1、形容詞和副詞用法總結及練習一、形容詞的用法：（一）概念：形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質或特征，通常可將形容詞分成性質形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類，其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。1 .直接說明事物的性質或特征的形容詞是性質形容詞。【難點】2 .敘述形容詞只能作表語，所以又稱為表語形容詞，這類形容詞大多數以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。例如：afraid, asleep, awake, alone等。（二）形容詞的種類1 .品質形容詞：英語中大量形容詞屬于這一類，他們表示人或物的品質，如：The play wasboring .那出戲很枯燥乏味。You have anhonest face.你有一張誠實

2、的臉。2 .顏色形容詞有少數表示顏色的形容詞，如：She had on a blue coat,她穿了一件藍色的外套。3 . -ing形容詞：有大量現在分詞正在或已經變為形容詞，如：4 . pd形容詞：它們是由它們的過去分詞變過來的，一般有被動意義，多數為品質 形容詞，如：She lookedtired .5 .合成形容詞：warm-hearted熱心的，heart-breaking令人心碎的（三）形容詞的用法和在句中的位置1、形容詞在句中主要可用作：1）定語：What a fine day!2）表語：She lookshappy.3）賓語的補語（構成合成賓語）：Do you think it

3、 necessary?你認為這有必要嗎？4）狀語：He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又餓又累的回到家里。2、形容詞在句中的位置：有的形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之前，稱為前置形容詞；少數形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之后，稱為后置形容詞。1）當名詞被多個前置形容詞修飾時，形容詞之間有一個先后順序問題。 一般規 則為：（限定詞）-一般描繪性形容詞-表示大小、長短、高低的形容詞-表示年齡、 新舊的形容詞-表示國籍、地區、出處的形容詞-表示物質、材料的形容詞f（名 詞）0如：There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the vil

4、lage.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石橋。【重點】2）當形容詞詞組 相當于一個定語從何時，或形容詞用來修飾somebody,something, anything, nothing等的時候，便會出現后置形容詞。如：The boy interested in music is my brother.對音樂趕興趣的那個男孩是我弟弟。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 你有什么趣聞告訴我們嗎？二、副詞的用法：（一）概念：用以修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞 的詞叫做副詞。例如：not （不），here （這里），now （現在）。不少副詞同時也可

5、用作介詞或其它詞類。如：Have you read this book before?副詞，作時間狀語）你以前讀過這本書嗎？He w川 arrive before ten o '（效詞鼠 before ten o ' cl比介詞短語，作時問狀語）他將在10點鐘前到達。（二）副詞的種類1、時間副詞有三類： always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardl般位于系動詞、情態動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞1）表示發生時間的副詞：It ' s beginning to raiow! 現在開始下雨了！2）表示頻繁程度的副詞

6、，也稱頻度副詞 always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系動詞、情態動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞：She often changes her mind.她常改變主意。3）還有一些其他表示時間的副詞：He hasjust had an operation.他®動過手術。2、地點副詞：1）有不少表示地點的副詞：She is studyingabroad.她在國外留學。2）還有一些部分與介詞同形的副詞。它們與介詞同形，跟賓語的是介詞，否則是副詞：用作介詞：Standup!起立！用作副詞：A cat climbe

7、d up the tree.貓爬上了樹。3）以where構成的副詞也是地點副詞：It ' s the samerywhere. 到處都一樣。 【重點】3、方式副詞1）英語中有大量方式副詞，說明行為方式（回答 how的問題）： How beautifully your wife dances.你夫人舞跳的真美。2）還有相當多的副詞，表示某些情緒：She smiledgratefully .她感激的笑了笑。3）還有一些以-ly結尾的副詞，表示動作發生的狀況：He left the town secretly.他悄然離開了這座城市。【重點】4、程度副詞和強調副詞1）程度副詞可修飾動詞，表示到

