1、Designation:A358/A358M01名稱:A358/A358M-01AnAmericanNationalStandardUsedinUSDOE-NEStandards美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用于USDOE_NE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)StandardSpecificationforElectric-Fusion-WeldedAusteniticChromium-NickelAlloySteelPipeforHigh-TemperatureService1高溫用電熔焊奧氏體鉻鎳合金鋼管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA358/A358M;thenumb

2、erimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以固定名稱A358/A358M發(fā)布，緊隨名稱之后的數(shù)字，表示采用本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的年份或上次修改本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的年

3、份。上方的希臘字母(e)表示上一次再版或?qū)徍说陌娲巫兓?。Scope范圍Thisspecification2coverselectric-fusion-weldedausteniticchromium-nickelalloysteelpipesuitableforcorrosiveorhigh-temperatureservice，orboth.此規(guī)范適用于腐蝕環(huán)境或高溫環(huán)境的電熔焊奧氏體鉻鎳合金鋼管。NOTE1ThedimensionlessdesignatorNPS(nominalpipesize)hasbeensubstitutedinthisstandardforsuchtraditio

4、naltermsas“nominaldiameter,”“size,”and“nominalsize.”注1-無量綱符號NPS(名義鋼管尺寸)在此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中替換為傳統(tǒng)的術(shù)語“名義直徑”“尺寸”和“標(biāo)稱尺寸”ThisspecificationcoversnineteengradesofalloysteelasindicatedinTable1.Theselectionoftheproperalloyandrequirementsforheattreatmentshallbeatthediscretionofthepurchaser，dependentontheserviceconditionstob

5、eencountered.此規(guī)范包含圖表1中19個級別的合金鋼。根據(jù)使用條件，買方應(yīng)慎重選擇合適的合金鋼，和正確的熱處理程序。Fiveclassesofpipearecoveredasfollows:下列包括5種類別的鋼管Class1Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbecompletelyradiographed.1類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬的雙面焊，并完全經(jīng)過射線檢查。Class2Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillerm

6、etalinallpasses.Noradiographyisrequired.類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬的雙面焊，不需要射線檢查。Class3Pipeshallbesingleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbecompletelyradiographed.類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬單面焊，并完全經(jīng)過射線檢查。Class4SameasClass3exceptthattheweldpassexposedtotheinsidepipesurfacemaybemadewithouttheadditionoffiller

7、metal(seeand).類和三類相同，只是焊道暴露于鋼管內(nèi)壁，可能沒有填加填充金屬。Class5Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbespotradiographed.類鋼管采用所有焊道金屬填充的雙面焊，應(yīng)進行缺陷射線檢測1.4Supplementaryrequirementscoveringprovisionsrangingfromadditionaltestingtoformalizedproceduresformanufacturingpracticeareprovided

8、.SupplementaryRequirementsS1throughS6areincludedasoptionstobespecifiedwhendesired.提供了補充要求，包括附加測試到生產(chǎn)實踐的正規(guī)程序等條款。作為詳細(xì)說明的選項，補充說明S1-S6也包括在內(nèi)。Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunitsareshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenotexacte

9、quivalents;therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththespecification.Theinch-poundunitsshallapplyunlessthe“M”designationofthisspecificationisspecifiedintheorder.本文中所述的值或以英寸磅為單位，或采用國際單位，應(yīng)作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分對待。在本文中，國際單位在括號內(nèi)表示。各系統(tǒng)所表示的數(shù)值不完全相等，

10、所以每一系統(tǒng)必須區(qū)別于另一系統(tǒng)單獨使用。兩個系統(tǒng)的數(shù)值混在一起使用會導(dǎo)致規(guī)范的不一致。應(yīng)采用英寸磅單位，除非在順序上指定M為首選。ReferencedDocuments參考資料ASTMStandards:ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A240/A240MSpecificationforHeat-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelStainlessSteelPlate,Sheet,andStripforPressureVessels注3A240/A240M壓力容器用耐熱鉻及鉻鎳不銹鋼板，薄板和帶材A262PracticesforDetectingSusceptibilityt

11、oIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels注3A262奧氏體不銹鋼晶間浸蝕敏感度檢測的應(yīng)用A480/A480MSpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforFlat-RolledStainlessandHeat-ResistingSteelPlate,Sheet,andStrip3A480、A480M平面軋輥不銹鋼和耐熱鋼板材、薄板和帶材一般要求的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,RelatedAlloys,andFerroalloys4A941鋼

