1、Freedom in the worldDescription of the survey Ranking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomThe factors which are considered in the survery when forming the rankingThe end 1Freedom in the worldDescription of the survey Freedom in the World is a yearly report by US-based Freedom House th

2、at attempts to measure the degree of democracy and political freedom in every nation and significant disputed territories around the world, and which produces annual scores representing the levels of political rights and civil liberties in each state and territory, on a scale from 1 (most free) to 7

3、 (least free). Depending on the ratings, the nations are then classified as Free, Partly Free, or Not Free. 這是一個美國 Freedom House 年度性的調查報告。致力于調查世界上各個國家及主要的有爭議的地區的民主及政治自由度。此報告每年還會給出代表各國家、地區政治權利、公民自由的分數，從一分到七分。1分代表自由度最高，7分最低。據此，這些國家和地區被分為三個等級。自由、部分自由以及不自由。2Freedom in the worldDescription of the survey

4、It is often used by researchers in order to measure democracy and correlates highly with several other measures of democracy like the Polity data series. It was launched in 1973 by Raymond Gastil.這個調查經常被研究人員用于衡量民主及相關事宜，與其他幾個衡量民主的方法一起，比如說民主政治數據系列。它是Raymond Gastil在1973年推出的。See the freedom of the world

5、 according to this survey 3Freedom in the worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomThose whose ratings average 1.0 to 2.5 are considered Free, 3.0 to 5.0 Partly Free, and 5.5 to 7.0 Not Free.4Freedom in the worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomLeader

6、s: Sub-Saharan Africa: Cape Verde 佛得角Americas: Bahamas 巴哈馬 Barbados 巴巴多斯 Belize 伯利茲 Canada 加拿大 Chile 智利 Costa 科斯塔 Dominica 多米尼克 Saint Lucia 圣盧西亞 Saint Kitts and Nevis 圣基茨和尼維斯 Trinidad 特立尼達 United States 美利堅合眾國Asia-Pacific：Australia 澳大利亞KiribatiMarshall IslandFederated States of MicronesiaNauruPalauT

7、uvaluMost westen europe 5Ranking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomFreedom in the worldLaggards: Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Somalia Sudan Burma North Korea China (mainland) 7 6 Not Free Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Libya Chechnya (Russia) Tibet (Peoples Republic of China) 6Freedom in the

8、worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomAmericaThe United States is an electoral democracy with a bicameral federal legislature.美國是兩院的聯邦立法機關的選舉制民主。The federal government has a high degree of transparency. A substantial number of auditing and investigative agencies function in

9、dependently of political influence.聯邦政府的高度透明性。大量的審計和研究機構擁有獨立的政治影響 。The United States has a free, diverse, and constitutionally protected press. 美國有自由的、多樣的、受憲法保護的新聞體系。The United States has a long tradition of religious freedom.美國有悠久的宗教自由。The academic sphere enjoys a healthy level of intellectual free

10、dom.學術領域享有高水平的學術自由。In general, officials respect the right to public assembly. 一般來說，官員們都尊重公眾集會的權力。7Freedom in the worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomAmericaFederal law guarantees trade unions the right to organize workers and engage in collective bargaining with employer

11、s. The right to strike is also guaranteed .聯邦法律保障工會有權組織人員與雇主從事集體談判。民眾罷工的權利也得到保證。 Citizens of the United States enjoy a high level of personal autonomy.美國的公民享有高度的個人自主性。 Women have made important strides toward equality over the past several decades.在過去的幾十年間，美國在婦女權利，男女平等上邁出了重要的步伐。china8Freedom in the

12、worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomChinaChina is not an electoral democracy. Party members hold almost all top posts in government, the military, and the internal security services, as well as in many economic entities and social organizations.中國的選舉制是不完全的。幾乎所有的共產黨員擔任頂級職位

13、，在政府、軍隊和安全機構，以及許多的經濟和社會團體。Opposition groups like the China Democracy Party are suppressed, and members are imprisoned. 反對黨的成員甚至被判入獄，中國的政黨存在一黨專政的弊端。China was ranked 79 out of 180 countries surveyed in Transparency Internationals 2009 Corruption Perceptions Index. 2009年國際腐敗透明指數所調查的180個國家之中，中國位于79位。Des

14、pite relative freedom in private discussion and journalists efforts to push the limits of permissible speech, Chinas media environment remains extremely restrictive.盡管相對自由討論和新聞工作者的權利已經做了努力,中國媒體被允許講話的環境仍非常嚴格。 9Freedom in the worldRanking of the leaders and laggards in the terms of freedomChinaThe num

15、ber of religious believers, including Christians, has expanded in recent years. Nevertheless, religious freedom remains sharply curtailed, and religious minorities remained a key target of repression during 2009.盡管宗教信仰者近些年來人數有增加。但是，宗教信仰自由沒有增加。甚至在2009年有鎮壓。（國外嚴重的中國政府對于西藏問題。）Academic freedom remains restricted with respect to politically sensitive issues.學術研究在政治敏感問題上仍然有限制。Freedoms of assembly and association are severely restricted.集會和結社的自由受到制約。The only legal labor union is the government-controlled All-China Federat