1、The oceans seemingly limitless,看似無邊無際的海洋invoke in us a sense of awe and wonder and also sometimes fear.讓我們心生敬畏和好奇的同時 也感到恐懼They cover 70% of the surface of our planet,海洋覆蓋了地球70%的表面♥積♥and yet they are still the least explored.卻還是人類最少涉足的地方Hidden beneath the waves right beneath my

2、feet,在我腳下翻涌的波浪中there are creatures beyond our imagination.生活著超乎人類想象的豐富生物With revolutionary technology, we can enter new worlds.革命性的科技帶我們走進一個嶄新的世界And shine the light on behaviours使用上一代人無法實現的方法in ways that were impossible just a generation ago.研究生物的行為習性We've also recognized an uncomfortable fact.我

3、們也認識到了一個令人不安的事實The health of our ocean is under threat.海洋環境的健康正面臨威脅They're changing at a faster rate它們正以人類歷史上than ever before in human history.前所未有的的速度發生著劇變Never has there been a more crucial time現在正是最關鍵的時候to reveal what is going on beneath the surface of the seas.揭示海平面下發生的一切In this first episod

4、e,在第一集中we will journey across the globe我們將縱貫全球from the warm waters of the tropics從熱帶的溫暖水域to the coldest around the poles.到極地的冰冷海洋To bring us a new understanding of live beneath the waves.帶來對波濤之下的生物的全新認識This is Blue Planet II.這里是藍色星球第二季The surface of the ocean海平面以下conceals the many creatures that liv

5、e beneath.隱藏著豐富多彩的生物But not all.但不是全部Bottlenose dolphins.寬吻海豚They're extremely intelligent.它們的智力極其發達And with this intelligence comes playfulness.這使得寬吻海豚十分愛玩They surf.它們會沖浪And as far as we can tell, they do so for the sheer joy of it.據我們觀察 它們純粹以此為樂But to properly appreciate their true character,為

6、了正確認識這種行為的本質you have to travel with them into their world.你需要走進它們的世界中旅行一番A pod of bottlenose dolphins一群寬吻海豚is visiting a coral reef in the Red Sea.造訪了紅海的一處珊瑚礁For the youngsters, there are things to be learned here.這里有年輕海豚需要學習的東西The adults lead a calf to a particular bush-like coral成年海豚帶領幼崽找到一叢灌木狀的珊瑚

7、called a Gorgonian.名叫柳珊瑚And here, the adults behave rather strangely.在這里 成年海豚的行為有些奇怪They deliberately rub themselves through the fronds.它們會故意用全身去蹭柳珊瑚的葉子Their calf seems reluctant to do so.幼崽看起來有點猶豫By watching his elders,通過觀察長輩們he may be realizing that this is something he ought to do.小海豚也許會發現這是它應該做的

8、事Gorgonia fronds, in fact, are covered with a mucous柳珊瑚的葉狀體覆蓋著一層黏液that can have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.有殺菌消炎的作用So maybe the adult dolphins are doing this所以也許成年海豚這樣做to protect themselves from infection.是為了讓自己免受感染The dolphins' intimate knowledge of the reef海豚對珊瑚礁的深入了解is spu

9、rring us to search for new medicines here, too.也給我們提供了發現新藥的思路Tropical coral reefs熱帶的珊瑚礁occupy only a tenth of one percent of the ocean floor.只占海底面♥積♥的十分之一But their shallow warm waters and stable year round conditions,但那里溫暖的淺水區和常年穩定的生境support some of the most crowded and varied

10、communities為海洋中最擁擠且多樣的群落to be found anywhere in the oceans.提供了生存場所And there are new discoveries to be made on every one of them.它們中的每一個都有新的發現等著被揭示One creature on Australia's Great Barrier Reef在澳大利亞的大堡礁中有一種生物is challenging our understanding of fish intelligence.正在挑戰我們對魚類智力的認知A tusk fish.豬齒魚And yo

11、u can see why it gets its name.一看就知道它為什么叫這個名字He does something few would have believed a fish could do.它的某些行為讓人無法相信是魚類能做出來的事Every morning, he travels to the edge of the reef.每天早上 它都會游到礁石的邊緣He's searching for something special to eat它正在珊瑚礁廢墟和砂礫中amongst the coral rubble and sand.尋找一種特殊的食物Here'