12、，不銹鋼,相關(guān)合金和鐵合金術(shù)語A999/A999MSpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforAlloyandStainlessSteelPipe4A999/A999M合金和不銹鋼管的一般要求規(guī)范。E527PracticeforNumberingMetalsandAlloys(UNS)4E527金屬及合金編號(統(tǒng)一編號系統(tǒng))ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode:SectionI,WeldingandBrazingQualifications5SectionIX,WeldingQualifications5ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則AWS

13、Specifications:6美國焊接學(xué)會規(guī)范A5.22FluxCoredArcWelding管狀焊絲電弧焊A5.30ConsumableWeldInsertsforGasTungstenArcWelding鎢極氣體電弧焊A5.4Corrosion-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelSteelCoveredWeldingElectrodes耐腐蝕鉻及鉻鎳鋼覆蓋焊條A5.9Corrosion-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelSteelWeldingRodsandBareElectrodes耐腐蝕鉻及鉻鎳鋼焊條和裸焊條A5

14、.11NickelandNickel-AlloyCoveredWeldingElectrodes鎳和鎳合金包裹焊條A5.14NickelandNickel-AlloyBareWeldingRodsandElectrodes鎳和鎳合金裸焊條OtherStandard:其它標(biāo)準(zhǔn)注：ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteel,andRelatedAlloys,andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.10onStainlessandAl

15、loySteelTubularProducts.此規(guī)范歸屬于鋼，不銹鋼及相關(guān)合金ASTMA01委員會，不銹鋼以及合金鋼管材產(chǎn)品則歸屬于A01.10小組委員會。CurrenteditionapprovedMar.10,2001.PublishedMay2001.OriginallypublishedasA35852T.LastpreviouseditionA358/A358M00.當(dāng)前版本核準(zhǔn)于2001年3月10日。2001年5月發(fā)行。原版本為A358-52T。此前最后一次版本為A358A358M-00ForASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCodeapplicationss

16、eerelatedSpecificationsSA-358inSectionIIofthatCode.對于ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用請見相關(guān)規(guī)范。AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.03.ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)年刊，01,03卷AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.01.ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)年刊，01,01卷AvailablefromASMEInternational,ThreeParkAvenue,NewYork,NY10016-990.紐約三公園大道ASME國際10016-5990有售。AmericanWeldingSociety,550LeJeu

17、neRoad,P.O.Box351040,Miami,FL33135.美國焊接學(xué)會，佛羅里達(dá)州，邁阿密，Lejeune路550號，351040信箱Copyright.ASTM,100BarrHarborDrive,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.著作權(quán)美國，巴拿馬州，西康舍霍肯，港口大道100號，電話19428-2959COPYRIGHTAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialsLicensedbyInformationHandlingServices著作權(quán)美國材料與試驗協(xié)會信息處理部許可。原件第一頁結(jié)束TA

18、BLE1PlateandFillerMetalSpecifications表格1板材和填充金屬規(guī)范圖詳見原圖圖下注釋：ANewdesignationestablishedinaccordancewithASTME527andSAEJ1086.新的名稱根據(jù)ASTM527和SAEJ1086標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建立。BChoiceofAmericanWeldingSocietyspecificationdependsontheweldingprocessused.選擇美國焊接學(xué)會的規(guī)范應(yīng)根據(jù)使用的焊接工藝。CInpreviouseditions,S30600wasincorrectlyshownasS01815.在

19、之前版本，S30600被錯誤的顯示為S01815SAEJ1086PracticeforNumberingMetalsandAlloys(UNS)注7SAEJ1086金屬和合金編號的應(yīng)用(統(tǒng)一編號系統(tǒng))。Terminology術(shù)語Definitions:定義ThedefinitionsinSpecificationA999/A999MandTerminologyA941areapplicabletothisspecification.A999和A999M規(guī)范中的定義可以應(yīng)用于此規(guī)范。OrderingInformation訂貨信息Ordersformaterialunderthisspecific

