1、新人教版八年級下冊英語重難點突破知識點梳理及重點題型鞏固練習Unit 1 Whats the matter？詞句精講精練詞匯精講1. have a cold have a cold是動詞短語，意為“患感冒，傷風”，也可以說成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其中have表示“患病，得病”，不能用于進行時態，但可與一段時間連用，表示狀態；而catch/get a cold則表示瞬時動作，不能同一段時間連用。例如： I have had a cold for three days. 我感冒三天了。 此句也可以表達為： I had/caught/got a co

2、ld three days ago. 【拓展】 表示人體某部位“痛”時的幾種結構：（1）have a + 身體部位名詞后加-ache構成。例如： have a headache 頭痛 have a toothache 牙痛 have a stomachache胃痛（2）have a sore + 身體部位名詞。例如： have a sore throat 喉嚨痛 have a sore arm 胳膊痛 have a sore foot 腳痛（3）身體部位 + hurt/ache。例如：My eyes hurt. 我眼睛痛。My legs ache. 我腿疼。（4）have a pain in/

3、 on + the + 身體部位。例如：I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。（5）There is something wrong with + ones + 身體部位。例如： There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。2. rest（1）rest作及物動詞，意為“使休息”，作不及物動詞，意為“休息”。例如：You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading. 在大量閱讀之后，你應該休息一下你的眼睛。Im tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，

4、我想休息。（2）rest也可以作名詞，常用搭配have a rest，表示“休息一下”。例如：You have a cold，and should have a rest. 你感冒了，應該休息一下。3. break（1）break作不及物，意為“弄碎，破碎”。break的過去式為broke，過去分詞為broken。例如：Glass is easily broken. 玻璃容易破碎。（2）break作及物動詞，意為“弄碎，弄斷”。例如：Li Ming broke his left leg last night. 昨晚李明摔斷了左腿。（3）break作及物動詞，意為“不遵守”。例如： As a s

5、tudent, you shouldnt break school rules.作為學生，你不該違反學校規則。【拓展】(1) break down 意為“(機器)壞了”。例如： We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down. 我們很抱歉到晚了，因為車拋錨了。（2）break into 表示“破門而入”。例如： I caught two men trying to break into the office. 我瞧見兩個人想闖入我的辦公室。(3）break out 表示“（戰爭、瘟疫、火災等）爆發”。例如：World War II

6、 broke out in September 1939. 第二次世界大戰爆發于1939年9月。 4. hurt（1）hurt作及物動詞，意為“使受傷，使弄痛”，過去分詞和過去式都是hurt。例如：He hurt his right knee. 他傷了右膝。I hope you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你沒有受傷。(2) hurt 既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。例如： You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat. 你說她胖，傷害了她的感情了。I dont mean to hurt you. 我并非有意

7、傷害你。（3）hurt作不及物動詞，意為“疼痛”。例如： My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路時腳疼。 I caught a cold and my head hurt. 我感冒了而且頭痛。5. free free作及物動詞，意為“使自由”。例如： Can you free me for half an hour？ 你能讓我自由一個小時嗎？【拓展】（1）free作形容詞，表示“自由的；空閑的”。例如：You are free to ask questions. 你可以請隨便問。Are you free tomorrow？你有空嗎？ （2）free還可作“免費的”。例如：A

8、re the drinks free? 這飲料是免費的嗎? The books are given away free. 這些書是免費贈送的。（3）free的副詞freely可表示“自由地，隨便地等”，可位于動詞之前或之后。例如：You may speak freely. 你可以直言。He could write freely about it now. 他可以自由地寫這個事了。6. mean（1）mean作及物動詞，表示“打算，意味著”，后接名詞，動詞不定式短語或從句。例如： The red light means “Stop”. 紅燈表示停止。 I mean to go shopping.