8、某種程度"：Is she badly hurt?她傷得重說明這類副詞除修飾動詞外，還可修飾形容詞（a）或另一副詞（b）:a. fairly simple 相當簡單 quite correct 完全正確b. wonderfully well 好極了 do it very quickly 干得很快 【重點】2） much是一個特殊的程度副詞，它可以：a.修飾形容詞等：I ' m not uch good at singing.我唱歌不太好。b.修飾比較級：You sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer

9、 than ours.他們的房子比我們的好多了。 【重點】5.疑問副詞和連接副詞1）疑問副詞：疑問副詞用來引導特殊問句：how: How is your grandmother?你奶奶身體好嗎？where: Where does she come from?她是哪兒人？when: When can you come?你什么時候能來？why: Why was he so late?他為什么來得這么晚？2）連接副詞：連接副詞意思和詞形都和疑問副詞一樣，但都引導從句或與不定式連用：how: Do you know how to start this machine?你知道這臺機器怎樣啟動嗎？ whe

10、re: I don ' t knowhere he lives.我不知道他住在哪兒。（引導賓語從句） when: Tell me when you' ll be read消訴我你什么時候準備好。（引導賓語 從句）why: That' why I came round.這就是我來的原因。（引導表語從句）6. 一些其它類型的副詞，如表示方向的副詞：Let ' s goside.咱們到里面去。Take two stepsforward .向前走兩步。（三）副詞的位置1 .副詞修飾動詞時，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如：Usually I do my homework

11、 in the evening.（旬首）通常我晚上做家庭作業。I often get up at six.何中）我常在6點起床。Please spealslowly.（旬末）請慢慢說。2 .副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常放在形容詞或副詞的前面如：These flowers arequite beautiful.（在形容詞前）這些花相當漂亮。He works very hard.（在副詞前）他工作很努力。 但也有例外，如：She is old enough to go to school.（在形容詞后）她已到了 上學的年齡。3.按一般規則，既有地點狀語又有時間狀語時，地點狀語應放在時間狀語之前。如

12、:We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon.我們昨天下午在教室開了一個會。He watched TV at home last night.他昨晚在家看電視。說明形容詞一般修飾名詞，副詞一般修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞。一些形容詞后加上-ly 可以變成副詞，如 slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully【基礎練習】(一)用所給詞的正確形式填空1. The Greens are(happy) to live in this(noise) street. They have decided

13、to move to another place.2. The panda has been (die) for about two months.3. I like her dress. It looks very(beauty).4. Don ' t feel(worry) about your child. The whole class would be(friend) to the new classmate.5. The(finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.6. It L_s(possible) for

14、an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.7. It ' s_a(please) trip for all of us.8. The children in China are living a(color) life.9. It was an(amaze) match. It amazed us.10. He felt very (sleep) and fell (sleep) soon when he lay in bed.11. We all had a very(enjoy) time at the party.(二)選擇最佳答案()1. The

15、se oranges taste.A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well()2. I can ' t pay as he asked for.A. a as high price B.as a high price C.as high price D.as high a price()3. We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?I have to do many things this evening . I' m, you see .A. fr

16、ee B. glad C. sorry D. busy()4. Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. OK. Let ' s give him to eat.A. something different B. different anythingC. anything differentD. different something( )5.The person is talking with the doctor.A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness()6. The day is bright an

17、d. LetWalS go for aA. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy()7. Look !beautiful that lake is !A. What BThow C. How a D. What a()8. -1 won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.-I won't,.A. neither B. either C. too D. also()9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it,.A. too B. either C. ne

18、ither D. also()10.That maths problem is difficult nobody can work it out.A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but()11. What' s on the desk?It，s.A. a new green bag B. new green bag C. a green mew bag D. a bag new green ()12. The night was very, so he had to take off his shoes.A. quiet; q

19、uietly B. quite; quickly C. late; quick D. quite; quietly()13. He to school to clean his classroom.A. always comes earlyB. comes always earlyC. always early comesD. come always earlier()14. I got up today.A. later B. more lately C. lately D. late()15. Alice goes to school at seven.A. usual B. usuall