20、ationshouldincludethefollowing,asrequired,todescribethedesiredmaterialadequately:在此規(guī)范下訂購材料應(yīng)按要求包含如下信息以充分描述所需材料。Quantity(feet,metres,ornumberoflengths),數(shù)量(英尺，米，或者長度的數(shù)量)注釋AvailablefromSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers,400CommonwealthDrive,Warrendale,PA15096.巴拿馬州，沃倫達(dá)市，共富大道400號，郵編15096，汽車工程師協(xié)會有售原件第二頁結(jié)束Nameofm

21、aterial(electric-fusion-weldedpipe),原材料名(電熔焊鋼管)Grade(Table1),級別(表格1)Class(see1.3),級別(見1.3)Size(outsidediameterandnominalwallthickness),(尺寸，外直徑和名義壁厚)Length(specificorrandom),長度(指定或隨機)Endfinish(SectiononEndsofSpecificationA999/A999M)管端的樣式(A999/A999M規(guī)范中管端的切面)Authorizationforrepairofplatedefectsbyweldin

22、gandsubsequentheattreatmentwithoutpriorapprovalifsuchisintended(see9.3),焊接缺陷修補的授權(quán)和在沒有被許可的情況下相應(yīng)的熱處理(見9.3部分)Specificationdesignation,規(guī)范名稱Specialrequirements,特殊要求Statementinvokingrequirementsof16.4ifsuchisintended.16.4部分需要陳述的要求。Circumferentialweldpermissibility(seeSection16),圓周焊接的接受度(見16部分)。Supplementa

23、ryRequirements(S1throughS6),補充要求(S1S6)ApplicableASMECodeifknown,可應(yīng)用的已知的ASME標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ForASMECodeSectionIIIapplications,theserviceclassificationintended,and對于ASME標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第三部分的應(yīng)用，服務(wù)分類，Certificationrequirements(seeSectiononCertificationofSpecificationA999/A999M).認(rèn)證要求(見A999和A999M規(guī)范中關(guān)于認(rèn)證的部分)GeneralRequirements一般要求Mate

24、rialfurnishedtothisspecificationshallconformtotheapplicablerequirementsofthecurrenteditionofSpecificationA999/A999Munlessotherwiseprovidedherein.在此規(guī)范下供應(yīng)的的材料應(yīng)與當(dāng)前版本的A999和A999M規(guī)范適用的要求一致，除非在此另外提供要求。MaterialsandManufacture材料和生產(chǎn)Materials:材料Thesteelplatematerialshallconformtotherequirementsofoneofthegrades

25、ofSpecificationA240/A240M,listedinTable1,exceptasprovidedin.鋼板材料應(yīng)與表格1中所列的A240/A240M規(guī)范中的某一級別的要求一致，6.323所述狀況除外。6.2Welding:焊接Thejointsshallbefullpenetrationdouble-weldedorsingle-weldedbuttjointsemployingfusionweldingprocessesasdefinedunder“Definitions,”ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX.Thisspec

26、ificationmakesnoprovisionforanydifferenceinweldqualityrequirementsregardlessoftheweldjointtypeemployed(singleordouble)inmakingtheweld.Wherebackingringsorstripsareemployed,theringorstripmaterialshallbeofthesameP-Number(TableQW-422ofSectionIX)astheplatebeingjoined.Backingringsorstripsshallbecompletely

27、removedafterwelding,priortoanyrequiredradiography,andtheexposedweldsurfaceshallbeexaminedvisuallyforconformancetotherequirementsof6.2.3.Weldsmadebyproceduresemployingbackingstripsorringswhichremaininplaceareprohibited.Weldingprocedures,andweldingoperatorsshallbequalifiedinaccordancewithASMEBoilerand

28、PressureVesselCode,SectionIX.如ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的定義中所述，焊縫為采用氧炔焊工藝焊透的雙面焊或者單面對接焊。此規(guī)范并未就提出焊接質(zhì)量方面的差異，無論在焊接中采用哪種焊縫類型(單面或者雙面)。焊接時，當(dāng)使用條型襯墊后者環(huán)形襯墊時，所用材料應(yīng)與產(chǎn)品號(Pnumber)(第9章表格QW-422)致。在作任何射線檢測之前，應(yīng)在焊接完成后完全去除環(huán)形襯墊或條型襯墊，并應(yīng)用肉眼檢測裸露的焊接表面是否與6.2.3中要求一致。禁止采用條形襯墊或環(huán)形襯墊并保留在原位置。焊接程序和焊工都應(yīng)具有符合第九章ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的資質(zhì)。Exceptasprovidedina

