice.TCos proessfo frecating dmnd greates itcros l teories dten forwardsthat infmation to T-ystems fr uein capat planng an magent.-Sste splie T-Coms rocts and manae tenderlyinghaware, sofwar,ad tworks.Like -Com,it akes bird-ye view, lookngcs plicatins atotatora and com

49、ting neds. Th w units now wr itnde baan uply andemnd rdical paturefromthe trditionalaplcation-so mentality.Tsccss of thismoel ens on two eyfco: T-o must ean to pedit howmuch omputig per iil eead wen; T-ystms mstlen hw o excess caacty nother areas T-Sysem ms tke o a lot r eponsiblity, notes iche Aurh

50、, the Tystm manager for all T-Com peratios.Ath end f t day, is ur jobto lverage t ide capitelsewhere.Pain onl foruaeSince theew odeeqis-Systmsather tan T-Cmto pik up he ta foused cpacity,Sstems i undeprure t hik an perate inews. Formely, we Zeenfedeeda new besapplication f o, T-System Aerbch supplie

51、d thepppitehardware,ofware, ad sevcs and thn talldup te co.t ws usually th sujectof ineeat becaus the alue of comlexcomputer sytms ishard to determie, d so is tecot f the sscated instalan, oeatios, n maintnane.Now, epnfeld paysonly o the comptig rsorcehe s eer nt; the hardware， sotwa, and storag ned

52、ed o pwer T-omsapliations re Aerbchs prolem is mode,howvr， gie Sstems hefedo to makeecisionstht optimizhe inrstructureas a whle ather tan specific pliatis.Wherevr pssbe,T-Stms usscheap commdty resourcs such as gris of lowen servers, sorge s， and Inel prcesors istea of Un systm. nssnce, it ow acts or

53、e as nenrepreneur th as n ordetakerTranspancy ostsisa majr benitof thismodel： T-Com eelyrads ff e bs tonsedand ps predetrmined price at faos T-ystmsenginering upport.TCms nvoe includes a hanf of servce tegoe （such as sorae, aup, coting, the opeai of apcatis, and the hel esk) ad qunties sagein eail.

54、Each servce nithas a fixed price,so -Co knows extly whtit wil py fra giate f strage， anhouofteephone support, r abacku o f adataase. Mooer， hese serices abe bencmarked individlly, o TCom has theailttocheck tt prces a reasoabe. eppne nd Auerbch greethat trapenheps creat natmosphere oftrust.Gainin rea

55、ter flexibiitT-om als aisflxibilit： isonract ltsitincrse r deree its omputing cacty ifi i theemonhsnic. Drastic,arssth-boad changs in usar unlikel or mo companie, bt hi adde flexiblit i ndividul ares til a welcmebenit Marketng， for instane,ha lctuatingneed. ake -ail camaign generatin sevel milln respsesPevously， a six-mont ime was needd to ucase newhdre ad sowre. Thee moel foce makngto producemore curteforecassbt ctt ad tim in hlfNow,T-om les TSystem koabouthe aketig gupsplans n euireents three moths beoe suc paign;he rier it