12、s one.這有一個A small clam.一顆蛤蜊But how to crack it open and get to the meat?但怎么才能敲開貝殼吃到肉呢He takes it all the way back它把蛤蜊一路帶回到to his special kitchen.自己的特殊廚房♥A bowl-shaped coral一個碗型的珊瑚礁that has a particular bump on the inside that he always uses.里面有一塊它常用的堅硬凸起It's not easy if you have no ha

13、nds.如果你沒長手的話 這活有點難Whoops.哎呦There he goes again.又掉了But he's got great determination但它很有決心and surprising accuracy.而且準度驚人At last.終于開了So here is a fish that uses tools.所以這是一條會用工具的魚Some fish are much cleverer than you might suppose.有些魚比你想象的還要聰明The density of the animals on tropical reefs熱帶珊瑚礁上的動物密度極高

14、makes competition inevitable and extreme.使得競爭變得不可避免而且十分極端Not only for those that lived within the reef,不僅是生活在珊瑚礁里的生物but for the birds that fly above them.連上空的鳥兒們也是一樣During the dry season,每年旱季over half a million terns超過五十萬只燕鷗crowd onto this remote atoll in the Indian Ocean.會遷徙到印度洋上的這個環狀珊瑚島來Their chic

15、ks are still in their dark, juvenile plumage.燕鷗雛鳥的幼羽是暗黑色的They vary in age.年齡不同 羽毛也不同Whilst the more advanced chicks take to the air,大多數發育完全的燕鷗騰空而起others aren't quite ready yet.但有些還沒準備好Those just starting to learn to fly那些剛學會飛翔的燕鷗use the shallow lagoon that occupies the centre of the atoll將這片環狀珊瑚

16、島中♥央♥的瀉湖as their training ground.當作飛行訓練場It's difficult for some of them to stay aloft for long.長時間飛行對這些新手來說不太容易Giant trevallies.珍鲹Usually, they're solitary hunters,珍鲹通常單獨捕獵but about 50 of them have come here from neighbouring reefs但大量潛在食物吸引了attracted by this abundance o

17、f potential prey.近五十條珍鲹從附近島礁聚集而來The fledglings stay out of the water if they can,剛會飛的燕鷗盡可能遠離水面they even drink on the wing.它們甚至會邊飛邊喝水If the trevally are to catch one now,如果珍鲹現在想捉鳥they have to up their game.它們得提高自己的水平了So there is a fish here that amazingly這種魚十分神奇has a brain capable of calculating the

18、airspeed,它的大腦竟然能夠計算出鳥兒的altitude and trajectory of a bird.飛行速度 高度和軌跡The time comes when every fledgling has to take to the air每只小燕鷗最終都會學會飛翔and collect food for itself.自己出去覓食Their parents lead them to the training grounds.父母會帶著它來到訓練場If they're to survive,想要生存下去they must learn quickly.小燕鷗必須迅速學會Afte

19、r a month of practising over the lagoon,在瀉湖上空練習了一個月后the youngsters start to leave小燕鷗們開始離開and take their chances out over the open sea.飛往遼闊海域 面對更大的風險The oceans hold 97% of all the water in the world.海洋儲存著世界上97%的水As the sun warms their surface, water evaporates.陽光使海面升溫 海水蒸發The vapour rises into the sk

20、y水蒸氣升到空中until it cools and condenses into towering clouds.逐漸冷卻凝結成濃密的云朵And they generate huge storms.風暴就此產生The spin of the earth deflects these storms地球的自轉使得風暴向南北兩極移♥動♥north and south into cooler latitudes.進入溫度更低的高緯度地區As they travel across the sea,隨著它們穿過海洋storm-driven winds crea

21、te huge swells.風暴帶來的風吹起巨大的波濤When the swells reach shallower waters,當波濤抵達淺海they rise into gigantic waves.便掀起滔天巨浪In its lifetime, a large storm can release energy一個風暴從產生到結束所釋放的能量that is the equivalent of 10,000 nuclear bombs.相當于一萬顆核彈These are the seasonal seas.這就是季節性海洋And when they warm in spring,當海水在

22、春天變暖they can suddenly explode with life.海洋中會爆發出蓬勃的生命Mobula rays have gathered in Mexico's Sea of Cortez in vast numbers.大量的蝠鲼在墨西哥科爾特斯海域齊聚一堂Why do they leap?它們為什么躍出海面Is it to tell others that they're here?是為了告訴其它蝠鲼自己在這嗎No one knows.無人知曉They feed mostly at night蝠鲼主要在晚上覓食for that is when vast s