29、nd,weldsshallbemadeintheirentiretybyprocessesinvolvingthedepositionoffillermetal.除了和的情形，在保證填充金屬沉淀過程的整體性。ForClass4pipeemployingmultiplepasses,theroot-passmaybewithouttheadditionoffillermetal.對于4類管采用多道焊道，根部焊道可以不必添加金屬。ForClass4pipe,theweldsurfaceexposedinsidethepipemayresultfromasinglepassmadefromthein

30、sideofthepipewithouttheadditionoffillermetal.對于4類管，裸露在內(nèi)的焊接表面可能由管道內(nèi)部一個焊道引起，并未增加填充材料。Allsingle-weldedpipeshallbecompletelyradiographed.所有的單面焊管應(yīng)進行完整的射線檢測。Theweldsurfaceoneithersideoftheweldmaybeflushwiththebaseplateormayhaveareasonablyuniformcrown,nottoexceed1.8in.3mm.Anyweldreinforcementmayberemovedat

31、themanufacturersoptionorbyagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandpurchaser.Thecontourofthereinforcementshouldbereasonablysmoothandfreefromirregularities.Thedepositedmetalshallbefuseduniformlyintotheplatesurface.Noconcavityofcontourispermittedunlesstheresultingthicknessofweldmetalisequaltoorgreaterthanthe

32、minimumthicknessoftheadjacentbasemetal.焊接的任意一面的表面可能會與底盤一起變紅或者產(chǎn)生合理的變形，不超過1/8英寸(3mm)。任何焊接補強都應(yīng)按生產(chǎn)商的選擇去除或者生產(chǎn)商和采購商達(dá)成一致。補強的外廓應(yīng)平整，規(guī)則。堆積的金屬應(yīng)一致的熔入鋼板表面。不允許輪廓有凹陷，除非導(dǎo)致的厚度等于或大于附近的底層金屬的最小厚度。Welddefectsshallberepairedbyremovaltosoundmetalandrewelding.Subsequentheattreatmentandexamination(thatis,visual,radiographic

33、,anddyepenetrant)shallbeasrequiredontheoriginalwelds.6.2.4焊接缺陷應(yīng)通過去除缺陷部分直至漏出金屬并重新焊接的方法修補。應(yīng)以原焊接同樣的要求進行隨后的檢測(即目測，射線檢測和著色滲透檢測)。HeatTreatment:熱處理Unlessotherwisestatedintheorder,heat-treatmentshallconsistofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof1900F1040CexceptforS31266,S31254,S32654,S32050,andS30815whi

34、chshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2100F1150C,and1920F1050Crespectively,S24565whichshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2050F1120C,N08367whichshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2025F1107C,andN08926whichshallbeheattreatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2010F1100C,alltreatmentsbeingfollowedbyquenchinginwate

35、rorrapidlycoolingbyothermeans.N08904shallbeheattreatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2000F1095Candcooledrapidly.UNSN08810shallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2050F1120Candcooledrapidly.UNSN08020shallbeheatedintherangefrom1800to1850F982to1010Candcooledrapidly.除非訂單中另有陳述，否則熱處理應(yīng)包括把材料加熱到至少1900華氏度（1040攝氏度），S31266，

36、S31254,S32654,S32050,和S30815除外，應(yīng)分別加熱到至少2100華氏度（1150攝氏度）和1920華氏度（1050攝氏度），S24565應(yīng)加熱到至少2050華氏度（1120攝氏度），N08367應(yīng)加熱到至少2025華氏度（1107攝氏度），N08926應(yīng)加熱到至少2010華氏度（1100攝氏度）。所有熱處理后應(yīng)淬火或采取其他方式急冷。N08904應(yīng)加熱到至少2000華氏度（1095攝氏度）并急冷。UNSN08810應(yīng)加熱到至少2050華氏度（1120攝氏度）并急冷。UNSN08020應(yīng)加熱到18001850華氏度（8921010攝氏度）并急冷。Thepurchaseord