20、y C. hard D. a little三、形容詞的比較等級：(一)形容詞的比較級和最高級的構成1 .單音節詞和少數雙音節詞的比較級和最高級的構成情況構成方式原級比較級最高級一般情況加-er 或-estnew longnewer longernewest longest以e結尾的詞加-r或-stfine latefiner laterfinest latest以“輔音+y”變y為i再加-erearlyearlierearliest結尾的詞或-esthappyhappierhappiest重讀閉音節的先雙寫輔音字hothotterhottest詞末尾只有一母，再加-er或thinthinner

21、thinnest個車有音字母-estfatfatterfattest2 .多音節詞和部分雙音節詞在其前面加more或most。如：原級比較級最高級usefulmore usefulmost usefuldifficultmore difficultmost difficultdeliciousmore deliciousmost delicious【重點】3 .有幾個形容詞的比較級和最高級屬于不規則變化。原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestol

22、dolderoldest（二）形容詞比較級的用法1 .形容詞的比較級可以單獨使用：Be more careful next time. 下次小心點。Which book is better?哪本書更好？2 .也可以和than連用，表示兩者相比，than后可以跟：a.名詞或代詞：He is older than me / I .他年齡比我大。b.動名詞：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c.從句：I was a better singer than he was.我唱歌比他好。（三）形容詞比較級的修飾語1 .形容詞比較級前可加 much,

23、 a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之類表示程度的狀語： He' s feeling much better today.他感至U今天好多了。2 .也可在比較級前 any, no, some, even, stil這類詞： Do you feel any better today?你今天感覺好一點了嗎？3 .比較級前還可加其他表示數量的詞：My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我/、十歲。【難點】（四）形容詞比較級的特殊用法1 .和more有關的詞組：1） the more - the more 越就越。例如

24、：The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.越努力, 進步越大。2） no more than 與樣。例如：The officials could see no more than the Emperor.官員們看到的和皇帝一樣多。3） more than超過，不只是。例如：There are more than two thousand people in the hall.2 .和less有關的詞組1） less than不到 不太：It was ready in less than a week.2） no les

25、s than多達 不少于No less than 2 million people came.至少來了 2 百萬人。3） more or less基本上 大體上 大約The work is more or less finished.這項工作基本上完成了。3 .還有as +形容詞或副詞原級 + as1） not so/as - as.例如：He cannot run so/as fast as you他沒你跑得快。2）當as- - as中間有名詞時采用以下格式：as鏤容詞+ a +單數名詞/；as + manymuch 銘詞。例如：This is as good an example as t

26、he othe門蛆個例子和另外一個一樣好。I can carry as much paper as you can你能搬多少紙，我也能。3）表示倍數的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語時，放在as的前面。例如：This room is twice as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。 Your room is the same size as mine.你的房間和我的一樣大。（五）形容詞最高級用法1. the +最高級+比較范圍1）形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞the,例如：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠

27、是世界上最大的沙 漠。說明形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義，只表示“非常"。例 如：It is a most important problem. =lt is a very important problem.這是個彳艮重 要的問題。注意：使用最高級要注意將主語包括在比較范圍內。（錯）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.（對）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2） 下列詞可修飾最高級，by far, far, much, mostly, almost例如： This hat

28、 is nearly / almost the biggest.這帽子差不多是最大的了。注意：序數詞通常只修飾最高級。例如：Africa is the second largest continent非洲是第二大洲。3）最高級的意義有時可以用比較級表示出來。例如：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.或者：Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.（六）形容詞最高級的特殊用法1 .形容詞最高級可用作表語，這時定冠詞the可以省略。例句：I think her plan

29、 is best.我認為她的計劃最好。2 .形容詞最高級還可和 at構成許多短語作狀語，如 at best, at least, at mos等。 例句:I , II be with you at latest by ten我最遲十點鐘就來陪你。【基礎練習】()1 Your room is than mine.A. three time bigB. three times bigC. three times bigger D. bigger three times()2 When spring comes, it gets.A. warm and warmB. colder and colde

30、rC. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter()3 he read the book,he got in it.A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interestingC. The more; the more interestedD. More; more interested()4 I like one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older()5 Which do you like,

31、 tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most()6 This work is for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult()7 Who jumped of all?A. farB. farther C. farthest D. the most far()8 Li Lei is student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest()9 T

32、om is one of boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall()10 English is one of spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languagesC. most important language D. the most important language()11. Most of the woods been taken good care of.A. are B. is C.

