1、第三節 議論類第一部分 六年高考題薈萃2010年高考題Passage 1(10·江蘇)Another persons enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved.That person was my stepmother.I was nine years old when she enterd our home in rural Virginia. My father_36_me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fe

2、llow who is_37 for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no _38 than tomorrow morning.”My stepmother walked over to me, _39 my head slightly upward,and looked me right in the eye.Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are _40 .This is not the worst b

3、oy at all, _41 the smartest one who hasnt yet found an outlet（釋放的途徑）for his enthusiasm.”That statement began a(n) _42 between us.No one had ever called me smart,My family and neighbors had built me up in my _43 as a bad boy . My stepmother changed all that.She changed many things.She _44 my father t

4、o go to a dental school,from which he graduated with honors.She moved our family into the county srat,where my fathers career could be more _45 and my brother and I could be better_46 .When I turned fourteen,she bought me a secondhand_47 and told me that she believed that I could become a writer.I k

5、new her ernthusiasm,I_48it had alreadly improved our lives.I accepted her _49 and began to write for local newspapers.I was doing the same kind of_50 that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my lifes work later.I wasnt the _51 beneficiary (受益者).My father

6、became the _52 man in town.My brother and stepbrthers became a physician,a dentist,a lawyer,and a college president. What power _53 has!When that power is released to support the certainty of ones purpose and is _54 strengthened by faith,it becomes an irresistible（不可抗拒的）force which poverty and tempo

7、rary defeat can never _55 . You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced37.A.distinguished B.favored C.mistaken D.rewarded38. A.sooner B.later C.longer D.earlier39. A.dragged B.shook

8、 C.raised D.bent40. A.perfect B.right C.wrong D.impolite41. A.but B.so C.and D.or42. A.ageement B.friendship C.gap D.relationship43. A.opinion B.image C.espectation D.mind44. A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited45. A.successful B.meaningful C.helpful D.useful46. A.treared B.entertained C.educate

9、d D.respected47. A.cemera B.radio C.bicycle D.typewriter48. A.considered B.suspected C.ignored D.appreciated49. A.belief B.request C.criticism D.description50. A.teahing B.writing C.studying D.reading51. A.next B.same C.only D.real52. A.cleverest B.wealthiest C.strongest D.bealthiest53. A.ebthusiasm

10、 B.sympathy C.fortune D.confidence54. A.deliberately B.happily C.traditionally D.constantly55. A.win B.match C.reach D.doubt本文講述了一個繼母對整理的肯定，從而激發了孩子心中的對成功的渴望，繼母心中的熱情，終于促使整理成功了。36選D爸爸把我介紹給了她37選A因為是最壞的孩子而著名38.選B no later than 表示不遲于39.選C 表示微微地抬了一下我的頭40.選C 你錯了41.選A 前面有not 后面用but,不是最壞的而是最聰明的42.選B 這句話開始了我們

11、之間的友誼，用友誼說明關系的親密43.選D在我心目中我一直是一個壞男孩44.選B繼母把我父親說服了去上一個牙科學校45.選A在那兒我父親的事業將更加成功46.選C而在那，我們弟兄們可以得到更好的教育47.選D給我買了二手的打字機，讓我開始寫作48.選D 我非常感激她的熱心49.選A我接受了她的信念50.選B我從事的寫作，因此用writing51.選C 我不是唯一的受益者52.選B我爸爸成了我們鎮上最富裕的人53.選A熱情有著多強大的力量呀54.選D 不斷得到增強55.選B這種力量是貧窮和暫時的挫折所不能相比的Passage 2(10·北京)I met Mrs. Neidl in th

12、e ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an Unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me. Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 .

13、She wanted to know how I thought we should 38 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 39 about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 40 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 41 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed th

14、em perfectly. She loved how 42 I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself. Mrs. Neidl's 43 that year was, "Try it. We can always paint over it 44 !"I began to take 45 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was

15、no failing-only things to be 46 upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and 47 create something. The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 48 in the programas "Student Art Assistant" because of the time and effort I'd put in. It was that year that I 49 I wanted t

16、o spend the rest of my life doing stage design. Being on that stage-design team 50 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 51 a strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed. She taught me not to 52 what people think I shou

17、ld do: She taught me to take chances and not be 53 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her 54 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 55 .36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention38. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change39. A. a

18、nything B. something C. everything D. nothing40. A. questions B. comments C. explanations D. remarks41. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form42. A. happy B. lively C. reliable D. punctual43. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion44. A. again B. more C. instead D. later45. A. steps B. control C.