23、warms of plankton rise from the depths.因為那時會有成群的浮游生物從海底游上來The disturbance in the water海水的擾動stimulates many of the planktonic creatures to luminesce.刺♥激♥許多浮游生物發光Only now do we have the technology to record their faint glow.直到現在我們才具備捕捉它們微弱光芒的技術The feasting rays swim through them大

24、快朵頤的蝠鲼穿梭其中creating an extraordinary ballet of life and death.交織出一幕無與倫比的生死芭蕾The richness of these waters is based on microscopic plants,海洋的物種多樣性正是基于豐富的phytoplankton,海洋微生物和浮游植物which bloom on such a massive scale they benefit us all.它們的大量繁殖對我們頗有益處They, together with seaweeds and seagrasses,這兩類生物與海藻和海草p

25、roduce as much oxygen共同制♥造♥的氧氣as all the forests and grassy plains on land.等于陸地上所有森林和草原所產生的氧氣總和Every spring off New Zealand,每年夏天的新西蘭the seasonal bounty draws in rare visitors.季節性的美食引來稀客False killer whales.偽虎鯨They're relatives of the orca,它們是虎鯨的親戚six metres long and weighing

26、 over a tonne.身長六米 體重超過一噸♥They appear to be searching for dolphins.它們似乎在尋找海豚And there are many in these coastal waters.這些近海水域里有非常多海豚Here, bottlenose dolphins stick together在這里 寬吻海豚聚在一起constantly chattering with whistles and clicks.不斷用嘯叫和喀拉聲進行交談Such a din carries for miles underwater.這種喧鬧聲

27、在水里可傳到幾公里外The false killers have detected them.偽虎鯨發現了它們Travelling at ten knots, the killers quickly close in on them.以18公里的時速 偽虎鯨迅速追上它們But then, something truly extraordinary happens.但接下來 發生了極其不可思議的事The dolphins turn海豚們調過頭來as if to greet their pursuers.仿佛在迎接它們的追捕者They seem to change their course.雙方的

28、遭遇戰似乎發生了變化Could it be that they're attempting to communicate?它們會不會是在嘗試溝通Scientists studying this annual encounter,研究這種一年一度相會的科學家們now think that individuals may recognize one another.現在認為它們個體之間可能彼此認識Almost unbelievably, it seems that these different species幾乎難以相信 不同物種之間appear to be old friends.似乎

29、也能成為老朋友Together they're gathering as one unified army它們聯合起來 組成一支軍隊up to a thousand strong.足有上千名成員This formidable hunting party now harvests the riches這支聲勢浩大的獵食隊伍現在開始享受that come with New Zealand's summer.新西蘭夏天帶來的盛宴All across the higher latitudes,在整個高緯度地區seasonal seas flourish under the summer

30、 sun.季節性海洋在夏日艷陽下生機盎然Here in Alaska, sea otters lounge in the canopy在阿♥拉♥斯加 海獺懶洋洋地躺在of great submarine forests.巨大海底森林的樹蔭中Giant kelp, the biggest seaweed of all巨藻 世界上最大的海藻is home to all kinds of life.是各種生命的家On the forest floor, spiny sea urchins munch through the kelp.在藻林地表 長刺海膽津

31、津有味地嚼著巨藻Elsewhere there are continuously hungry sea cucumbers.海參也日夜吃個不停And in the tangled undergrowth,在纏繞糾結的矮樹叢中wonderfully camouflaged sea dragons.海龍把自己偽裝得非常完美In the underwater forests of northern Japan,在日本北部的海底樹林中the residents of this sunken wreck住在這艘沉船殘骸里的居民are waiting for the summer temperatures

32、 to reach 16 degrees Celsius.正等待夏天的溫度升至十六攝氏度That for some is the time for mating.對某些物種來說 那是交♥配♥的時節A kind of giant wrasse called a Kobudai.一種叫做金黃突額隆頭魚的巨型瀨魚This is a male.這是一條雄魚And in female terms, he's particularly handsome.在雌性眼中 他非常英俊He's a metre long and weighs 15 kilo

33、s.他身長一米 體重十五公斤Much larger than the diminutive female,比那條嬌小的雌性要大上許多and he is ready to breed.而且他已準備好繁殖后代了He attempts to mate with her他想要和她以及另外十幾條and with any of the dozen or so females that live in his territory,居住在他領地范圍內的雌性♥交♥配whenever he gets the chance.不放過任何一次機會But females fro