37、ershallspecifyoneofthefollowingconditionsiftheheat-treatedconditionspecifiedin6.3.1isnotdesiredbythepurchaser:如果采購商并不需要6.3.1規(guī)定的熱處理條件，采購訂單應(yīng)規(guī)定如下條件之一。Afinalheat-treatmenttemperatureunder1900F1040CEachpipesuppliedunderthisrequirementshallbeStenciledwiththefinalheat-treatmenttemperatureindegreesFahrenhei

38、tordegreesCelsiusafterthesuffix“HT”.Controlledstructuralorspecialservicecharacteristicsmaybespecifiedasaguideforthemostsuitableheattreatment.在1900華氏度（1040攝氏度）以下最終熱處理，在此要求下供應(yīng)的每一根管應(yīng)用字母HT后加最終熱處理溫度，采用華氏度或攝氏度，標(biāo)記在管體?？梢灾付ㄊ芸氐慕Y(jié)構(gòu)性的或特別的服務(wù)特性作為最適合的熱處理溫度指南。Nofinalheattreatmentofpipefabricatedofplatethathasbeensol

39、utionheattreatedattemperaturesrequiredbythisspecificationEachpipesuppliedunderthisrequirementshallbestenciledwiththesuffix“HTO.無最終熱處理的鋼管，這種鋼管的鋼板材料經(jīng)過本規(guī)范所要求的溫度的溶液熱處理，在此條件下供應(yīng)的每一根管應(yīng)在管體上標(biāo)注字母HT-O。NofinalheattreatmentofpipefabricatedofplatethathasnotbeensolutionheattreatedEachpipesuppliedunderthisrequireme

40、ntshallbestenciledwiththesuffix“HT-SO”.無最終熱處理的鋼管，這種鋼管的鋼板材料沒有經(jīng)過溶解熱處理，在此條件下生產(chǎn)的每一根管應(yīng)在管體上標(biāo)注字母HT-SOAsolutionannealingtemperatureabove1950F1065CmayimpairtheresistancetointergranularcorrosionaftersubsequentexposuretosensitizingconditionsinGrades321,347,and348.Whenspecifiedbythepurchaser,alowertemperaturest

41、abilizationorre-solutionannealshallbeusedsubsequenttotheinitialhightemperaturesolutionanneal（seeSupplementaryRequirementS5）.321,347和348級的溶液退火溫度在1950華氏度（1065攝氏度）可能在隨后暴露于敏感條件中時削弱抗晶間腐蝕的耐受力。當(dāng)采購商要求時，在先期高溫溶液退火之后，應(yīng)采用稍低溫度的穩(wěn)定或再溶解退火。ChemicalComposition化學(xué)構(gòu)成Thechemicalcompositionoftheplateshallconformtotherequi

42、rementsoftheapplicablespecificationandgrade3listedinSpecificationA240/A240M.鋼板的化學(xué)構(gòu)成應(yīng)符合適用的規(guī)范的要求和A240/A240M規(guī)范中所列的3級的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。原件第三頁結(jié)束ThechemicalcompositionoftheweldingfillermetalshallconformtotherequirementsoftheapplicableAWSspecificationforthecorrespondinggradeshowninTable1,orshallconformtothechemicalcompos

43、itionspecifiedfortheplateinSpecificationA240/A240M,orshall,subjecttopurchaserapproval,beafillermetalmorehighlyalloyedthanthebasemetalwhenneededforcorrosionresistanceorotherproperties.UseofafillermetalotherthanthatlistedinTable1orconformingtothechemicalcompositionspecifiedfortheplateinSpecificationA2

44、40/A240Mshallbereportedandthefillermetalidentifiedonthecertificateoftests.Whennitrogenandceriumarespecifiedelementsfortheorderedgrade,themethodofanalysisfortheseelementsshallbeamatterofagreementbetweenthepurchaserandthemanufacturer.焊接填充金屬的化學(xué)構(gòu)成應(yīng)與表格1所示的相應(yīng)級別的適用于美國焊接學(xué)會規(guī)范的要求相一致，或應(yīng)與A240/A240M規(guī)范中的鋼板的化學(xué)構(gòu)成一致