19、 charge D. risks46. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected47. A. easily B. carefully C. confidently D. proudly48. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. considered49. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged50. A. with B. below C. of D. by51. A. developed B. discovered C. took

20、D. fostered52. A. accept B. care C. judge D. wonder53. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D. afraid54. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity Do interest55. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. possible D. favorable36.B考察連詞及句子理解。前面unpleasant voice 和 direct way of speaking是消極意向,后面encouraging 和 inspiring是積極意向,因此需填轉折連詞,四個選項中

21、A表并列,C表結果，D表原因，只有B選項yet表轉折。37.A 考察名詞及篇章理解。第二段第二句話“她想知道我認為我們該怎樣處理事情”直接提示了這個空應該選觀點opinion這個詞. 第二段倒數第四句話中也出現了這個詞從而驗證了其正確性。B. impression 印象、C. information 信息、D. intention 意圖均不符合題意。38.C 考察動詞及篇章理解。根據文章主線選擇“處理”事情。考綱要求考生掌握handle 的兩種意思，名詞是“柄、把”，動詞是“處理”，這里考察后者。A, 做、創造 B 保持 D改變 均不符題意。39.D 考察代詞及句子理解。開始我不知如何回答是因

22、為我對舞臺設計“一無所知”。 know nothing about sth 對某事一無所知。40.A 考察名詞及篇章理解。解題關鍵詞是本句的 ”respond 回答、響應”, 線索是第二段第一句中的 “ask 提問”及第四句中的“answer 回答”， 因此這里填 “question 問題”這個詞。BD選項是評論，C是解釋，不符題意。41.D 考察動詞及篇章理解。本句的them指代opinions 。form opinion形成觀點 。hold opinion持有某種觀點，form 是個變化的狀態，hold是個持續的狀態，根據文意推斷整理開始并沒有觀點，由于她相信我有觀點所以我形成了觀點，強調

23、形成這個過程，另外Begin to后接有變化感的詞，故選form不選hold. B. follow 遵照,C .evaluate評估與題意差別較大。42.C 考察形容詞及句子理解。解題線索在后半句 “so I began to show up to paint more and more ” 整理做的事情變多是Mrs. Neidl信任的結果，說明我是個可信賴（reliable）的人,C選項符合題意。其他三個選項happy 高興的 lively活潑的和 punctual 準時的都不能表達出這種合理的因果關系。另外迷惑性較大的lively通常用來形容物。 43. B考察名詞及句子理解。引號里是一句

24、鼓勵性質的話，而且前面“that year”也是線索，說明這話是她的motto座右銘。迷惑性較大的C選項saying是諺語的意思，往往是人們長期形成的對生活及經驗的總結，強調群體性及時間性，故不合適，message 信息，suggestion 建議，不合題意。44.D 考察副詞及篇章理解。本題難度較大，解題關鍵詞是介詞“over”，表覆蓋。選擇later 可以理解為“如果沒有畫好，稍后可以再畫一次覆蓋在之前的畫上。” more更多， Instead 代替， 不合題意。迷惑性最大的是again.表示“再一次、又一次”但是放在這里與over意思重復，paint over it later相當于 p

25、aint it again, 故不選A。45.D 考察名詞及篇章理解。take risks 固定搭配，冒險。通讀全文發現整理是開始很不自信，第四段開頭也提示了整理“shy” ,“quiet”,因此動筆畫畫對他來說是個冒險，是自我突破的過程，文章最后一段也提到了take chances冒險，因此選D。take steps是采取措施、步驟的意思，與文章主題不搭，control 和 charge 都有控制的意思，不合題意。46.A 考察動詞及句子理解。Improve upon 改進。線索是本段開頭的座右銘“試試吧，我們永遠可以重畫一次。”因此不存在失敗，只存在改進。Act upon按照、對起作用，l

26、ook upon 看待、考慮，reflect upon  考慮、回顧，均不符題意。47.C 考察副詞及篇章理解。本段主要描寫了整理從不敢做到敢做的過程，根據前文提示整理曾很不自信，后來在Mrs. Neidl的鼓勵下自信地拿起了畫筆，因此選confidently. A easily 容易的。整理超越自我的過程并不容易。B carefully 小心地。創作并不是個小心翼翼的過程。D Proudly 驕傲地。文章中沒有任何體現。48.B 考察動詞。Be recognized as“被公認為、被承認”。 Introduce 介紹、引入，be identified as“ 被確定是”，有驗證身

