1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)知識(shí)精講一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+ has/have + done (過(guò)去分詞)三、基本用法用法示例表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。He has already obtained a scholarship.他已經(jīng)獲得了一份獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。I havent seen much of him recently.我最近已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有看到他。表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和for, since連用。Peter has written six papers

2、for three years.三年內(nèi)彼得已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了六篇論文。He has lived here since 2005.自從2005年以來(lái)，他一直住在這兒。四、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1. yet (常用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中), already (常用于肯定句中)2. since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過(guò)去時(shí)的從句（譯為：自從以來(lái)）3. for+時(shí)間段4. just, so far, recently, never, ever, twice5. in the past / last few days五、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化情況變形示例一般情況加-edwork-workedvisit-visited以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾加-dl

3、ive-lived輔音字母加y結(jié)尾把y變i，加-edstudy-studiedcry-cried重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾雙寫(xiě)尾字母，再加-edstop-stoppeddrop-dropped六、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的不規(guī)則變化：原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞AAA型bursthurtcuthitreadbursthurtcuthitreadbursthurtcuthitreadAAB型beatbeatbeatenABA型runcomerancameruncomeABB型bringbuycatchfeelfindkeepmaketeachtellthinkbroughtboughtcaughtfeltfoundkeptmad

4、etaughttoldthoughtbroughtboughtcaughtfeltfoundkeptmadetaughttoldthoughtABC型beginbreakchoosedriveforgetgiveknowswimwritebeganbrokechosedroveforgotgaveknewswamwrotebegunbrokenchosendrivenforgottengivenknownswumwritten七、相關(guān)句式hashave主語(yǔ)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第一/二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)肯定式He has turned the light off. They have already rea

5、d this book.否定式He hasnt turned the light off. They havent read this book yet.疑問(wèn)式Has he turned the light off? Have they read this book yet?簡(jiǎn)略回答Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.Yes, they have. / No, they havent.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + done+其它.否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 答語(yǔ)：Yes,主語(yǔ)+

6、has/have. / No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent八、瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：在完成時(shí)中，一個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞不能直接與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(for, since等)連用。此時(shí)須將該瞬間動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞：buy  (bought)have / has had   買(mǎi)  borrow (borrowed)have / has kept   借 die  (died)have /&

7、#160;has been dead   死 leave  (left)have / has been away ( from ) 離開(kāi) begin (began)have / has been on  開(kāi)始  join  (joined)have / has been in &

8、#160; 參加 go (went)have / has been there / in   去 come/arrive/reach/get tohave / has been here / in  來(lái)/達(dá) end (ended)have/has been over 結(jié)束例：The film began five

9、60;minutes ago.   -The film has been on for five minutes. -It has been five minutes since the film began. 用“be形容詞”代終止性動(dòng)詞  1. “ bemarried” 代替marry  2. “beill” 代替fall (get) 

10、;ill  3. “bedead” 代替die 4. “beasleep” 代替fall (get) asleep  5. “beawake” 代替wake/wake up  6. “begone” 代替lose, die, sell, leave  7. “beopen” 代替open  8. “be closed” 代替close/shut用“be副詞”代終止性動(dòng)詞    1. “beon” 代替sta

11、rt, begin    2. “beup” 代替get up3. “beback(to)” 代替return to, come back to, go back to  4. “be here (there)” 代替come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等等用“be介詞短語(yǔ)”代終止性動(dòng)詞  1.”be in/at&#

12、160;+地點(diǎn)” 代替go to /come to    2.”用be in the army” 代替join the army    3.”be in/at +地點(diǎn)” 代替move to 三點(diǎn)剖析一、考點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；以及動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。二、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)： has gone (to); has been (to); has been (in) 三者的區(qū)別。1. h

13、as gone to：表示某人已去了某地，（現(xiàn)未回來(lái)）（不可與for+一段時(shí)間連用）。例：-Where is Tom? 湯姆在哪里？-He has gone to Shanghai. 他已經(jīng)去了上海。2. has been to：表示去過(guò)某地，（現(xiàn)已回來(lái)）（不可與for+一段時(shí)間連用）。例：I have been to New York three times so far. 到目前為止，我已經(jīng)去過(guò)紐約三次了。3. has been in：表示一直呆在某地，常與時(shí)間段搭配。例：I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部隊(duì)已經(jīng)呆了五年多了。

14、題模精選題模一：基本用法例1.1.1 I _ already _ in this school for three years.A was; studyingB are; studyingC will; studyD have; studied例1.1.2 I _ English since 2010.A have learntB have learnC learntD learn例1.1.3 I _ my pencil yet.A have findB havent foundC foundD find例1.1.4 Mr. Brown isnt at home. He _ to his of

15、fice.A has beenB has goneC has goD went題模二：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞變化規(guī)則例1.2.1 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She _ (live) in Hubei for two years.例1.2.2 You neednt tell him. I _ (tell) him already.例1.2.3 We _ just _ (have) our lunch.例1.2.4 Peter _ (live) in his hometown since he left here.例1.2.5 They _ (not read) the interesting books

16、 yet.題模三：句型轉(zhuǎn)換例1.3.1 I have been there for two years.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_例1.3.2 My father has lived here since 2000.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1 Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A was; studyingB will; studyC has; studiedD are; studying隨練1.2 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little gi

17、rl.A knowB had knownC have knownD knew隨練1.3 His father _ the Party since 1978.A joinedB has joinedC was inD has been in隨練1.4 -Our country _ a lot so far.-Yes. I hope it will be even _.A has changed; wellB changed; goodC has changed; betterD changed; better隨練1.5 Her grandfather _ for two years.A has