9、 我的意思是去購物。The sign means that the road is blocked. 這個標志表示此路不通。 （2）mean的名詞形式是“meaning”，表示“意思、含義”。例如： Whats the meaning of the word？ 這個單詞的是什么意思？（3）What do / did you mean by.? 該句型的意思是“你是什么意思?” 例如： What do you mean by acting like this? 你這樣做是什么意思? 7. lie lie是動詞，意為“躺”，過去式和過去分詞分別為lay和lain，現在分詞為lying。例如： I

10、found he was lying on the ground. 我發現他躺在地上。 【拓展】 (1) lie有“位于”的意思。例如： A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺廟位于山頂之上。(2) lie作動詞時，也可意為“撒謊”，過去式和過去分詞是規則的，均為lied。lie也可用作名詞，意為“謊言”。例如： Dont lie to me.不要向我撒謊。 The boy told a lie to me. 這個男孩向我撒了謊。原形詞義過去式過去分詞現在分詞lie躺；位于laylainlyinglie說謊liedliedlying (3)英

11、語中，部分以-ie結尾的動詞的-ing形式必須改ie為y再加-ing。例如： die dying tie tying lie lying8. breathebreathe可以作不及物動詞也可以作及物動詞，意為“呼吸”。例如：The old man is breathing hard.這位老人呼吸困難。Its good to breathe fresh air. 呼吸新鮮空氣有好處。【拓展】辨析breathe和breath這兩個詞都是表示“呼吸”的意思，但詞性不同。breath 是名詞；breathe 是動詞。例如：He has run himself out of breath他跑得上氣不接下

12、氣。Its healthy to breathe deeply in the morning早上做深呼吸對身體有益。breath的常用短語： take a deep breath 深呼吸；out of breath上氣不接下氣9. ourselvesourselves是反身代詞，意為“我們自己”。表示“某人自己”的代詞，叫反身代詞，也叫自身代詞。反身代詞在句子中可以作賓語、表語和同位語，需要注意反身代詞與所指代的名詞或代詞在人稱、性別和數上保持一致。反身代詞的構成是：第一人稱和第二人稱是“形容詞性物主代詞-self/selves”。例如：myself（我自己），ourselves（我們自己），

13、yourself（你自己），yourselves（你們自己）第三人稱是“賓格代詞-self/selves”；單數形式是加-self，復數形式是加-selves。例如：himself（他自己），herself（她自己），itself（它自己），themselves（他們自己）注意：對于單數人稱的反身代詞加-self,對于復數人稱的反身代詞加-selves。常用短語有：by oneself 某人獨自 enjoy oneselfhave a good time 玩得開心teach oneself 自學 help oneself to 隨便吃、喝dress oneself 自己穿衣服 hurt one

14、self 傷了自己詞匯精練I. 英漢詞組互譯。1. have a cold _ 2. 量體溫_3. to ones surprise_ 4. 同意做某事_ 5. be used to doing sth. _ 6. 看醫生_7. run out of_ 8. 下車_ 9. thanks to _ 10. 及時_ II. 根據漢語或首字母提示補全句子。1. Do you_ (介意) if I open the window？2Be careful，not to _(受傷) yourself3Tom is in a difficult s_4I have made a d_ about my st

15、udy goal for the new term5We should look after o_ when we are alone at home 6If you have a fever，you s_ lie down and rest7I have a _（牙疼），so I want to see a dentist(牙醫) 8They retire(退休) and have a lot of f_ timeIII. 從括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1Its hard to make a _(decide) now 2Is she used to _(walk) after suppe

16、r? 3The _(die) of her lovely cat makes her sad 4As time goes by，we can realize the _(important) of love 5_ he _(have) a sore back? 6He should _(have) some hot water7Look! A dog _(lie) at the door 8We are _(surprise) at the news 9He kept on _(work) though his leg hurt 10No one can be successful _(wit

