1、賓語從句基本講解與練習賓語從句小口訣賓語從句三注意，時態語序引導詞；主句一般現在時，從句不需受限制；主句一般過去時，從句須用相應時；陳述句轉化 that 弓I，一般疑問句用 if/whether,特殊問句疑問詞，弓 I 導詞后陳述式。一、概念在句子中起到賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。二、連接詞1. 陳述句轉化成賓語從句時，引導詞用that (在非正式場合 that 可以省略)。that 在從句中不充當任何成分，也沒有實在意思，只起到連接作用。No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeti ng the next day.沒有人告訴杰克第二

2、天有班 會。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn t pa 小湯姆擔 xam 這次考試不及格。【拓展 1】可跟 that 從句做賓語的動詞有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe,agree, expla in, feel, suggest, hear, mea n, no tic 等。【拓展 2】當主句謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定 時，常把否定轉移至主句表示。I don t think (that) he

3、can give a speech at the meeting 我認為他不會在會上發言的。【拓展 3】 在 think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等動詞以及 I m afrai 等后，可用 so代替一個肯定的賓語從句，用 not 代替一個否定的賓語從句。eg: - Do you believe he will come 你相信他會來嗎-I believe so.我相信會。-I don t believe s 或(believe not.) 我相信不會。2. 以 whether 或 if 引導的賓語從句，主要用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問

4、句意思的賓語從 句，從句是陳述句語序。whether 或 if 在從句中不充當任何成分，意為“是否”。eg: “ May I use your knifeHe asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.【注意 1】從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變為賓語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人 稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。eg: “ Do you know her teleph one nu mberHe asked me.f He asked me whether I know her teleph one nu mber.【注

5、意 2】：一般情況下，whether 和 if 可以互用，但有些情況例外。1當從句做介詞的賓于是只用 whether 不用 if。eg: We are talking about whether well go on the picnic. 我們在討論是否去野餐。2引導詞與動詞不定式或 ornot 連用時，只用 whether。eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 請讓我知道是否開展下一步行動。Could you tell me whether you go or not 能告訴我你是否去嗎3.特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時，引導詞用特殊疑

6、問詞what, which, who, whom, whose,when, where, why, how。弓 I 導詞后要用陳述句語序。疑問詞在從句中充當相應的主語、賓語、 表語、定語、狀語成分，且有自己的意義。eg: Who will give us a talk I dont know.fI dont know who will give us a talk.【注意 1】特殊疑問句變為賓語從句后，句末用問號還是用句號完全取決于主句的句式：如 主句為陳述句、祈使句，句末就用句號；如主句是疑問句，句末就用問號。eg: Do you know Where does he livefDo you

7、 know where he livesWhich subject do you like best He asked me.fHe askedme which subject I liked best.【溫馨提示 1】疑問句中主語之前的助動詞若是do / does / did，變為賓語從句時，要先將其去掉，謂語動詞再根據時態作相應的變化。eg: Why did you come to the party late yesterday Can you tell mefCan you tell me why you came to the party lateyesterday【溫馨提示 2】特

8、殊疑問詞在句中作主語，變為賓語從句時語序不變（時態應作相應變化）。eg: Who can an swer the questio n The teacher asked.fTheteacher asked who could an swer the questi on. 老師問誰能回答這個問題。【溫馨提示 3】特殊疑問句在賓語從句中，要是主從句人稱一致，一般可將賓語從句復合句 改為簡單句。eg: I won der how I can send an e-mail to you.fI won der how to send an e-mail to you.我想知道如何給你發個電子郵件。【特殊

9、情況】：當 do you think 后接特殊疑問句轉化成賓語從句時，句式結構應為“引導詞+ do youthink +陳述句語序”。eg: What do you think he is going to do next 你認為他下一步打算做什么三、賓語從句的時態1. 主句是一般現在時或一般將來時，從句不受主句的限制，根據自身的實際情況需要使用相 應的時態。eg: The worker says （that） he works from Monday to Friday. 那名工人說他從周一至周五上 班。（從句是一般現在時）Joh n says （that） he will leave a

10、message on his desk 勺翰說要在他桌子上留個便條。（從句是一般將來時）They will tell you （that） they are living / lived / will live / have lived in Shanghai. 他們會告 訴你他們正住在上海 / 在上海住過 / 將住在上海 / 一直住在上海。（從句是現在進行時 /一般過去時 /一般將來時 /現在完成時 ）2. 主句是一般過去時，從句須用過去時態的某種形式。eg: He told me that he didn t go to the library yeste 他告訴我他昨天沒去圖書館。（從句

11、是一般過去時）He said （that） he was playing football at that time. 他說他那時在踢足球。 （從句是過去 進行時）He said （that） he would post the letter. 他說他將要寄這封信。（從句是過去將來時 ）They asked me whether I had been there before. 他們問我以前去沒去過那里。（從句是過去完成時 ）【注意 1】如果從句有具體的過去時間狀語，盡管從句動作發生在主句動作之前，有時仍用 一般過去時。eg: She told me her brother died in 1

12、960. 她告訴我她哥哥 1960 年去世的。They said they checked everything yesterday. 他們說昨天他們全部檢查過了。【注意 2】當主句是一般過去時，而賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理、自然現象、科學原理 或格言時，從句仍使用一般現在時態。eg: The teacher told us （that） nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老師告訴我們世上 無難事 ,只怕有心人。四、隨堂鞏固練習1. Have you decided _ for AustraliaA. when will y

13、ou leaveB. when do you leaveA. the tape wasB. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tapeC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me _A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cin

14、emaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4. I think _ you will like him.A. that B. if C. why D. how5. I didn t know _ he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6. I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D.

15、how much are these shoes cost7. She asked me _ .A. who he was B. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8. Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9. I don t know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the mov

16、ie D. the movie what time starts10. The doctor asked me how long _I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11. The weather forecast doesn A. if it rains tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow12. Do you know _A. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen belong toA. was I ill t say _.B. if does it rai

17、n tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowB. whose pen this isD. whom the pen belong toA. the tape wasB. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape13. Could you tell me where _C. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station14. They want to know _A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. w

18、hen the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15. Tony wanted to know _ .A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stocking16. No one knows _ the professor will come to our

19、 school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. whenB. whether C. where D. if17. July didn t know_ .A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18. No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what t

20、o do D. what should we do19. We don t know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to do C. what do itD. what to do20. He asked me _ .A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found

21、outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _A. what did I sayB. what I said C. I said whatD. what I say22. Can you tell me _A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23. - Excuse me. Could you tell me _- Certainly.A. wh

22、en can I get to the station B. I can get to which station24. Could you tell me where _ yesterdayA. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went25. Tom asked me _.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you tell me _A. where s

23、the teacherfsfice oB. where s the bus stationC. what s she doingD. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don t know _ .A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help.- But I don t know _.A. where does he liveB.

24、 where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29. - Can you tell me _- Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said30. Have you decided _ for LondonA. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you going D. when you are going31

25、. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ our ticketsA. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show32. - What are you interested in about cooking food- We are all interested in _ .A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. How egg fries D. how does egg fry33. Do you know _C. which station can I get toD. how I