27、份的意思，be considered as “被認為、被當作”。其中 be recognize as 有“被大家承認、被普遍接受”的意思，表意更準確。49.C 考察動詞。解題關鍵詞是“want ”。整理意識到自己想要的是什么，所以用realized. 迷惑項是decided 決定。可以說決定要什么，但不可以說決定想什么，因為想法是不可控制的。Confirm 證實 acknowledge 承認，與題意差別較大。50.A 考察介詞。Being with sb 與某人在一起。這里不能選of是因為全文第一句話，Mrs. Neidl是“ one of the directors”，所以不能說是她的團隊。

28、Below 和 by 搭配錯誤。51.B 考察動詞。發現了一項愛好和一個未知的世界，選discovered. 迷惑項是developed , 這個詞可以與interest 連用表示形成了某種愛好，但是不可以與world連用表示“形成一個未知世界，”故排除。Take interest 取利，foster 培養，均不合適。52.B 考察動詞及篇章理解。“她教會我不要去在乎別人認為我該怎么做”，care 在乎，符合文意。Accept 接受，judge 判斷 ，wonder 懷疑 均不合文意。53.D 考察形容詞及句意理解。Be afraid害怕。前面說Take chance 冒險，后面理所當然說不要

29、怕（失敗），而且前文反復出現了afraid 這個詞，是全篇的關鍵詞。Bored 無聊的，lazy 懶惰的，sad 傷心的，在文中均無體現。54.A 考察名詞及篇章理解。Trust 信任。通讀全文會發現文中多次提到Mrs. Neidl對整理的信任，并在第三段明確使用了trust這個詞，因此推斷出答案。Patience 耐心，curiosity好奇心，interest興趣，文中均無體現。55.C考察形容詞及篇章理解。“她對我的信任激勵我完成以前認為不可能的事情”， “never imagined possible” 等于 “imagined impossible.” 認為不可能的，貼合文意。Acc

30、essible 容易取得的 enjoyable 有趣的 favorable 有利的贊同的 均不合文意。Passage 3(10·湖南)Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 when/ after their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 an after-school note for their children. They someti

31、mes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 or another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51 better way to "talk" with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52what they want to say before they write.

32、 For53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again People often forget all the details that they 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 off or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very pop

33、ular with parents.48. 答案：When/After解析：該空引導時間狀語從句，句意為：“當他們的孩子們放學回來的時候/以后，他們經常不在家”49答案：an解析：根據空后的單數可數名詞note及after以元音音素開頭可判斷填an50. 答案：or解析：該空填并列連詞or，并列三個名詞51. 答案：better解析：由句意，“便條是與孩子交流的更好方式”可判斷填better52. 答案：what解析：該空引導賓語從句在句中作say的賓語53. 答案：For解析：For another為固定搭配，意為“另一方面”54. 答案：they解析：該空在句中作主語且代指前面的peopl

34、e。故填they55. 答案： off解析：turn off意為“關掉”，即手機被關掉Passage 4(10·上海)The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing _50_. What is the pu

35、rpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, _51_ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in min

36、d a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. _52_ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戲服和化妝). For instance, Lloyd Webber _53_ some of the music beca

37、use the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. When you revise, you change aspects of your work in _54_ to your evolving purpose, or to include _55_ ideas or newly discovered information. Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at t

38、he end of an assignment. _56_, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to _57_. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows _58_. Always make time to be

39、come your own _59_and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you _60_ new ideas.Revising involves _61_ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas yo

40、u present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose _62_ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the _63_ that is, facts, opinions, inferences - that they n

41、eed in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many _64_ details that may confuse readers?50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words52. A. undergone B. skipped C. rejected D. replaced53. A. rewrote B. rele

42、ased C. recorded D. reserved54. A. addition B. response C. opposition D. contrast55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore57. A. discuss B. switch C. exhaust D. cover58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training59. A. director B. mast

43、er C. audience D. visitor60. A. personal B. valuable C. basic D. delicate61. A. mixing B. weakening C. maintaining D. assessing62. A. amazing B. bright C. unique D. clear63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints64. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. concrete D. final【文章大意】修改是作品寫作過程中非常重要且必須的步