18、been deadB has diedC diedD has been died隨練1.6 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2. Both of them _ (be) in Hong kong for ten days.3. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).4. Mary lost her pen. _ you_ (see) it here and there?5. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?6. All of my

19、 classmates are not in classroom. Maybe they _ (go) to the library.隨練1.7 Miss Green isnt in the office. She_ to the libraryA wentB wasC has goneD has been隨練1.8 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. I have ever been to India and Russia.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_2. Ive worked here for&#

20、160;ten years.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_3. Mike has already found his watch.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_自我總結(jié)課后作業(yè)作業(yè)1 -Do you know him well?- Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago.A wereB have beenC have becomeD have made作業(yè)2 Tom and Jack _ West Hill Farm already.A have gotB have a

21、rrived atC have been toD have reached作業(yè)3 -Where have you _, Kate?-Ive _ to the bank.A gone; goneB been; beenC gone; beenD been; gone作業(yè)4 My parents _ Shandong for ten years.A have been inB have been toC have gone toD have been作業(yè)5 Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes.A had begunB has been onC began.作業(yè)

22、6 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We _ already _ (return) the book.2. My father _ (read) this book since yesterday.3. Jack _ (finish) his homework already.4. -Are you thirsty?-No, I _ just _ (have) some orange.5. My father _ (read) the novel twice.6. -Where is Jim?- He _ (go) to England.作業(yè)7 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Linda has 

23、;gone to the teachers office.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_2. I have already seen the film.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_3. She has watched the film twice.否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_肯定回答：_否定回答：_答案解析現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)題模精選題模一：基本用法例1.1.1【答案】D【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。already和for+時(shí)間段 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)

24、間狀語(yǔ)。再由句意“我已經(jīng)在這個(gè)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)了三年了。”可知，故選D。例1.1.2【答案】A【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。再由句意“自從2000年我就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)了。”可知，故選A。例1.1.3【答案】B【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。yet是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。再由句意“我還沒(méi)有找到我的筆。”故選B。例1.1.4【答案】B【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。has/have been to 去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)已回；has/have gone to 去了某地，現(xiàn)未回。再由句意“布朗先生不在家，他去辦公室來(lái)了。”可知，故選B。題模二：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞變化規(guī)則例1.2.1

25、【答案】 has lived【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。for+時(shí)間段 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。live的過(guò)去分詞形式為lived。故填has lived。例1.2.2【答案】 have told【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。already是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。tell的過(guò)去分詞形式為told。故填have told。例1.2.3【答案】 have; had【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。just是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。have的過(guò)去分詞形式為had。故填have; had。例1.2.4【答案】 has lived【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在

26、完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。live的過(guò)去分詞形式為lived。故填has lived。例1.2.5【答案】 havent read【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。yet是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。read的過(guò)去分詞形式為read。故填havent read。題模三：句型轉(zhuǎn)換例1.3.1【答案】 否定句：I havent been there for two years.疑問(wèn)句：Have you been there for two years?肯定回答：Yes, I have.否定回答：No, I havent.【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句

27、型轉(zhuǎn)換。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + done+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它。疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+has/have. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent.例1.3.2【答案】 否定句：My father hasnt lived here since 2000.疑問(wèn)句：Has your father lived here since 2000?肯定回答：Yes, he has.否定回答：No, he hasnt.【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + do

28、ne+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它。疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent.隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1【答案】C【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。already 和for+時(shí)間段是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選C。隨練1.2【答案】C【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選C。隨練1.3【答案】D【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選D。隨練1.4【答案】C【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。so far是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選C。

29、隨練1.5【答案】A【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。for+時(shí)間段 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選A。隨練1.6【答案】 1. lived2. have been3. has passed; left4. Have; seen5. Have; found6. have gone【解析】 1. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填lived。2. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。for+時(shí)間段 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填have been。3. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填has passed; lef

30、t。4. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。由句意可知瑪麗丟了自己的筆，此事對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，以至于問(wèn)別人有沒(méi)有看到。故填Have; seen。5. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。yet是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填Have; found。6. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。由句意可知“同班同學(xué)已經(jīng)去了圖書(shū)館”。故填have gone。隨練1.7【答案】C【解析】 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。隨練1.8【答案】 1. 否定句：I havent ever been to India and Russia.疑問(wèn)句：Have

31、 you ever been to India and Russia?肯定回答：Yes, I have.否定回答：No, I havent.2. 否定句：I havent worked here for ten years.疑問(wèn)句：Have you worked here for ten years?肯定回答：Yes, I have.否定回答：No, I havent.3. 否定句：Mike hasnt found his watch yet.疑問(wèn)句：Has Mike found hi

32、s watch yet?肯定回答：Yes, he has.否定回答：No, he hasnt.【解析】 1. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + done+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它。疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+has/have. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent.2. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + done+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它。疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 肯

33、定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+has/have. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent.3. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。肯定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have + done+其它。否定句：主語(yǔ)+has/have +not+ done+其它。疑問(wèn)句：Has/ Have+主語(yǔ)+done+其它? 肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+has/have. 否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+hasnt/havent.作業(yè)1【答案】B【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選B。作業(yè)2【答案】D【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。already是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選D。作業(yè)3【答案】B【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。has/

34、have been to 去過(guò)某地現(xiàn)已回，再由句意可知，故選A。作業(yè)4【答案】A【解析】 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。has/ have been in 待在某地，可以跟一段時(shí)間連用。再由句意可知，故選B。作業(yè)5【答案】C【解析】 時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)for ten minutes可知表示動(dòng)詞的持續(xù)，故選擇用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞been on，選項(xiàng)C正確。作業(yè)6【答案】 1. have; returned2. has read3. has finished4. have; had5. has read6. has gone【解析】 1. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則。already是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填have; returned。2. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分