33、has D. have()12 I'm not to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough()13 Which is, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest()14 Do you have to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything ()15. Mo

34、st of the people in Guangdong are getting.A. more and rich B. more rich and more richC. richer and richer D. rich and rich四、副詞的比較等級：(一)概念：副詞和形容詞一樣，也有原級、比較級和最高級三個等級。其構成方式有 規則變化和不規則變化兩種情況。規則變化的一般規律是：單音節詞的比較級和最高級在詞尾加-er或-est;多音節詞以及-ly結尾的副詞（early除外），前面加more 或most.。不規則的變化式只能采用 各個擊破”的辦法去記憶。1）規則變化原級比較級最高級s

35、oonsoonersoonestloudlouderloudestfastfasterfastestwidewiderwidestearlyearlierearliesthappilymore happilymost happilycarefullymore carefullymost carefully_|原級比較級最高級wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfarther （距離） further （程度）farthest furthestPlease stay at2）不規則變化（二）副詞的比較級的用法1、單獨

36、使用：Try to do better next time.下次爭取干好一點。He' ll come back sooner。門ater 他遲早會回來的。Please speak more slowly.請講慢一點。2、和than一起使用：He swims better than I do.他游泳游得比我好。Can you do any better than that?你能不能干的好一些？He arrived earlier than usual.他至 U 的比平時早。3、比較級前可有狀語修飾：You must work much faster.你必須大大加快干活的速度。Can yo

37、u come overa bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快點來嗎？4. as as not so as構這兩個結構也可結合副詞使用：1） asas可用在肯定句中，表示像一樣”，后面的副詞要用原級:She can run as fast as a dee她能跑的像鹿一樣快。2）在否定句中，as - as口 soas都可以用：I don ' t go there as much as I used®在到那里不象過去那么多了。I didn ' t do as（so） well as I should做的不如我應做的那么好。3）這種句子中也可以有一個表示程度的狀

38、語：She can read twice as fast as he does&閱讀的速度比他快倍。（三）副詞最高級的用法：副詞最高級可修飾動詞，前面多數不帶定冠詞 the:He laughs best who laughs last.諺語）誰笑在最后誰笑的最好。Of the four of us, I sang （the） worst.我們四人中我唱的最差。（四）副詞比較級和最高級的一些特殊用法：副詞比較級和最高級還可用在一些特別結 構或短語中。1） more and more 越來越 ：It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越來越大了。She we

39、nt farther and farther away.她越走越遠了。2） the more th more 越，越一：The more I work, the more I accomplish.我干得越多， 完成的就越多。3） had better 最好:We d better not disturb him.我們最好不要打擾他。What had we better do?我們最好怎么辦？英語中考考綱基礎知識練習（形容詞和副詞）A卷選擇填空：1 .Peter looked when he learned that he hadn' apecsaed the finA, sadly

40、B, sad C, happily D, happy2 .Jack did badly at the school sports meeting. I did even.A, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly3 .Billy, is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen? It smells so!A, well B, badly C, nice D, pretty4 .The car stopped so that the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely

41、 B, immediately C, suddenly D, soon5 .We must finish cleaning the office.A, as soon as possibleB, as quickly as soonC, as possible as soonD, as soon as possibly6 .What she said this time sounds.A, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, truly7.I didn ' t work my brother when I was young.A, as hard a

