1、國家開放大學電大醫藥商品營銷實務2031-2032期末試題及答案(試卷代號:2624)盜傳必究一、名詞解釋(每題5分，共20分)1.興奮作用:是指凡能使機體生理生化功能活動增強的作用，如肌肉收縮、腺體分泌增加、酶活性增強等。2.處方:是指由注冊的執業醫師和執業助理醫師在診療活動中為患者開具的、由取得藥學專業技術職務任職資格的藥學專業技術人員審核、調配、核對，并作為患者用藥憑證的醫療文書。醫療機構病區用藥醫囑單也屬于處方。3.票據:是指出票人約定自己或委托付款人在見票時或指定的日期向收款人或持票人無條件支付定金額并可流通轉讓的有價證券，包括匯票、本票和支票。4.市場營銷策略:是企業為了實現營銷任

2、務，適應顧客需要和營銷環境的變化制定營銷準則和營銷方式。二、簡答題(共40分)5.簡述慢性咽炎的疾病介紹及治療藥物選擇。(10分)答:(1)慢性咽炎指咽部黏膜層、黏膜下層及淋巴組織的炎癥。一般是由急性咽炎反復發作及咽部經常受到粉塵、有害氣體刺激發展而來。煙酒過度或其它不良生活習慣、鼻竇炎分泌物刺激、過敏體質或身體抵抗力減低等原因也可引發此病。該病主要癥狀有咽部有明顯異物感，干燥、發癢灼熱、微痛，炎部常有稠厚分泌物。晨起時癥狀更明顯，一般無全身癥狀。(4分)2)治療慢性咽炎藥物化學藥物可選擇度米芬、西地碘等。(3分)中成藥可選用鐵笛丸、清咽丸、西瓜霜潤喉片、冬菱草片等。(3分)6.簡述藥品依法陳

3、列的原則。(8分)答:依據藥品管理法、藥品經營質量管理規范的有關規定，藥品陳列原則如下:藥品與非藥品分開陳列處方藥與T藥品分開陳列，處方藥不得開架自選銷售;內服藥與外用藥分開陳固體藥品與液體藥品分開陳列易串味藥品與其他藥品分開陳列危險品不得陳列，如必須陳列，只能陳列代用品或空包裝;拆零藥品應集中存放于拆零專柜，保留原包裝標簽;8中藥飲片裝斗前需復核，不得錯斗、串斗，斗標應用正名正字。(每點1分，共8分)7.簡述藥品養護的除濕措施。(6分)答:藥品養護的除濕措施包括:一般在庫外天氣晴朗，空氣干燥時，打開門窗進行通風除濕。為了防止外界空氣中潮氣入侵庫內，可采用封閉門窗縫隙的方法，必要時，在進出通道

4、掛上厚棉簾進行密封防潮。當庫內空氣濕度過高，室外氣候條件不適宜通風降濕時，應采用除濕機吸濕和啟用空調除濕。(每點2分，共6分)8. 簡述藥店處理顧客退換貨的原則及操作程序。(11分)答:(1)藥店處理顧客退換貨的原則是(3分，每點1分):包裝沒有拆封時，只要確認是本店出售的，就可以退換;如果包裝已被拆封，且確實是藥品質量的問題，則可以考慮退換;非質量因素則一般不予退換。2)藥店處理顧客退換貨時的操作程序如下(8分，每點1分)傾聽。以誠意和藹的態度認真聽取客戶要求退換原因檢查。仔細檢查要求退換的醫藥商品的包裝、批號、外觀質量、購貨小票，確認是否是本藥店所售。記錄。將記錄情況填寫在“銷貨退回商品臺

