1、倒裝句倒裝句高中倒裝句講解倒裝句講解 英語句子通常有兩種語序：一種是陳說語序，英語句子通常有兩種語序：一種是陳說語序，一種是倒裝語序。一種是倒裝語序。 將謂語的一部分或全部置于主語之前的語序叫將謂語的一部分或全部置于主語之前的語序叫做倒裝語序。做倒裝語序。 倒裝可分為二種：將整個(gè)謂語提到主語之前的倒裝可分為二種：將整個(gè)謂語提到主語之前的叫完全倒裝叫完全倒裝full inversionfull inversion； 而只將而只將be be 、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞放在主語之前、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞放在主語之前的叫做部分倒裝的叫做部分倒裝partial inversionpartial inversio

2、n。一、完全倒裝一、完全倒裝1. There be構(gòu)造。另外,在此構(gòu)造中可以用來替代be動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.穩(wěn)定練習(xí):1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. Ther

3、e stands; at 2、副詞here、 there、 in、out、up 、down、 away、 back、 now、then、ahead等位于句首，當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是be、 come 、 go、 follow、 run等表示位置挪動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，而且主語又是名詞時(shí)，需求把謂語動(dòng)詞放主語之前，即完全倒裝。 例句： Here is your letter. Ahead sat an old woman. 留意留意: A 此類倒裝不用進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)。此類倒裝不用進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)。 B上述全部倒裝的句型構(gòu)造的主語必需是名上述全部倒裝的句型構(gòu)造的主語必需是名詞，詞， 假設(shè)主語是人稱代詞那么不能完全倒裝。假設(shè)主語是人稱代

4、詞那么不能完全倒裝。3.當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組(如如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等等)在句首時(shí)。在句首時(shí)。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a w

5、ounded soldier. 1. -Lets hurry. Listen! There_. -Oh，yes. Has the teacher come yet? -Look! Here_. A the bell goes， is he coming B goes the bell， he comes C the bell is going， he is coming D goes the bell， comes he 2. Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so

6、 an old4.分詞分詞(代詞代詞) + be + 主語主語構(gòu)造。如構(gòu)造。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein C. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein7) _ are the days when teachers were

7、 looked down upon.A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going二、部分倒裝二、部分倒裝 部分倒裝是把be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞放到主語之前。假設(shè)句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動(dòng)詞do / does / did等,而把原來的謂語動(dòng)詞變成原形放在主語之后。 1. 1. 句首狀語為否認(rèn)詞或半否認(rèn)詞的句子。句首狀語為否認(rèn)詞或半否認(rèn)詞的句子。這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常, rarely很少，罕有, hardly, scarcely幾乎不，幾乎沒有, no sooner立刻, not only,

8、 in no way決不, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.穩(wěn)定練習(xí):1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I

9、arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do 2. so， neither， nor 作部分倒裝作部分倒裝 表示表

10、示 “ 也也 、 “ 也不也不 的句子要部分倒裝。的句子要部分倒裝。 例句：例句： 1) Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2) If you wont go， neither will I. 典型例題典型例題 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know， _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 留意：留意： 當(dāng)當(dāng) so 引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加引出的句子用以對(duì)

11、上文內(nèi)容加以證明或一定時(shí)，不可用倒裝構(gòu)造。以證明或一定時(shí)，不可用倒裝構(gòu)造。意為意為 “ 確實(shí)如此確實(shí)如此 。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard. -So it is. 典型例題 -You forget your purse when you went out. -Good heavens，_.(2002) A . so did I B . so I did C . I did so D. I so did -David has made great progress recently. -_，

12、 and_.(1997) A. So he has， so you have B. So he has， so have you C. So has he， so have you D. So has he， so you have3. only + 狀語放在句首狀語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如要部分倒裝。如: - Only in this way，can you learn English well. - Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 假設(shè)句子為主從復(fù)合句，那么主句倒裝，從句不倒假設(shè)句子為主從復(fù)合句，

13、那么主句倒裝，從句不倒裝裝 。- Only when he is seriously ill， does he ever stay in bed. 典型例題 - _can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)A. With hard work B. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard - Only in this way_to make improvement in the operating system.(2003)A. you can hope B. you

14、 did more C. can you hope D. did you hope4. as， though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句 as / though 引導(dǎo)的退讓從句必需將表語或狀語提早 描畫詞 、 副詞 、分詞 、 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提早。 例句： -Try hard as he will， he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 留意留意 : 1、句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。、句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 2、句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 ， 其他助動(dòng)詞放其他助動(dòng)詞放在在 主語后。假照實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀主語后。假照實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一

15、同放在主語之前。語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一同放在主語之前。 3、退讓狀語從句中，有、退讓狀語從句中，有 though、 although時(shí)，后面的主句不能有時(shí)，后面的主句不能有 but ，但是但是 though 和和 yet 可連用。可連用。 典型例題 - _，he knows a lot of things. A. The child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as he is D. Child he as is - _，I have never seen anyone whos as capable (有才干as John.(2001) A. As

16、long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have travled so much 5. 在以在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞等方式或頻度副詞(短語短語)開頭的句子中開頭的句子中,要用部要用部分倒裝構(gòu)造。如分倒裝構(gòu)造。如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Many a time _ swim

17、ming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy6. 含有否認(rèn)意義的連詞放句首含有否認(rèn)意義的連詞放句首: not onlybut also.， neither. nor.， no soonerthan.，scarely. than.， hardly. when.， not until. 留意：留意： 1 not only， no sooner，hardly，scarely要倒，要倒， but (also)，than， when后面的句子不倒。后面的句子不倒。 2neither.nor.兩部分

18、都倒裝。兩部分都倒裝。3) Not until放在句首放在句首,從句不倒裝從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。如主句倒裝。如: Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句) Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did

19、 manNot until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I B. did I C. I didntD. I 典型例題 1Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious pollution was. (95) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 2N

20、ot only _ interested in football but_ beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is， all his students areB. the teacher himself is， are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself， are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself， all his students are 3 Not until the early years of the 19

21、th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 4No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5 Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did

22、I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize 7. 虛擬條件句的倒裝 虛擬條件句的從句部分假設(shè)含有 were， should， 或 had， 可將 if 省略，再把 were， should 或 had 移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝 。-Were they here now，they could help us. =If they were here now， they could help us. -Had you come earlier，you would have met him =If you had come earlier， you would have met him. -Should it rain，the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain，the crops would be saved. 留意 : 在虛擬語氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞 be 的過去時(shí)態(tài)一概用 “were ，不用 was ， 即在從句中 be 用 were 替代。 - If I were you， I would go to look for him. 假設(shè)我是他，就會(huì)去找他。 - If he were here， everything would be all right. 假設(shè)他在這兒，一切都會(huì)好的。 典型例