45、，或者，經(jīng)采購商同意，在需要耐腐蝕和其他特性時，比基層金屬更高級別的合金。使用表格一之外的填充金屬或者與A240/A240M規(guī)范的鋼板不一致的填充金屬，這種情況應(yīng)上報并且這種金屬應(yīng)在測試證書上加以鑒定。當(dāng)訂購的級別中規(guī)定包含氮和鈰成分，買方和生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)就用于這些成分分析的方法達(dá)成一致。PermissibleVariationsinDimensions允許的尺寸變量PermissibleVariationsThedimensionsatanypointinalengthofpipeshallnotexceedthefollowing:容許的變化-鋼管長度方向上任意一點的尺寸不應(yīng)超過如下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：Out

46、sideDiameterBasedoncircumferentialmeasurement,0.5%ofthespecifiedoutsidediameter.外徑-不能超過規(guī)定外徑的0.5%。Out-of-RoundnessDifferencebetweenmajorandminoroutsidediameter,1%.失圓度-較大的外徑和較小的外徑，1%AlignmentUsinga10-ftor3-mstraightedgeplacedsothatbothendsareincontactwiththepipe,1.8in.3mm.校準(zhǔn)-使用10英尺或3米直尺兩端與鋼管接觸，1/8英寸（3

47、mm）。ThicknessTheminimumwallthicknessatanypointinthepipeshallnotbemorethan0.01in.0.3mmunderthenominalthickness.厚度-鋼管上任意一點的壁厚應(yīng)不超過0.01英寸名義厚度（0.3毫米）Workmanship,Finish,andAppearance工藝，磨光和外觀Thefinishedpipeshallhaveaworkmanlikefinish.成品鋼管應(yīng)有較好的磨光RepairofPlateDefectsbyMachiningorGrindingPipeshowingsliversmay

48、bemachinedorgroundinsideoroutsidetoadepthwhichshallensuretheremovalofallincludedscaleandslivers,providingthewallthicknessisnotreducedbelowthespecifiedminimumwallthickness.Machiningorgrindingshallfollowinspectionofthepipeasrolled,andshallbefollowedbysupplementaryvisualinspection.通過加工或打磨修補鋼板缺陷帶有碎屑的鋼管可

49、以在以壁厚不小于規(guī)定的最后小壁厚為前提下，在內(nèi)部或外部加工或者打磨到直至確保去除所有鱗片和碎屑。加工或打磨后應(yīng)做壓制管檢測，并做補充目測。RepairofPlateDefectsbyWeldingDefectswhichviolateminimumwallthicknessmayberepairedbywelding,butonlywiththeapprovalofthepurchaser.Areasshallbesuitablypreparedforweldingwithtightlycloseddefectsremovedbygrinding.Open,cleandefects,sucha

50、spitsorimpressions,mayrequirenopreparation.Allwelders,weldingoperators,andweldproceduresshallbequalifiedtotheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX.Unlessthepurchaserspecifiesotherwise,piperequiredtobeheattreatedundertheprovisionsof6.3,shallbeheattreatedorreheattreatedfollowingrepairwelding.Repai

51、redlengths,whererepairdepthisgreaterthan1/4ofthethickness,shallbepressuretestedorrepressuretestedafterrepairandheattreatment(ifany).Repairweldsshallalsobeexaminedbysuitablenondestructiveexaminationtechniques,includinganytechniquesspecificallyrequiredoftheprimaryweld.通過焊接修復(fù)鋼板缺陷-不符合最小壁厚要求的鋼管可以通過焊接修復(fù)，但

52、只能在采購商允許的情況下。修補區(qū)域應(yīng)通過僅打磨缺陷處的辦法做好焊接準(zhǔn)備。開闊，干凈的缺陷部位，比如凹點和壓痕不需要做準(zhǔn)備工作。所有的焊機，焊工和焊接工藝應(yīng)符合ASME鍋爐和壓力容器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，第IX.部分。除非采購商另有規(guī)定，鋼管需要按照6.3的規(guī)定進行熱處理，應(yīng)按照管道焊接的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行熱處理或重新熱處理。在修理的長度范圍內(nèi)，修理深度超過1/4厚度，應(yīng)進行壓力測試或者在修補和熱處理(如果有)后重新做壓力測試。修補焊接也要通過適當(dāng)?shù)臒o損檢測技術(shù)檢測，包括檢測主要焊接部位的特定的檢測技術(shù)。Thepipeshallbefreeofscaleandcontaminatingironparticles.Pick