5、賬”、或“售后服務記錄”上。道歉。對顧客購買的商品所帶來的煩惱表示誠懇地道款。征詢。征詢顧客意見，看是否同意以貨換貨或退貨。處理。雙方協商意見一致后，辦理退貨手續，開出紅票，顧客簽名后處理。將退回商品進行質量驗收。質量合格可以繼續銷售，做必要賬務處理后入庫或陳列柜臺;質量不合格者則進入不合格區，登記不合格商品處理記錄，做進一步處理。通報。將商品退換原因、處理結果向有關部門及員工通報，以期引起重視，并在服務工作中加以改9. 選擇供應商的標準有哪些?(5分)答:選擇供應商的標準包括：(1)商品質量。評價藥品質量要事前評價。要走訪供應商，進行實地考察，看其產品質量體系是否完普，是否通過了GMP或GS

6、P認證等。(2)購進成本。購進成本應包括尋求、査訪、評選供應商的支出，采購商品價格，運輸成本，檢驗成本，倉儲成本等。(3)供貨及時。供貨及時的標準是看供應商是否能按采購商的要求準時交貨，采購商什么時間要貨，要多少貨，供應商都能按時、按量交貨。(4)內部組織與管理狀況。供應商的內部組織與管理狀況好壞會影響其整體服務水平。如果供應商的內部組織機構設置不合理，管理混亂，部門之間的工作相互扯皮，就會影響供應商的整體服務水平，進一步會影響到供應商的供貨能力。(5)市場竟爭力。選擇供應商還應考慮供應商的促銷能力及市場占有率等因素。(每點1分，共5分)三、計算題(10分)10.某藥店全年商品銷售額為500萬

7、，年初商品資金占用額為70萬元，一季度末為65萬，二季度末為60萬，三季度末為63萬，年末為58萬(均為售價)，估算綜合進銷差價為15;求商品資金周轉次數與商品資金周轉天數?(全年按365天計)解: 年平均商品資金占用額(售價)=(70/2+65+60+63+58/2)/4=63萬(3分)年平均商品資金占用額(進價)=63(1-0.15)=53.55(2分)年商品資金周轉次數=500(1-0.15)3/53.55=7.94次(2分)年商品資金周轉天數=365/7.94=46天(3分2022年國家開放大學電大人文英語2、3、4網絡核心課形考網考作業三套匯編附全答案最新國家開放大學電大人文英語2網

8、絡核心課形考網考作業及答案考試說明：2022年電大把人文英語2網絡核心課納入到“國開平臺”進行考核，它共有八個形考任務(單元自測)。針對該門課程，本人匯總了該科所有的題，形成一個完整的標準題庫，并且以后會不斷更新，對考生的復習、作業和考試起著非常重要的作用，會給您節省大量的時間。做考題時，利用本文檔中的查找工具，把考題中的關鍵字輸到查找工具的查找內容框內，就可迅速查找到該題答案。本文庫還有其他網核及教學考一體化答案，敬請查看。本課程考核采用形成性考核與終結性考試相結合的方式。形成性考核占課程綜合成績的50%，終結性考試占課程綜合成績的50%。課程考核成績統一采用百分制，即形成性考核、終結性考試

9、、課程綜合成績均采用百分制。課程綜合成績達到60分及以上（及格），可獲得本課程相應學分。 單元自測 1 一、選擇填空題（每題10分，共5題） 題目1-Wow! This is a marvelous room! You must spend a lot of time and energy in it._.選擇一項：A. Dont mention it.B. Great, I am very art-conscious.C. Thanks you. It really cost me that much. 題目2-What about mailing it in the fastest way

10、? _.選擇一項：A. Post office is over thereB. Thank you very muchC. By air mail 題目3At a time of this economic crisis, our _ should be very clear about what we need to do.選擇一項：A. principleB. premiumC. priority 題目4_dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road!選擇一項：A. What a B. How C. What題目5There _ some milk

11、, some eggs and a few apples on the table.選擇一項：A. areB. is C. will be題目1-Would you like me to help you to make a plan today for the summer vacation?_.選擇一項：A. It is nice of you to say so, but Im busy tonight.B. No, I already have plans.C. Im ill, so I shouldnt go out.題目2How far is the Great Bay from