34、m around ten years old但十歲左右的雌魚take little notice of his advances.對他的求愛不太重視This is because when any large female這是因為體型大的雌性reaches a critical body size,長到一定尺寸時she can begin a dramatic transformation.她可以發生戲劇性的轉變Over just a few months,經過短短數月particular enzymes inside her body cease to work,她體內一些特殊的酶停止工作a

35、nd male hormones start to circulate.雄性荷爾蒙開始循環As time passes,隨著時間流逝her head expands她的頭漸漸膨脹and her chin gets longer.下顎慢慢變長A she has changed into a he.她變成了他And with this comes a change in temperament.隨之而來的是性情大變The old male who rules all the females here以前統領這里所有雌性的雄魚is challenged to a face off.面臨一場決斗The

36、 more bulbous the head,頭部越突出the more it intimidates an opponent.越能震懾對手The territory has a new ruler.領地有了新的統治者Only the largest females transform themselves in this way.只有體積最龐大的雌性才能發生這種轉化But the change enables them to have more mates,不過這種轉化將使它們得到更多的伴侶so they will have many more offspring carrying thei

37、r genes.也就擁有更多攜帶它們基因的后代But a new male can't afford to be complacent.但是這只新的雄魚也不能大意自滿Inside the body of every Kobudai female,在每條雌性金黃突額隆頭魚的身體里there is a new male in waiting.都有一條雄魚在伺機而動The closer we travel towards the poles,越接近兩極the colder the seas become.海水就越寒冷Icebergs appear.冰山出現了Huge slabs that h

38、ave broken away這些巨大的板塊from glaciers that are sliding into the sea.是冰川斷裂滑落入海洋形成的And then the surface starts to freeze.之后海洋的表面開始結冰While the lights of the aurora play above,極光在空中閃耀even in the depths of midwinter,即使在隆冬時節there are a few places well north of the Arctic circle在北極圈以北的有些區域that are still open

39、.海洋還未冰封The fjords of northern Norway remain ice free挪威北部的峽灣不會結冰because a giant current, the Gulf Stream,是因為墨西哥灣暖流簡稱灣流flows up here from the south自南匯入此處bringing warmth all the way from the Caribbean.從加勒比地區捎來了暖意And every winter,每到冬天billions of herring come here for shelter.數十億鯡魚來到這里避寒And following the

40、m.隨之而來的是.Orca.虎鯨There are up to a thousand of them.種群數量多達數千只It's possibly the greatest gathering of orca on the planet.應該是世界上最大的虎鯨群了The herring maybe plentiful鯡魚數量雖多but in these winding fjords但在蜿蜒曲折的峽灣中they're not always easy to track down.想要追蹤這些鯡魚并非易事These particular orca, however,然而這群虎鯨are

41、 fish hunting specialists.都是捕魚能手They work as a team,它們團隊合作coordinating their approach by calling loudly to one another.利用彼此之間的大聲呼叫來協調路線They herd the herring into tighter and tighter shoals.它們把魚群擠得越來越密集They swim below them,它們在鯡魚群下方游動trapping them against the surface of the sea.把魚群朝著海面的方向驅趕And now the

42、 orca deploy their special weapon.然后虎鯨祭出自己的秘密武器They beat their tails with such force,它們有力地擺動尾巴that the shock waves stun the herring.形成沖擊水波 將鯡魚震暈And then the senseless victims are easily collected.捕獲失去知覺的獵物變得輕而易舉But all this underwater noise attracts others.但是水下的各種噪音引來了其他獵手Humpback whales.座頭鯨They mov

43、e in on the action.它們也加入了捕獵行動They approach the shoal from beneath and then lunge upwards,座頭鯨從下方接近魚群然后突然沖出水面gathering up to a hundred kilos of herring in a single mouthful.一口就可以吃掉多達一百公斤的鯡魚The humpbacks are comparative newcomers.相對來說 座頭鯨算是初來乍到They only started coming here within the last decade.它們數十年前

44、才來到這里But these polars seas are so rich但極地的海洋生物非常豐富that there appears to be enough food for everyone.即使座頭鯨過來 食物還是夠吃Nonetheless, few if any of these riches然而如果不是灣流would be here were it not for the Gulf Stream.很少會有生物來到這個區域Ocean currents, in fact,事實上 洋流are crucial to the well being of our planet.對我們星球的繁

45、榮至關重要They distribute the sun's heat towards the poles它們將太陽的熱量自赤道all the way from the equator,向兩極傳遞maintaining a climate favourable for life almost everywhere.維持著全球各處適宜生存的氣候From creating the weather to producing oxygen,從改造氣候到產生氧氣the seas keep our world healthy.海洋讓我們的世界變得生機勃勃But there are now worr