17、h) hard work IV. 聽力鏈接。（2015年蘭州中考）聽句子，選擇與所聽內容相符的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。A B CDE1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_【參考答案】I. 英漢詞組互譯。1.感冒 2.take ones temperature 3.使某人吃驚 4.agree to do sth.5.習慣于做 6.go to see a doctor 7.用盡；耗盡 8.get off9. 多虧；由于 10. in timeII. 根據漢語或首字母提示補全句子。1.mind 2.hurt 3. situation 4. decision 5. ourselves 6. should 7. t

18、oothache 8. freeIII.從括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. decision 2.walking 3. death 4.importance 5. Does，have 6. have 7. is lying 8.surprised 9. working 10. withoutIV. 聽力鏈接。1-5 CDABE聽力材料：第一節 聽句子，選擇與所聽內容相符的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。1It was rainy last night2Look at the baby monkeysTheyre very cute3There is something wrong with his h

19、eart4My cousin likes playing the piano5The girl crossed her arms，so it seemed that she wasnt interested in the conversation句式精講1. Whats the matter？ Whats the matter?和Whats wrong?是用來詢問對方出了什么毛病或問題，意為“怎么了？”，是醫生詢問病人病情時的常用語。例如： Whats the matter? 你怎么了？I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。Whats wrong, Tom? Tom怎么了？I d

20、ont feel very well. 我感覺不太舒服。【拓展】 Whats the matter?和Whats wrong?后可接with sb. / sth.，即Whats the matter with sb./ sth.?或Whats wrong with sb./sth.?意為“某人/某物怎么了？”例如： Whats the matter with you? = Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？Whats wrong / Whats the matter with your leg? 你的腿怎么了？Nothing. 沒什么。注意：matter是名詞，其前只能加定

21、冠詞the；wrong是形容詞，前面不需要加任何冠詞。不能說Whats your wrong? 和Whats your matter?2. What should she do？She should take her temperature.should作情態動詞，意為“應當，應該”。表示義務、責任，可用于各種人稱，無人稱和數的變化，也不能單獨作謂語，只能和主要動詞一起構成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情態；否定形式為should not，縮寫為shouldnt。其主要用法有： (1) 表示責任和義務，意為“應該”。例如： You should take your teachers advice.

22、你應該聽從你老師的建議。 You shouldnt be late for class. 你不應該上課遲到。 (2) 表示推斷，意為“可能，該”。例如： The train should have already left. 火車可能已經離開了。3. But to his surprise，they all agreed to go with him.(1) surprise作動詞時，意為“使驚奇，使感到意外、吃驚”。例如： What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外？ (2) surprise作不可數名詞時，表示“驚奇，驚異”。例如： Her face showed surp

23、rise at the news. 聽到這個消息，她的臉上露出了驚奇的表情。（3) surprise作可數名詞時，表示“驚奇、驚訝、意外的事或吃驚的事”。例如： He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。（4）作名詞用時常可構成如下短語： to ones surprise意為“使某人吃驚的是”；in surprise意為“吃驚地 ”。例如： To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃驚是，他竟然通過了考試。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃驚地望著我。4. He wa

24、s not ready to die that day.（1）ready 作形容詞，意為“準備好的”。例如： Is everything ready? 一切都準備好了嗎？ Are you ready? 你準備好了嗎？（2）be/get ready to + 動詞原形，意為“準備做”。例如：Im getting ready to travel. 我正準備去旅行。【拓展】be ready for意為“準備去”，后接名詞或動名詞，同義短語為get ready for。例如：Im ready for bed. 我正準備睡覺。The chicken will soon be ready for the

25、pot. 這些雞肉很快就可以準備下鍋了。5. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesnt mind taking risks.mind作及物動詞，意為“介意、照料、留神、注意”。常用于疑問句、否定句、條件句中，后面接名詞、代詞、動詞-ing形式或從句。例如： Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打開窗戶嗎？ Dont mind me.不要管我。【拓展】mind還可作名詞，意為“智力、頭腦、想法、意見”。例如： He has quick mind. 他頭腦敏銳。 Tom changed his mind at last.