12、your house? _.選擇一項：A. Sorry, its too longB. The Great Bay is five minutes away from my house and its fantastic.C. Yes, the Great Bay is real beautiful.題目3Criminals are given the _ of going to jail or facing public humiliation.選擇一項：A. opinionB. optionC. opportunity題目4There must be something wrong wit

13、h my computer, _ there?選擇一項：A. needntB. mustntC. isnt題目5The Chinese Red Cross contributed a _ sum to the relief of the physically disabled.選擇一項：A. generalB. genuineC. generous題目1-Would you like me to help you to make a plan today for the summer vacation? _.選擇一項：A. Im ill, so I shouldnt go out.B. No,

14、 I already have plans.C. It is nice of you to say so, but Im busy tonight.題目2-What about mailing it in the fastest way? _.選擇一項：A. Post office is over thereB. By air mailC. Thank you very much題目3At a time of this economic crisis, our _ should be very clear about what we need to do.選擇一項：A. priorityB.

15、premiumC. principle題目4A double room with a balcony overlooking the sea had been _ for him.選擇一項：A. conservedB. deservedC. reserved題目5If there is any change about the time of the meeting, please notify us _.選擇一項：A. in timeB. in advanceC. on time二、閱讀理解：根據文章內容，完成選擇題。（共50分）Lilian Hanson, a college studen

16、ts, expects to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates is her age73 years. She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.When Lilian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for the further education.

17、The banker gave her no encouragement. He didnt think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. He thought she should be at home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Lilian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. Mrs. Hanson never f

18、orgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown, she tried again.She finds the hardest part of going back to school at her age is to sit in class for long periods of time. Because she is not as quick as she used to be, Mrs. Hanson often gets up and walks around classes to

19、 keep from getting stiff (僵硬). At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her aims were.操作提示：通過題目后的下拉選項框選擇正確答案。1. Mrs. Hanson couldnt go to college immediately aft

20、er she graduated from high school becauseA.A. she hadnt got enough money B. she was a country girl C. the banker ordered her not to borrow money2. Mrs. Hanson wanted to borrow money from the bankC.A. to support her family B. because she was 73 years old C. to further her education at college3. In th

21、e college, what makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates isC.A. the fact that she is poor B. that she has a family of nine children C. that she is 73 years old4. The computer students welcome Mrs. Hanson warmly because CA. she had got an excellent result in the exam B. she was good at telling

22、 funny stories C. they were deeply moved by her spirit5. Mrs. Hanson is the sort of person whoCA. cares for study very much B. likes to borrow money from the bank C. tries to save money for her family.根據文章內容，判斷正誤。（共50分）A Speech about My HometownMy lovely hometown is located on the south shore of an

23、island. Its a small town with only about 9,000 people and an area of about 3.8 square miles. First, I want to talk about the people in the neighborhood. Generally speaking, people are very nice here, especially in summer. I feel that in summer everyone is in a great mood, and very generous. For exam

24、ple, one summer afternoon, I was at the gas station filling up my car and was short of money. Generously an old gentleman gave me the money to pay the gas attendant. Thats the type of people you can expect from my hometown.The greatest part about the town, in my opinion, is the location. The Great B

25、ay is five minutes away from my house and its fantastic. Another great thing is how close everybody lives to each other. With it being such a small town, all my friends live five minutes away, which is a great advantage to me and everyone else. Lastly, the nightlife is great. On any Saturday night e

26、very bar is packed with people, so theres always something going on. So far Ive explained the good side of my hometown, but there are also some boring things about it. It is great in summer, but it is a different story in winter. When winter comes around, the town turns into a “ghost town”. This is

27、because there is nowhere to go. The only thing we have is a shopping center. It would be nice if we had a few more options to choose from.操作提示：正確選T，錯誤選F。1. My lovely hometown is located on the north shore of an island. F2. Once I was at the gas station filling up my car and didnt have enough money w

28、ith me.T3. I dont think it a great advantage that all my friends live five minutes away.F4. On any Saturday night every bar is full of people.T5. When winter comes around, we still have many options to choose from. F根據上下文，補全對話內容。（共50分）操作提示：通過下拉選項框，選擇答案。A. So maybe we should avoid long traveling hour

