1、驚蟄Awakening of Insects目錄 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc94430328 驚蟄Awakening of Insects PAGEREF _Toc94430328 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430329 一、驚蟄節氣 PAGEREF _Toc94430329 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430330 Awakening of Insects PAGEREF _Toc94430330 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430331 由來 PAGEREF _Toc94430331 h 3 HYPER

2、LINK l _Toc94430332 二、驚蟄氣候 PAGEREF _Toc94430332 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430333 Spring ploughing PAGEREF _Toc94430333 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430334 Spring thunder cracks the sky PAGEREF _Toc94430334 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430335 三、驚蟄風俗 PAGEREF _Toc94430335 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430336 1.驚蟄吃梨 PAGEREF _Toc

3、94430336 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430337 Eating pears PAGEREF _Toc94430337 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430338 2.祭白虎化解是非 PAGEREF _Toc94430338 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430339 Offering sacrifices to the white tiger PAGEREF _Toc94430339 h 6 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430340 3.蒙鼓皮 PAGEREF _Toc94430340 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc944

4、30341 4. “打小人”驅趕霉 PAGEREF _Toc94430341 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430342 Beating villains PAGEREF _Toc94430342 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430343 A good time for fishing PAGEREF _Toc94430343 h 8 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430344 5、飲食 PAGEREF _Toc94430344 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430345 四、相關文學 PAGEREF _Toc94430345 h 9 HYPE

5、RLINK l _Toc94430346 農諺 PAGEREF _Toc94430346 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430347 有懷正仲還雁峰詩【作者：舒岳祥】 PAGEREF _Toc94430347 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430348 春晴泛舟【作者：陸游】 PAGEREF _Toc94430348 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430349 菩薩蠻【作者：蕭漢杰】 PAGEREF _Toc94430349 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430350 觀田家【作者：韋應物】 PAGEREF _Toc94430350

6、 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430351 義雀行和朱評事(唐)賈島 PAGEREF _Toc94430351 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430352 驚蟄家人子輩為易疏簾 范成大 PAGEREF _Toc94430352 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc94430353 游玉泉 朱翌 PAGEREF _Toc94430353 h 11一、驚蟄節氣驚蟄，古稱“啟蟄”，是二十四節氣中的第三個節氣，標志著仲春時節的開始；太陽到達黃經345時。古代分驚蟄為三候：“一候桃始華；二候倉庚（黃鸝）鳴；三候鷹化為鳩。”驚蟄三候所代表的花信為：“一候桃花，二候杏

7、花，三候薔薇。”該節氣在歷史上也曾被稱為“啟蟄”。夏小正曰：“正月啟蟄”。在現今的漢字文化圈中，日本仍然使用“啟蟄”這個名稱。Awakening of InsectsThe traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Awakening of Insects (Chinese: 驚蟄) falls on March 5 and ends on March 19 this year.Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and in

8、creased rainfall. As the third solar term in the lunar year, its name alludes to the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.由來驚蟄在歷史上也曾被稱為“啟蟄”。夏小正曰：“正月啟蟄”。在現今的漢字文化圈中，日本仍然

9、使用“啟蟄”這個名稱。漢朝第六代皇帝漢景帝的諱為“啟”，為了避諱而將“啟”改為了意思相近的“驚”字。同時，孟春正月的驚蟄與仲春二月節的“雨水”的順序也被置換。同樣的，“谷雨”與“清明”的順次也被置換。漢初以前立春啟蟄雨水春分谷雨清明；漢景帝代立春雨水驚蟄春分清明谷雨；進入唐代以后，“啟”字的避諱已無必要，“啟蟄”的名稱又重新被使用。但由于也有不用慣的原因，大衍歷再次使用了“驚蟄”一詞，并沿用至今。二、驚蟄氣候“春雷響，萬物長”，驚蟄時節正是大好的“九九”艷陽天，氣溫回升，雨水增多，農家無閑。可謂左河水之“一聲霹靂醒蛇蟲，幾陣瀟瀟染紫紅。九九江南風送暖，融融翠野啟春耕。”這時，我國早已是一派融融

10、的春光了。Spring ploughingThe Awakening of Insects is an extremely important time for farmers and is widely seen as the beginning of the busiest time for agricultural work. During this period, most parts of China experience the quickest rise in temperatures, with the average level reaching above 10 degre

11、es Celsius, and there is a marked increase in sunshine, which provides good natural conditions for farming.Old Chinese sayings such as once the Awakening of Insects comes, spring ploughing never rests reveal the importance of this term to farmers.“春雷驚百蟲”，溫暖的氣候條件卻利于多種病蟲害的發生和蔓延，田間雜草也相繼萌發，應及時搞好病蟲害防治和中耕