46、ying signs但是令人擔心的是that conditions in the oceans數千年來一直保持that have remained relatively stable for millennia相對穩定的海洋環境are changing radically.正在發生劇烈的變化Nowhere is this more evident than in the Arctic.這在北極最為明顯Here in the past 30 years,在過去的三十年the extent of the ice in summer has been reduced by 40%.冰川面&h

47、earts;積♥在夏季減少了40%This sudden warming,由于人類活動most likely a consequence of human activity,造成的氣候突然變暖is having a profound impact on its wildlife.對野生動物產生了深遠的影響Walruses are among those that are seriously affected.海象就是眾多受害者之一Every adult female needs to find a safe place所有成年雌性海象都需要找到一個安全的地方where h

48、er 80-kilo pup can rest.供自己八十公斤的幼崽休息The sea ice is retreating海象以往活動范圍內的海冰from much of the walrus' traditional range,正在不斷融化收縮so they now have to haul out on dry land.現在它們不得不在陸地上活動But a herd of hundreds of quarrelsome mothers,但是擠在一群吵吵嚷嚷some weighing almost a tonne,有些甚至重達一噸♥的母海象中間is not

49、an ideal nursery.似乎不是一個理想的育兒場所Walruses on land stick together for good reason.海象在陸地上擠在一起是有原因的Polar bears.北極熊A full grown male walrus is gigantic,成年的雄性海象體型非常龐大too big for even a polar bear to tackle.即使是北極熊也不敢輕易攻擊So the bear is looking for a walrus baby.因此北極熊正在尋找海象幼崽The scent of the bear spreads alarm

50、 through the colony.北極熊的氣味在海象群中蔓延The walruses retreat into the sea.海象決定退回海中The bear knows it won't be able to catch them there.北極熊知道一旦它們入海就很難再捕捉But she too has young ones to feed.但是她也有自己的孩子要哺育What is a mother to do?這只北極熊母親會怎么做呢A mother walrus still needs to find a place海象母親依舊需要找一個地方where her you

51、ng can rest.給她的幼崽休息A melting iceberg might do,一座正在融化的冰山應該能行but she is not the first to find this one.但她不是最先找到這里的Suitable places are already taken.最舒服的地方已經被占領了Other mothers don't want to share.其他海象母親不想與她分享They, too, need a patch of ice她們也需要一塊浮冰where they can protect their young.來保護自己的孩子A desperat

52、e mother has no choice but to barge her way in.絕望的母親別無選擇只能費力擠上去So this time everyone loses.結果所有的海象都失去了這塊地方Finding the right place on these melting shores在這些不斷融化的海岸找到合適的地方gets harder and harder.變得越來越困難Solving these problems together共同解決這些難題helps create a bond so strong讓海象母親和孩子建立堅實的情感聯♥系&am

53、p;hearts;that the mother will stay in contact with her young這使得母親可以在她的余生中for the rest of her life.一直和孩子保持聯♥系♥But who knows now what their future will be.但是誰又能知道它們的未來如何呢As we understand more about the complexity當我們越來越了解of the lives of sea creatures,海洋生物的復雜性so we begin to appreci

54、ate the fragility of their home.我們就會逐漸意識到它們生存環境的脆弱Our blue planet.也就是我們的藍色星球Blue Planet II has been four years in the making.藍色星球第二季歷經四年拍攝The teams have explored every ocean,我們的團隊踏遍每一寸海域seeking extraordinary untold stories,尋找不為人知的精彩故事many new to science.其中許多都是科學上的新發現Bringing a new understanding of l

55、ife beneath the waves.為人們帶來對波濤之下生物群體的新認識The latest diving technology producing no bubbles or noise最新的潛水技術不會產生氣泡或發出聲音has allowed our teams longer and closer encounters.所以我們的團隊能更近距離觀察更長時間To explore our final frontier, the deep,為了探索我們的終極地帶 深海we have spent a thousand hours in submersibles我們乘潛水艇下潛到離海面八百多

56、米的海底over half a mile below the surface.待了近一千小時Innovative new camera technology革新的攝像技術makes it possible to film moments never seen before.讓我們能夠拍下了從未見過的畫面Low-light cameras capture微光攝像機能捕捉到magical events almost invisible to the naked eye.肉眼幾乎不可見的神奇景象Probe cameras give a completely fresh perspective探頭攝像機能以全新的視角into the lives of tiny creatures.展現小型生物的生活Here he comes