29、s, and make the trip a relaxing one.B. Lakes always bring people peace and quiet.C. Actually the boss told me to make plans for the trip.D. One more thing, we need to make safety a priority.E. There will be less traffic and fewer people there.Zhang Hua: Do you know that the senior members of our com

30、pany were whispering about a short trip?Liu Hui: Yes, I heard about it this morning. C.Zhang Hua: Really? Then you will need to think hard about it. Liu Hui: Sure. Since you are here, maybe you can help me work out some ideas.Zhang Hua: For a start, we need to bear in mind that many of them are abou

31、t sixty years old.Liu Hui: A. Zhang Hua: Right. What about the countryside? E. Liu Hui: That is an option. Besides, its better to go to a place with a lake or river and hills covered with trees in the area. Zhang Hua: I like this idea. B. Liu Hui: And they can either walk around the lake or take a b

32、oat for relaxation.Zhang Hua:D.Liu Hui: Exactly. Thank you for your suggestions, I will work out an itinerary for the trip this afternoon.Zhang Hua: Youre welcome.單元自測2一、選擇填空題（每題10分，共5題） 題目1What are you going to do in the 2022 Winter Olympics? _.選擇一項：A. Yes, I have been there.B. Im going to be a vol

33、unteer. C. I am travelling abroad.題目2Can I take your order, madam? _.選擇一項：A. No, the prices reasonableB. Yes, its as quiet as we expectedC. Yes. Id like an Italian soup to start with and then some fried noodles 題目3When we heard of it, we were deeply _選擇一項：A. moveB. moved C. moving題目4They found all t

34、he guests _ when they woke up.選擇一項：A. gone B. goC. going題目5Do not think that you are helping others who are not fortunate, but think of it as _?選擇一項：A. tradeB. bargainC. exchange 題目1Would you like anything else？_?選擇一項：A. Id like to take bus.B. Id like to play piano.C. Id like some cookies.題目2Can I t

35、ake your order, madam? _.選擇一項：A. Yes, its as quiet as we expectedB. No, the prices reasonableC. Yes. Id like an Italian soup to start with and then some fried noodles題目3When people try to call their doctors during off hours, they usually hear a recorded message instructing them to go to the _ room i

36、n the event of a crisis.選擇一項：A. emergencyB. emergenceC. urgency題目4I _ his efforts and I wish him well. 選擇一項：A. thankB. appreciateC. gratitude題目5If you take the _ to learn a new skill, you will grasp it quickly.選擇一項：A. initiationB. initiatingC. initiative題目1Whats your plan for the summer vacation? _.

37、選擇一項：A. I have a good plan.B. Im shopping now.C. Im planning to go to Italy. 題目2Do you mind if I ask you why you choose to be a volunteer? _.選擇一項：A. Of course not. Well, you know volunteering is a great way to get work experience! B. Yes. Volunteering is a great way to get work experience!C. Of cour

38、se. Volunteering is a great way to get work experience!題目3He looked _ after reading the newspaper選擇一項：A. worried B. worryC. worrying題目4After cleaning the floor, I went on _the window.選擇一項：A. cleanB. cleaning C. to clean題目5We walked down the stairs_ taking the elevator.選擇一項：A. instead of B. insteadC.