26、 最后Tom改變了主意。句式精練I. 按括號中的要求改寫句子。1. We had a good time in the park yesterday. (同義句轉換)We _ _ in the park yesterday.2. Sleeping eight hours a night is very important. (同義句轉換)_ very important _ _ eight hours a night.3. Its important that we should eat a balanced diet. (同義句轉換) Its important _ _ _ _ a bala

27、nced diet.4. Whats the matter with you? (同義句轉換)Whats _ _ you?5. I think I have a cold. (改為否定句)I _ _ I _ a cold.6. She has a toothache. (對劃線部分提問)_ the _ _ her?7. My head hurts. (同義句轉換)I _ a _.8. There is a tall building in front of my house. (同義句轉換)A tall building _ in front of my house.9. He need no

28、t return the book three days ago. (同義句轉換)He _ _ _ return the book three days ago.10. I hope to buy a present for my mother with my own money. (同義句轉換)I hope _ I _ _ a present for my mother with my own money.II.根據漢語提示完成下列句子。1. 你的手表怎么了？ 它不走了。 _ _ _ your watch? Its doesnt work. 2. 多吃蔬菜和水果對我們來說是必要的。 Its

29、necessary _ us _ _ more fruit and vegetables. 3. 那個男孩喜歡用英語和別人說話。 The boy _ _ _ others in English. 4. 你怎么了？ 我牙疼。 _ _ _? I have a _. 5. 你看上去氣色不好，請躺下休息一下吧。 You dont look _. Please _ _ and have a rest. 6. 你應該幫助你母親做家務。 You _ _ your mother _ the housework.7. 你介意調低音樂嗎？Would you _ _ _the music? 8. 所有學生在為運動會

30、做準備。All the students _ _ _ _the sports meeting.III. 補全對話。（2014年黑龍江龍東市中考）Choose the best choice from A to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should be used only once.A: Hi, Peter. I see you wearing a pair of glasses. But you didnt wear it before, did you?B: (1) But Im afr

31、aid I have to wear it now.A: (2) B: Because I get screen sightedness（近視癥）and (3) A: (4) What happened?B: My doctor said that I watched movies or played games on my iPad quite a lot. I suggest you not to do that like me.A: (5) Peter.B: Youre welcome.A. Why? B. Im sorry to hear that.C. No, I didnt. D.

32、 Thank you for your advice.E. Yes, I did. F. I cant see things clearly.1 2 3 4 5 【參考答案】I. 按括號中的要求改寫句子。1. enjoyed ourselves 2. Its; to sleep 3. for us to eat 4. wrong with 5. dont think; have 6. Whats; matter with 7. have; headache 8. lies 9. didnt need to 10. that; can buyII.根據漢語提示完成下列句子。1. Whats wr

33、ong with 2. for; to eat 3. enjoys/likes talking with/to 4. Whats the matter; toothache 5. well; lie down 6. should help; with/do 7.mind turning down 8. are getting ready forIII. 補全對話。15 CAFBDUnit 1 Whats the matter？綜合能力演練【鞏固練習】I. 單項選擇。1. _ the matter with you ? I have a sore back.A. Whats B. Hows C.

34、 Wheres D. Whens2. Do you think I should see a dentist? Yes, I think _.A. not B. no C. so D. it3. I have a sore throat. You should _ down and rest.A. to lie B. lie C. lying D. lied4. My uncle isnt _ at the moment.A. feel well B. feeling well C. feeling good D. feel good5. We shouldnt eat _ junk food

35、.A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too6. My mother is ill. _A. OK. B. Too bad. C. Thank you. D. Im sorry to hear it.7. Its important _ in good health.A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps8. The boy needs _ more English conversations.A. practice B. practices C. to practice D. practicing9.