44、驟。文章講敘了作品修改的目的和途徑。50.答案：C考點：本題考查名詞辨析解析：參照下文的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.”和“However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage”。名詞technique（技術）、style（風格）、career（事業、生涯）都不符題意。本題難度適中。51.答案：D考點：本題考查介詞短語辨析解析：前面adding, deleting, replacing

45、, reordering都是revising的方面，所以revising和這些名詞同義；介詞短語in other words表示“換句話說”。介詞短語in particular（尤其、特別表強調）、as a result（因此，表結果）、for example（例如，表舉例說明）都不符題意。本題難度適中。52.答案：A考點：本題考查動詞辨析解析：動詞skip（跳遠）、reject（拒絕、抵制）replace（取代）都不符題意。人們觀看的是完美的表演，但表演之前作品經歷了（undergo）多次修改，與上段的“Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of

46、 the Opera underwent such a process.”對應。本題難度適中。53.答案：A考點：本題考查動詞辨析解析：動詞release（釋放、赦免、發行）、record（記錄、錄音）、reserve（保留、預訂）都不符題意。動詞rewrite表示“重寫、修改”，與動詞revise同義，與本篇文話題相關。本題難度適中。54.答案：B考點：本題考查介詞短語辨析解析：介詞短語in addition to表示“而且、除之外還有”，in opposition to表示“與.的意見相反”，in contrast to表示“與.形成對比”，都與本題不符。in response to（作為

47、對的反應）在本句表示“你修改作品是對你想改進作品目的的一種回應”本題難。55.答案：D考點：本題考查形容詞辨析解析：fresh ideas 與后面的newly discovered information對應。本題難度適中。56.答案：B考點：本題考查副詞辨析解析：副詞Moreover（而且）類似與but also表遞進含義，與前面句not just（only）呼應。副詞However（然而，表轉折關系）、Instead（作為替代、反而，表相反含義）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符題意。本題難度適中。57.答案：B考點：本題考查動詞辨析解析：switch topics（變換標題）屬于

48、修改作品的一部分。動詞discuss（討論）、exhaust（汲干、使筋疲力盡）、cover（覆蓋、包含）都不符題意。本題難度適中。58.答案：D考點：本題考查動名詞辨析解析：名詞drafting（起草）、rearranging（重新安排）、performing（表演）都與題意不符。名詞training.（培訓）在本句表示“排練”，與上文dress rehearsals / tryouts同義。本題難。59.答案：C考點：本題考查名詞辨析解析：名詞audience（觀眾）與下句view your dress rehearsal對應。名詞director（導演）、master（主人、大師）、vi

49、sitor（來訪者）都與題意不符。本題難度適中。60.答案：B考點：本題考查形容詞辨析解析：形容詞valuable表示“做自己作品的觀眾能給你有價值的新信息”。形容詞personal（個人的）、basic（基本的）、delicate（嬌貴的、纖弱的、精美的）都與題意不符。本題難度適中。61.答案：A考點：本題考查動詞辨析解析：動詞mix在本句表示“修改就是把作品所有方面的有效性和適當性融合在一起”。本題難。62.答案：D考點：本題考查形容詞辨析解析：形容詞clear在本句表示“我的文章大意或寫作意圖是否清晰”，與下文confuse readers對應。形容詞amazing（令人驚訝的）、bri

50、ght（明亮的、聰明的）、unique（獨特的）都與題意不符。本題難度適中。63.答案：C考點：本題考查名詞辨析解析：后句名稱facts、opinions、inferences都屬于information，與上句newly discovered information對應。本題難度適中。64.答案：A考點：本題考查形容詞辨析解析：形容詞unnecessary details表示“多余的信息”反而使讀者困惑、誤導讀者。形容詞uninteresting（單調的、乏味的）、concrete（具體的）、final（最終的、決定性的）都與題意不符。本題難。2009年高考題Passage 1(09

51、3;浙江)The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end , all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant. We _21_ the first night we had arrived. We had all gone into the markets of the city _22_ the young people could experience its energy. But what we act

52、ually saw simply 23 us all the rundown houses, the children in rags, the people begging for money Walking home, 24 under a low bridge, we came across 25 families of homeless people seeking a bit of dry ground to sleep on 26 he night. We had to step over bodies as we found our way through the darknes

53、s.The poverty(貧困) was 27 than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many 28 and cried. Spending time in this 29 moves a person to care about humanity.That evening, our group spent hours talking about what we had 30 . Gently, I encouraged everyone to talk about the difficult 31 that days discoveries had inspi