1、長難句分析一、長難句的分類1、帶有較多成分的簡單句。如：Having chosen family television programs and womens magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific womens magazines to be used.2、含有多個簡單句的并列句。如：In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonder

2、ful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.Discrimination(歧視) isnt their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntingtons gene(基因) develops symptoms(癥狀) during middle age， and doctors can do nothing to help.3、含有多個從句的復合句。如：I cant live in fear of the possibility

3、that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生) graduate w

4、ith the belief that the prospective(預期的) workplace may not have a place for them.4、含有多個插入成分的句子。如：His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（無知地） enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new elect

5、ronic-mail system.5、并列復合句。如：I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故意破壞行為），and at the times he went up the

6、 stairs to the upper deck to collect fares，vandalism did not often occur.二、長難句分析步驟1、首先確定句子是簡單句、復合句或并列句。2、如果是簡單句，首先確定主謂結構；接著確定賓語和賓語補足語（如有的話）；然后確定定語和狀語等次要成分，即找出主語、謂語和賓語各自的修飾語。按照所確定的各個成分，給出全句大意（可用翻譯法）。譯文意思應當通順，并和上下文意義基本吻合。如意義出入較大，文理不通，則分析可能有誤，這時應考慮重新進行句子結構分析。3、如果是并列句，首先應找出并列連詞并把全句分解為若干個分句；接著按照簡單句的分析方法再

7、細分各分句的內部結構和句意；后全句綜合考慮。4、如是復合句，首先找出從屬連詞并確定出主句，這時應特別注意連詞省略現象和多義連詞在句中的確切含義；接著按照簡單句的分析方法再細分各分句的內部結構和句意；然后確定從句的性質，即該從句在句中修飾什么詞語或結構；最后整體考慮全句大意，尤其要注意對修飾語的判斷是否準確。三、長難句分析的注意事項在分析句子成分時，還應特別注意下列幾點：1、是否有同位語和插入語。2、是否有省略、倒裝和分隔等現象。3、替代詞的所指對象。4、判斷并列成分的層次。5、句首的并列連詞and、or、but、for通常起承上啟下的作用，不要將他們歸入后文的句法分析。6、在從句多的句子中，從

8、句中又包含從句的現象。7、非限定動詞短語在句中作次要成分（定語和狀語）時又帶著自己較長的從屬成分，尤其是狀語從句或賓語從句時的結構分析。8、在有多個從句的復合句和并列句中，狀語（單個詞、短語或從句）究竟是全句的修飾語還是某個從句或詞語的修飾語。練習：1.Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, where average winter temperatures are usually minus 20 degrees centigrade, to the 8,892-kilometre-long border wit

9、h the USA to the south, which is the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police.                                 

10、;    2.Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest.3.As a modern, dynamic city, Montreal has a lively night scene, with many restaurants and clubs, as well

11、 as cultural and street festivals to ensure that no visitor is ever bored.4.It also has superb scenery, a beautiful harbour, and all the comforts of modern life and international cuisine, in addition to being close to some very popular ski areas.5.The waterfalls, the largest of which is shaped like

12、a semicircle, are 670 metres wide, and fall 56 metres in an awesome white sheet of water.6.Although only a handful of people became successful, many stayed and built settlements in the area, and there are now many museums showing what life was like back then.7.Indeed, sitting in front of the televis

13、ion watching a sports event, with a drink in one hand and some fast food in the other, is very common in Australia.8.Another popular sport, cricket, is originally from the UK, and has been exported to and followed in countries influenced by it, such as Australia, India, Pakistan, Kenya and South Afr

14、ica.9.I think that what that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong.10.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures. (2009 江蘇)11.If you ask people to name o

15、ne person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even speak EnglishWilliam, the Conqueror.    12.He found out that Kit W

16、illiams had spent his childhood near Ampthill，in Bedfordshire，and thought that he must have tried the hare in a place he knew well，but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 177313.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-c