36、I did my homework _ 12 oclock last night. A. when B. until C. becauseofD. while10. What would you like? Id like some water _ honey in it.A.with B. in C.of D. on11I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed _ at the dancing party Amyself Bhimself Cherself Dthemselves12Emma failed her examsI think she

37、should work harder I agree_ she does，shell get good grades AIf BBecause CBefore DThough13I had a hard time with math and I wasnt _ to get the bad report from my math teacher Asure Bsurprised Cexcited Dinterested14I didnt _ my temperature，but I knew I had a fever Agive Bset Ctake Dshow15They agreed _

38、 to a picnic on a sunny dayAwent Bgoing Cto go Dgo真題鏈接1. The movie is so interesting that I dont seeing it again tomorrow. （2015年山東青島中考）A. enjoyB. mindC. keepD. finish2.Has Jane done the washing yet? （2015年江蘇蘇州中考）You cannot her to do such a thing.A. wantB. hopeC. expect D. wish3. Steven, we should _

39、 the bus at the next stop. （2014年河北省中考）A. get upB. get offC. get toD. get inII. 完形填空。 Mr. Johnson was having trouble with his stomach, 1 he went to see a doctor. The doctor 2 his stomach carefully, but couldnt find any problem. Then he said,“Well, Mr. Johnson, take it easy. There is 3 serious(嚴重). S

40、top smoking and then you will be all right very 4 .” “But doctor,” answered Mr. Johnson, “I 5 . I dont like smoking at all.” “Oh, I see,” said the doctor, “then stop drinking wine(酒) 6 .” “ But I dont drink wine,” answered Mr. Johnson. “Dont drink 7 tea or coffee then,” the doctor said to him.“I 8 d

41、rink water,” answered Mr. Johnson, “I dont like tea or coffee.” The doctor 9 for a while and then said,“Well, what do you like to eat then?” “Potatoes! I like potatoes very much.” Mr. Johnson answered at once. “All right, then stop 10 potatoes.” Said the doctor as he got up to say goodbye to Mr. Joh

42、nson.1. A. so B. butC. orD. for2. A. looked forB. looked at C. looked over D. looked after3. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything4. A. earlyB. soon C. lateD. much5. A. often smoked B. never smoked C. always smoked D. usually smoked6. A. from now on B. from then on C. until now D. until

43、today7. A. any B. many C. someD. a few8. A. never B. onlyC. dont D. hardly9. A. thinks B. thought C. is thinking D. think10. A. cutting B. buying C. washing D. eatingIII. 閱讀理解。 AFood is very important. Everyone needs to eat well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of

44、 food. This kind of food is knowledge. We begin to get knowledge even when we are very young. Small children are interested in everything around them. They learn something when they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to read story books, science books and something e

45、lse they like. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and try to find out answers.What is the best way to get knowledge? If we learn by ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are always getting answers from others and do not ask why. We will never learn well. When we stud

46、y in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.1. Everyone needs to eat _ well if he or she wants to have a strong body.A. apples B. bread C. water D. food2. Our minds need _.A. food B. air C. blood D. knowledge3. Small children are interested in _.A. everything around themB. something

47、 around themC. anything about themD. nothing about them4. _ is the best way to get knowledge.A. Getting answers from othersB. Learning by ourselvesC. Not asking whyD. Asking our teacher5. How can we understand better?A. We learn more.B. We read books.C. We study in the right way.D. We find out answe

48、rs. B 請根據短文內容，判斷各句的正誤（T/F）。During the day we work and play, at night we sleep. Our body rests while we sleep. In the morning we are ready to work and play again. Our body grows most while we are asleep.Children who are tired usually need more sleep. We can get at our lessons better, after we have ha

49、d plenty of rest. Boys and girls who are eight or nine years old need ten hours of sleep every night. Our body needs plenty of air when we sleep. If we dont get enough fresh air, we will feel tired when we wake up. While in bed we must not cover our heads. Our lungs need to get enough fresh air. If