53、ling,blastingorsurfacefinishingisnotmandatorywhenpipeisbrightannealed.Thepurchasermayrequestthatapassivatingtreatmentbeapplied.鋼管應(yīng)無鱗片，不包含鐵屑。當(dāng)鋼管光亮退火時，酸洗，爆破和表面處理都不是強制的。采購商可能會要求做鈍化處理。HeatAnalysis熱分析Ananalysisofeachheatofsteelshallbemadebytheplatemanufacturertodeterminethepercentagesoftheelementsprescri

54、bedinSpecificationA240/A240M.ThechemicalcompositionthusdeterminedshallconformtotherequirementsprescribedinSpecificationA240/A240M.鋼板生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)鋼鐵熱分析來確定A240/A240M規(guī)范中描述的成分?；瘜W(xué)構(gòu)成因此確定將與A240/A240M規(guī)范中描述的相一致。ProductAnalysis產(chǎn)品分析Foreachlotof500ft150mofpipeorfractionthereof,analysisshallbemadebythemanufacturerfromthe

55、finishedpipeoftheplateandofthewelddeposit.Drillingsforanalysismaybetakenfromthemechanicaltestspecimens.Theresultsoftheseanalysesshallbereportedtothepurchaserorthepurchasersrepresentative,andshallconformtotherequirementsofSection7,subjecttotheproductanalysistoleranceofTable1inSpecificationA480/A480M.

56、對于每一批500英尺（150米）鋼管或者它的一部分，生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)做成品管和焊接的分析報告。用于分析的鉆孔可以使用機械測試的標(biāo)本。這些分析結(jié)果應(yīng)報告給采購商或者采購商代表，并且應(yīng)符合第七部分的要求，滿足A480/A480M規(guī)范中表格1中的產(chǎn)品分析公差。Iftheanalysisofoneofthetestsspecifiedin9.1doesnotconformtotherequirementsspecifiedinSection7,analysesshallbemadeonadditionalpipeofdoubletheoriginalnumberfromthesamelot,eachofwhi

57、chshallconformtotherequirementsspecified.如果9.1中規(guī)定的測試之一的分析報告與第七部分規(guī)定的要求不同，應(yīng)在同批次鋼管中取雙倍于原數(shù)量的鋼管再做分析，每組分析都應(yīng)與規(guī)定的要求一致。TensileRequirements張力要求。TheplateusedinmakingthepipeshallconformtotherequirementsastotensilepropertiesoftheapplicablespecificationslistedinTable1.Tensiontestsmadebytheplatemanufacturershallqu

58、alifytheplatematerial.生產(chǎn)鋼管時所使用的鋼板應(yīng)符合表格1中適用的規(guī)范的張力特性的要求。鋼板生產(chǎn)商所作的張力測試應(yīng)證明鋼板材料合格。Thetransversetensiontesttakenacrosstheweldedjointspecimenshallhaveatensilestrengthnotlessthanthespecifiedminimumtensilestrengthoftheplate.對焊縫樣本所作的橫向張力測試應(yīng)采用不小于規(guī)定的鋼板最小張力。TransverseGuided-BendWeldTests橫向?qū)驈澢附訙y試Twobendtestspeci

59、mensshallbetakentransverselyfromthepipe.Exceptasprovidedin13.2,oneshallbesubjecttoafaceguided-bendtestandthesecondtoarootguided-bendtest.Onespecimenshallbebentwiththeinsidesurfaceofthepipeagainsttheplunger,andtheotherwiththeoutsidesurfaceagainsttheplunger.應(yīng)橫向取2個彎曲測試標(biāo)本。除了13.2中情形，一個應(yīng)做表面導(dǎo)向彎曲測試，第二個做根部彎曲

60、測試。一個標(biāo)本應(yīng)使管道內(nèi)表面朝向活塞彎曲，另一個標(biāo)本外表面朝向活塞。Forwallthicknessesover3.8in.9.5mmbutlessthan3.4in.19mmside-bendtestsmaybemadeinsteadofthefaceandroot-bendtests.Forspecifiedwallthicknesses3.4in.19mmandover,bothspecimensshallbesubjectedtotheside-bendtests.Side-bendspecimensshallbebentsothatoneofthesidesurfacesbecome