12、除草。“桃花開，豬瘟來”，家禽家畜的防疫也要引起重視了。這時，氣溫回升較快，長江流域大部地區已漸有春雷。我國南方大部分地區，常年雨水、驚蟄亦可聞春雷初鳴；而華北西北部除了個別年份以外，一般要到清明才有雷聲。驚蟄雷鳴最引人注意。如“未過驚蟄先打雷，四十九天云不開”。驚蟄節氣正處乍寒乍暖之際，根據冷暖預測后期天氣的諺語有：“冷驚蟄，暖春分”等。驚蟄節的風也有用來作預測后期天氣的依據。如“驚蟄刮北風，從頭另過冬”、驚蟄吹南風，秧苗遲下種。Spring thunder cracks the skyThe spring thunder is most noticeable during the Awak

13、ening of Insects solar term. An old Chinese saying goes: If the first spring thunder crashes before the Awakening of Insects solar term, there will be abnormal weather that year. The Awakening of Insects falls after the end of winter and before the beginning of spring. Wind during this period is an

14、important factor in weather forecasting.Modern meteorological science shows that around the Awakening of Insects, the earth becomes humid and the hot air near the surface rises; meanwhile, the hot humid air from the north is strong and creates frequent winds. For this reason, thunder occurs in this

15、period. China covers a large range of latitudes from north to south, so the first spring thunder appears at different times in different areas.三、驚蟄風俗1.驚蟄吃梨在民間素有“驚蟄吃梨”的習俗。驚蟄吃梨源于何時，無跡可尋，傳說聞名海內的晉商渠家，用上黨的潞麻與梨倒換祁縣的粗布、紅棗，往返兩地間從中贏利，渠百川走西口經商致富。后來走西口者也仿效吃梨，多有“離家創業”之意，再后來驚蟄日也吃梨，亦有“努力榮祖”之念。Eating pearsEating p

16、ears around the Awakening of Insects is a widely-practiced custom in China. As the weather gets warmer and the air becomes dry, people tend to feel their mouths are parched and tongues dry, which can cause colds or coughs. A pear is sweet, juicy and cold, moistening the lungs to arrest a cough. Ther

17、efore, pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insect2.祭白虎化解是非中國的民間傳說白虎是口舌、是非之神，每年都會在這天出來覓食，開口噬人，犯之則在這年之內，拜祭時，需以肥豬血喂之，使其吃飽后不再出口傷人，繼而以生豬肉抹在紙老虎的嘴上，使之充滿油水，不能張口說人是非。Offering sacrifices to the white tigerAccording to ancient Chinese folklore, a white tiger is the creature that brings quarrel

18、s and disputes. It always begins hunting during the Awakening of Insects, and sometimes bites people. It is said that those bitten by a white tiger will encounter evil villains in their life that bring obstructions and bad luck. Therefore people offer sacrifices to the white tiger during the Awakeni

19、ng of Insects to protect themselves.When practicing this old custom, people draw the white tiger on paper, and then smear pigs blood and pork on its mouth. This means the tiger is fed so that it would not bite people, avoiding bad luck and conflict.3.蒙鼓皮驚蟄是雷聲引起的。古人想象雷神是位鳥嘴人身，長了翅膀的大神，一手持錘，一手連擊環繞周身的許多

20、天鼓，發出隆隆的雷聲。萬物之靈的人類也要順應天時，凡事才能達到事半功倍之效。4. “打小人”驅趕霉每年驚蟄那天都會出現一個有趣的場景：婦人一邊用木拖鞋拍打紙公仔，一邊口中念念有詞地念：“打你個小人頭，打到你有氣冇定抖，打到你食親野都嘔”的打小人咒語。Beating villainsVillain hitting originated in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and its a folk ritual popular in Guangdong and Hong Kong. The custom is practiced during the Awakening

21、 of Insects to expel the villain and to bring good luck. People often assign a specific witch (usually an elderly woman) to beat the villains. They use paper cut in the shape of humans to represent villains in their lives and the witch would use shoes or other tools to hit the paper to expel bad luc

22、k.In Hong Kong, the Swan neck bridge between Causeway Bay and Wan Chai has become a popular place for people to beat villains.A good time for fishingAround the Awakening of Insects, hibernating animals wake up, and so do fish. They swim from deep water to shallow water in search of food, mating and

23、bearing young. It is a good time for fishing.Fishing can provide mental and physical relaxation, especially for people living in the city. Driving to the suburbs, fishing in a lake, bathing in the sunlight, enjoying the singing birds, fragrant flowers and waving willows make for a perfect weekend in spring.5、飲食黃帝內經曰:春三月，此謂發陳。天地俱生，萬物以榮。夜臥早行，廣步于庭，披發緩行，以便生志。其意是，春季萬物復蘇，應該晚睡早起，散步緩行，可以使精神愉悅、身體健康。這概括了驚蟄養生在起居方面的基點要點。驚蟄過后萬物復蘇，是春暖花開的季節，同時卻也是各種病毒和細菌活躍的季節。驚蟄時節人體的肝陽之氣漸升，陰血相對不足，養生應順乎陽氣的升發、萬物始生的特點，使自身的精神、情志、氣血也如春日一樣舒展暢達，生機盎然。從飲食方面來看，驚蟄時節飲食起居應順肝之性，助益脾氣，令五臟和平。宜多吃富含植物蛋白質、維生素的清淡食物，少食動物脂肪類食物。可多食鴨血、菠菜、蘆薈、水蘿