42、s B, harder C, hardest D, hardly8.I ' m going to move. It ' s too noisy in our neighbourhood.A, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, anywhere D, quiet anywhere 9.Last year, 15 typhoons 臺風）hit China and Khanun was.A, strong B, strongest C, stronger D, the strongest10.It ' s a good habit

43、to keep the classroom all the time.A, cleanly B, clearly C, clear D, clean11.When class was over, our maths teacher came intothe classroom and said, your seat. I have gotto announce.”A, nothing important B, important somethingC, important nothing D, something important12.In the exam, the you are, th

44、e mistakes you' II make.A, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewer 13.What is joke you have ever heard?A, more funny B, the more funny C, the most funny D, the funniest 14.This kind of material feels silk.A, differently from B, the same to C, differe

45、nt as D, different from15.A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were among the five Olympicmascots吉祥物）.A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular 16.A: Is there in today newspaper?B: Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything

46、newC, new nothingD, new anything1 7.Visitors in the orchard can eat as fruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, most18 .AII of us were very when we heard the news.A, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited19 .Eddie, my best frind Ben.A, is as high asB, w

47、orks as careful asC, doesn ' t sing as beau明團臺 D, writes more better than20 .Tom never does his homework Alice. So he makes more mistakes.A, as carefully as B, so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than21 .Water pollution is one of in our country.A, serious problemB, the more seri

48、ous problemsC, most serious problemsD, the most serious problems22 .The pizza was too small, so she decided to look for to eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other something23 .We are too tired and hungry. So our steps are getting.A, slow and slower B, slower and slowestC

49、, slower and slower D, more and more slowly24 .Most children in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls. They look so.A, nicely B, happily C, beautifully D, lovely25.In winter, Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi 選子）to keep themselves.A, warm B, warmly C, cold D, coldly26.In order to ke

50、ep healthy, you should eat fast food, fresh vegetablesand takeenough excises.A, fewer, fewer B, fewer, more C, less, more D, less, fewer27.Don ' Worry, My sister is to take care of little Betty.A, enough carefully B, enough careful C, carefully enough D, careful enough28.Of all the students in o

51、ur class, Jack is.A, taller B, tallest C, the tallest D, very tall29.In order to get full marks, Tim always does his lessons very.A, more carefully B, most carefully C, much carefully D, carefully30.A: Is there in today ' s newspaper?B, Yes. It says that President Hu Jintao has reached Washingto

52、n.A, anything importantB, any important thingC, important anythingD, any thing important詞性變換：1.1 don ' t like him and it would be of me to do the opposite, (honest)2.Our holidays in Thailand were really and unforgettable, (enjoy)3 .The government is doing everything possible to help those people

53、 after theearthquake. (home)4 .Put on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard. (clear)5 .The war made millions of people. (home)6 .What is the most animal in the forest? (power)7.It is to travel by train than by air. (cheap)8.It is for him to finish the job in two hours. He is so

54、slow, (possible)9., over 28,000 civilians (TM) lost their lives during the three-year war in Iraq, (sad)10.1 feel quite comfortable at home when it is raining outside, (heavy)11.Jack is such a fellow, for he always leaves this or that at the office,(forget)12.lt is not to eat food with Sudan I 蘇丹紅 1

55、 #). (safely)13 .Lily is enough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High SchoolEnglish Contest. (luck)14 .We" d better drive our cars on rainy days, (slow)15.One starry night, when the seven little dwarfs went back home from work, they foundsomething at once. (usual)B卷1.1 m shortsighte

56、d and I can't see the words onthenotice board.A, clear B, clearly C, carefullyD,good2 .Jean works hard bdi she doesn ' twork Mary.A, as harder than B, as hard than C,as harder as D,as hard as3 .This is book in our library.A, the most interesting B, most interesting C, the more interesting D, more interesting4 .Do you think maths is important than English?A, very B, as C, more D, quite5 .They got a Christmas tree and it was ours.A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as6 .Tom failed in the exam. He looked.A, ha