50、we open our windows at night a little, we can have plenty of fresh air. Cool air is better than warm air. Boys and girls who want to be strong must get plenty of fresh air.6. Our body grows most while we are eating. （ ）7. Children will have lessons well if they get plenty of rest. （ ）8. When childre

51、n are tired, they need to go to bed for rest. （ ）9. Children who are nine years old need 10 hours of sleep every night. （ ）10. Warm air is better than cool air for children. （ ）C（2014年河南省中考）Your parents might not realize how important their health is to you. Now its your chance to let them know!Thin

52、k about it before starting.Before you talk with your parents, it helps to get clear on what you want them to do. _11_ Get more exercise? Get more sleep? If you want a parent to lose weight, youd better find out the disadvantage of being heavy and how great they will feel after eating healthy food or

53、 exercising more._12_Pick a moment when everyones relaxed and theres time to talk. Say something like: “Dad, I care about your health and I worry youre so busy that you dont have time for exercise.” Let parents know you are willing to make the change yourself. For example, say youd be willing to wal

54、k together after dinner.Come up with a plan togetherHas your mom or dad agreed to your ideas? Well done! Lets say the change your mom or dad agreed to is eating healthier food. _13_ Examples are: Ill eat five fruits every day. Ill eat breakfast every morning.Show your encouragement and understanding

55、Its normal if your parents fail at first. If parents want to give up, encourage them to keep going. If youre making a change together, you can say, “Well, Im sorry. Lets start fresh and go on with our plan tomorrow.” _14_ Let your parents know you love and care about them for what theyre doing and t

56、hat it means a lot to you.What if a parent says No?If parents dont follow your ideas, ask them (gently): “Could you at least think about it for me?” _15_How many times have you pushed back on something they asked you to do, but then later thought more about it?Soon youll be grown and out of the hous

57、e. Heres your chance to set your parents on the right way.根據材料內容，選出最佳選項。A. Then give them a little time to consider.B. Do you want a parent to eat better?C. Work together to plan what they and you will do.D. Offer your praise!E. Talk to parents the same way youd like them to talk to you.IV. 書面表達。根據圖

58、示，請你寫一篇短文，談談如何才能保持健康。 要求：詞數80左右。短文開頭已給出，不計入總詞數。 How to be healthy All of us want to be healthy._ 答案與解析：I.單項選擇。1. A。Whats the matter with you? 習慣用語，“你怎么了？”2. C。A、B項與Yes相矛盾；I think so.為口語，意為“我認為是這樣”。3. B。should后接動詞原形。4. B。feeling well，well作形容詞，意為“身體健康的”。前面有be動詞，故用feeling。5. B。too much和too many都表示許多。 t

59、oo much后接不可數名詞，too many后接可數名詞復數。much too 后接形容詞。6. D。考查交際用語。“Im sorry to hear it.”表示“聽到這個我很難過”。7. C。 本題考查固定句型Its+形容詞+for sb.+ to do sth.，表示“做某事多于某人怎么樣”。8. C。這里need是行為動詞，need to do sth.意為“需要做某事”。9. B。根據句意“昨晚我寫作業寫到12點。”可知應該選until，until在此是介詞，意為“直到為止”。10. A。some water with honey意為“加蜂蜜的水”，這里的with表示“含有，帶有”

60、。11D。enjoy oneself意為“玩得開心”。由前面的Peter and his sister Sally可知，此處應為第三人稱復數的反身代詞themselves，故選D項。12A。if當“如果”講，引導條件狀語從句，當“是否”講，引導賓語從句；because“因為”，引導原因狀語從句；before“在之前”，引導時間狀語從句；though“雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句。由答語句意“我同意。如果她努力學習的話，她會取得好成績的”可知A項符合題意。13B。前一句意為“我在學習數學上有困難”，所以后面“收到數學老師的不好的報告”應該是“我”預料之中的事。由此可知答案為B項。14C。take o