1、被動語態(tài)復習一、被動語態(tài)的定義：一、被動語態(tài)的定義： 語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以表語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式，用以表示主語和謂語之間的關系。當主語是示主語和謂語之間的關系。當主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者，則為主動語態(tài)；謂語動作的執(zhí)行者，則為主動語態(tài)；當主語是謂語動作的承受者，則為被當主語是謂語動作的承受者，則為被動語態(tài)。動語態(tài)。 被動語態(tài)由助動詞被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞過去分詞構成，時態(tài)通過構成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。表現(xiàn)出來。 二、各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構成二、各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：You are required to do this.2）一般過去時：一般過去時：The

2、 story was told by her.3）一般將來時：一般將來時：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.4）現(xiàn)在進行時：）現(xiàn)在進行時：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5）過去進行時：）過去進行時：The new road was being made.6）現(xiàn)在完成時：）現(xiàn)在完成時：The novel has been read. 7)情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.1.They make

3、 shoes in that factory. 三、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)三、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成 ：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞過去分詞2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般過去時：一般過去時：S+was/were +過去分詞過去分詞3Ling Feng can take good care of Polly Po

4、lly can be taken good care of by Ling Feng .情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞過去分詞4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時：一般將來時：S+ will+be+過去分詞過去分詞5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.現(xiàn)在進

5、行時：現(xiàn)在進行時： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞過去分詞6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞過去分詞7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.過去進行時：過去進行時： S+ was/were+being+過去分詞過去分詞 四、何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？四、

6、何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：的執(zhí)行者時。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語中含有三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉據(jù)悉”、“有有人說人說”、“大家說大家說”等時。例如：等時。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to th

7、e top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that 四、漢語中含有四、漢語中含有“被被”、“由由”等詞時。等詞時。例如：例如： Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao魏華是被林濤叫來的。魏華是被林濤叫來的。 五、某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：五、某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989 六、表示禮貌時。例如：六、表示

8、禮貌時。例如： You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8：00pmtomorrow敬請您明天晚上敬請您明天晚上8：00光臨我們的英語晚會。光臨我們的英語晚會。 五、在什么情況下不能使用被動語五、在什么情況下不能使用被動語態(tài)呢？態(tài)呢？1.表示狀態(tài)的動詞，如表示狀態(tài)的動詞，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被動語態(tài)。等往往不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如：例如： 【正【正】The shirt fits him very well 【誤【誤】He is fitted very wel

9、l by the shirt 2.祈使句一般沒有被動語態(tài)。例如：祈使句一般沒有被動語態(tài)。例如： 【正【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【誤【誤】The blackboard is looked at by you 3.某些及物動詞的賓語表示處所、地點、某些及物動詞的賓語表示處所、地點、組織時不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如：組織時不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如： 【正【正】He joined the League in 1998 【誤【誤】The League was joined by him in 1998 4.由由“動詞名詞動詞名詞”構成的英語習語（如構成的英語習語（如ma

10、ke faces，make friends，take place等）等）一般不可改為被動語態(tài)。例如：一般不可改為被動語態(tài)。例如： 【正【正】The boy make faces in class 【誤【誤】Faces are made by the boy in class Great changes have taken place in Jinan since last year.5.反身代詞在句中作賓語時，不能用被反身代詞在句中作賓語時，不能用被動語態(tài)。例如：動語態(tài)。例如： 【正【正】You must look after yourself 【誤【誤】Yourself must be l

11、ooked after Practice先將主動句改為被動句，再把先將主動句改為被動句，再把被動句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧渑c否定被動句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧渑c否定句句 1People grow wheat in North China 2They bought ten computers last term 3Some workers are painting the classrooms now 4We have made twenty more beds 5Ling Feng can take good care of Polly.6I was doing my homework at 8：00 last

12、night 一、如主動句含一、如主動句含間賓和直賓間賓和直賓雙賓語；雙賓語；或含省略或含省略to的不定式作賓補，變被動的不定式作賓補，變被動時有何變化呢？時有何變化呢？Uncle Li lent us the boat last week（變被動）（變被動） We were lent the boat by Uncle Li last week The boat was lent to us by Uncle Li last week（加上了（加上了to，有的也加，有的也加for） Mum made me a new dress.I was made a new dress by Mum.A

13、new dress was made for me by my mother. 間賓（人）作被動句的主語，間賓（人）作被動句的主語，一切依舊；而直賓（物）作主語，一切依舊；而直賓（物）作主語，則須在間賓前添加則須在間賓前添加to或或for。加。加to的動詞多為的動詞多為give，send，bring，teach，show，pass，write，ask，tell等；加等；加for的動詞有的動詞有make， draw，buy等。等。 二、二、My parents made me water all these young trees（變被動）（變被動） I was made to water al

14、l these young trees by my parents（加上了（加上了to） 這種主動句中用省這種主動句中用省to的不定的不定式作賓補，變被動時定要加式作賓補，變被動時定要加上上to。這種謂語動詞有。這種謂語動詞有feel，hear，listen to，let，make，have， see，notice，look at，watch（即常言道（即常言道“一感二聽一感二聽三讓四看見三讓四看見”）。）。 Exercises1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students

15、clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）變被動語態(tài)）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doc

16、tor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our wor

17、k_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory wo

18、men do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school st

19、udy German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _? is studiedIs talked by them16.Someone must help me move away the heavy bag.I must _ _ to move away this heavy bag.17.Was the window broken by Tom?（變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)）（變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)）_ Tom_ t

20、he window? be helpedDid break18.The tractor wasnt driven out of the road.He_ _ the tractor out of the road.19.Doesnt Bob clean the street every day?_ the street _ by Bob every day? didnt driveIsnt cleaned20.What can they do to finish the work on time?_ _ _ _ by them to finish the work?What can be done21.None of the children were made to try the new medicine by the doctor.The doctor _ _ _ _ the _ _ the new medicine. didnt make any of children try將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)將下列句子改