39、 instead us二、閱讀理解：根據文章內容，完成選擇題。（共50分）Why Volunteer?Volunteering is a great way to get work experience, and may be one of the most valuable experiences of your life. You learn new skills by trying new jobs. Better yet, you can meet people who can give you guidance and possibly help you to find a paid

40、 job later on. Employers will be impressed that you took the initiative to learn new things. You can learn how a charitable organization works. Best of all, you will be taking action to promote what you think is important and probably be helping someone else along the way.Instead of considering volu

41、nteering as something you do for people who are not as fortunate as yourself, begin to think of it as an exchange. Consider that most people find themselves in need at some point in their lives. You may be the person with the ability to help today, but tomorrow you may be someone who needs others he

42、lp. Even now you might be on both sides of the service cycle: maybe you are a tutor for someone who cant read, while last month the volunteer ambulance corps rushed you to the emergency room. Volunteering also includes “self-help.” So if you are active in your neighborhood crime watch, your home is

43、protected while you protect your neighbors homes, too. Its a double win: your community or cause benefits from your work and you benefit from your experiences. In a word, adding your effort to the work of others makes everyones lives better.操作提示：通過題目后的下拉選項框選擇正確答案。1. After you have helped others, you

44、 mightA. A. get guidance from someone else and maybe get a job. B. feel that youre not as fortunate as others. C. feel that you are special.2. What is the meaning of the word “initiative” in paragraph1? B A. benefit B. positive power C. energy3. Volunteering is a great way to get B. A. a lot of mone

45、y to become rich. B. work experience and learn new skills. C. pride in daily life.4. When we help others we internally(本質上)A A. help ourselves. B. benefit from others. C. get something different in life.5. By volunteering, we can makeC. A. you protect your neighbors homes. B. the volunteer ambulance

46、 corps rushed you. C. ones life easier and happier.結合上下文內容補全填空。（共50分）操作提示：通過下拉選項框選擇正確的詞匯。My Volunteer Experience at the Youth Services Center LibraryMy experience at the library included assisting kids during their library visit in a number of waysreaders advisory, working with the kids during libra

47、ry skills sessions, and checking out books. Of all of these experiences, working through problems with the kids during library skills sessions was most rewarding. Some of the library skills sessions were on the computer and others were using print sources like newspapers and encyclopedias. Readers a

48、dvisory for the kids was also rewarding. Through the recommendations of Jill Morrison, the YSCLs head librarian, and also talking with the kids themselves, I read quite a few young adult titles. Doing this reading and also reading other reviews of juvenileliterature enabled me to give the kids recom

49、mendations for books they might enjoy.One afternoon a high school-aged girl approached me asking for books about college. She wanted to get all of the information that she could on college admission processes. Together using the librarys webcat, we found some useful books for her. We also found some

50、 relevant websites. At the beginning of my experience at the YSCL, I felt that if I came away making a difference for only one person, I had succeeded. This young woman was so appreciative and enthusiastic about the information we found together that I think I met my goal.根據文章內容，判斷正誤。（共50分）My Volunt

51、eering ExperienceMy volunteer work helps me grow up. It has made me more aware of the difficulties other people go through and made me appreciate the simple things we have in life. It enables me, as an adult, to become more confident and to realize the difference I can make. I now have new career as

52、pirations and the confidence to take forward these new ideas, since I started mentoring at the Open University and gained experience of working with young students. Ill go on to do a teaching assistant course and looking to go into volunteering teaching or youth work in the future.My research projec

53、t will be to build a spatial web application. It was inspired by the volunteering I do for another not-for-profit organization.My volunteering at an animal shelter is neither connected to my studies nor to my career interests. I do it purely for pleasure, satisfaction and the feeling that I can help

54、 somebody. Its made me a happier person, and I wouldnt have got this far at university without it.操作提示：正確選T，錯誤選F。1. Volunteer work makes me become more confident.T2. I work with other young volunteers in the Open University.F3. My research is related with volunteering I do for another not-for-profit

55、 organization.F4. My volunteering at an animal shelter enables me to feel satisfactory.T5. Without the volunteering work, I wouldnt have my new career as a teacher.F單元自測3一、選擇填空題（每題10分，共5題） 題目1 Id like to invite you to my birthday party on Saturday evening. _ .選擇一項：A. Thank you for your invitation. Im very happy to join the party. B. Its none of your businessC. I dont want to join your party.題目2 Can I ask you for some questions, Frank? _ .選擇一項：A. You can ask other people.B. Sure, go ahead C. No, Im very busy.題目3You can _ some bottles of wine