1、中考初中賓語從句講義（含答案）導入：（在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語）Ikowntheman.（而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語）Iknowthattheman.jsa.policeman.Themanisapoliceman.1 .基本概念賓語：動作的承受者從句：主從復合句是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的。主句是復合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨立。從句在全句中充當什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語從句：是主從復合句的一種。賓語從句當中的從句在全句中作賓語2 .考試題型：賓語從句是中考的重點語法項目，其主要的考試形式出現在“選擇填空和短文改錯”中。3 .

2、引導詞:（1）由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句：e.g.Ihear（that）hewillbebackinanhour.注：that在句中無詞義，在從句中不能充當句子成分，在口語中往往被省略。（2）由疑問代詞who,whom,whose,which,what和疑問副詞where,when,why,how引導的賓語從句e.g.1）Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（誰的,作定語）2）Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（為什么，作狀語）3）Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（誰，作主語）注：這些連詞既有詞義又充當句子成份。(

3、3)由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句：if/whether引導賓語從句表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當句子成份。e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn'tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.If與whether的區別(1)與ornot連用只能用whetherEg:Idon'tknowhewillcomeornot.(2)介詞后只能用whetherEg:I

4、don'tcareofheishandsome.(3)與todo不定式連用只能用whetherEg:Hewonderedtostayherethenextweek.(4)當賓語從句提到句首時，只能用whether引導Eg:hewillcomeisnotdecided.三、賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe'llhavethemeetin

5、g.四、賓語從句種的時態變化Ihear(that)Jimwas(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jimis(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jimwillcook(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jimissinging(sing)apopularsongnow.Jimhasbeen(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jimwasplaying(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jimhadlearned(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.FHesaid

6、whattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.A.soon.、HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.Hetoldme(that)summerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.1 .當主句是一般現在時，賓語從句的時態不作限制，我們可以根據句子的需要使用任何一種時態。性原則）2 .當主句是一

7、般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應的過去的某一種時態，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應性原則）3 .當賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態的限制，仍是用一般現在時態。（特殊性原則）一、三類詞引導的賓語從句：（從屬連詞that疑問詞：8個“W”，1個“H”從屬連詞whether/if二、賓語從句的語序三、賓語從句的時態1. Idon'tknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,I'lltellyouA.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2. Idon'tkno

8、wthedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'llcome3. Couldyoutellmethenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where4. Couldyoutellmetheradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended5. Iwanttoknow.A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislooki

9、ngC.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter6. Doyouknowwherenow?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive7. Doyouknowwhattime?A. thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves8.Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme,please?B. howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC. thetwoplayersar

10、ehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9. Thesmallchildrendon'tknow.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings10. Ican'tunderstand.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeans11. 按要求轉換句型。1. DoesMr.Brown

11、enjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改寫句子）fCouldyoutellusMr.BrownlivinginChina?2. "Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（變為復合句），Heaskedmethegirlsomehelp.3. Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并為一個句子）JimTomisastudent.4. Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改為含賓語從句的復合句）Iwanttoknowthetrain.5. They

12、wenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.（用not.until改寫）Theygohometheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.6. DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.（改為含賓語從句的復合句）LiLeiwantstoknowPeterhereyesterday.賓語從句專項訓練參考答案：I. 15DDDCD610ADDBDII. 1.if/whether;enjoys2.if/whether;needed3.Neither;nor4.when;leaves5. didn'

13、t;until6.whether;came一、英語閱讀理解專項練習試卷1 .閱讀理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyelivesonwithme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestions

14、aboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonelookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:"Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosome

15、thingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeoplelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak（怪物）.AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlov

16、ingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate（欣賞）myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.（1） Whathappenedtothewriterwhenshewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.S

17、hetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownonsomeglassandinjuredoneeye.（2） Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite（3） WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swo

18、rdswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothinclassandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.（4） Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshould.A.repayourparents'loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.f

19、eelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】(1)DA(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要講了作者失明后，媽媽一直鼓勵自己要抬起頭面對世界，這給作者很大的自信，媽媽的愛讓作者知道不僅要欣賞自己，而且也要深愛別人。(1)細節題。根據whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者15個月大時，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以至于眼睛失明了，故選D。(2)細節題。根據Peopleoft

20、enaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人們問作者眼睛的問題，并且嘲笑作者，可知人們對作者是不友好的，故選Ao(3)細節題。根據Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知媽媽的愛給了作者信心，并且能用眼睛看人，故選Do(4)細節題。根據Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣賞)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.可知我們應該欣賞并且接受自己，故選Bo【點評】考查閱讀

21、理解，主要考查細節題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。2.閱讀理解WhenIwasten,mymotherworkedalldaysoIhadtotakecareofmyyoungerbrother.Atthattimemylittlebrotherwasaboutfouryearsoldandhemissedmumallthetime.Oneday,afterIhadgivenhimhisdinner,hestartedcryingformum.Hewassoyoungandreallyneededmum.SoIdressedhim,putonhisshoes,carriedhimonmybacka

22、ndwalkedout.Soonhefellasleep.Abouthalfanhourlater,Ifoundthathehadlostashoewhilesleeping.Itookhimoffmybackandputhimdown.Iknewweneededtofindthatshoe,forourmothercouldn'taffordnewshoes.Wehadtogobacktofindit,soItoldmybrothertowaitrightthere.AmanhearditandstoppedmejustbeforeIwalkedoff.Heaskedme,"

23、;Youareleavingyourbrotherheretofindtheshoe?Whatwouldyoudoifheisnotherewhenyoureturn?"Ididnotknowhowtoanswerthatquestion.Hecontinued,"It'sOKifyoucan'tfindtheshoe,butitisnotOKtoloseyourbrother."Thenhesentustomum'sworkplacebytaxi.Ihavedependedon(依靠)thekindnessofmanystrangersi

24、nmywholelife,IfeelregretfulthatIcan'tfindthemandsaythankyou.Idonotevenrememberwhattheman'sfacelookedlike,buthetaughtmealessonpeoplearemoreimportantthanthings.(1) Whydidtheyoungerbrothercryforhismother?A.Becausehewashungry.B.Becausehemissedhismother.C.Becausehewantedtosleep.D.Becausehewantedt

25、oplayoutside.(2) Whatdoestheunderlinedword"regretful"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Sorry.B.Excited.C.Happy.D.Angry.(3) Whatdidthemanmeanbysaying"It'sOKifyoucan'tfindtheshoe,butit'snotOKtoloseyourbrother"?A.Peoplearemoreimportantthanthings.B.Thingsaremoreimportantthanpeople

26、.C.Boththeshoeandyourbrotherareimportant.D.Theshoeismoreimportantthanyourbrother.【答案】(1)BA(3)A【解析】【分析】主要講了作者的媽媽整天工作，所以作者照顧弟弟，一天弟弟哭著找媽媽，作者背著弟弟出去了，結果把鞋子掉了，作者想丟下弟弟找鞋子，一位好心人告訴作者不要把弟弟獨自丟下，并且帶他們去找媽媽，這讓作者明白了人比東西更重要。(1)細節題。根據hestartedcryingformum.Hewassoyoungandreallyneededmum.可知弟弟哭的原因是他想找媽媽了，故選Bo(2)細節題。根據I

27、can'tfindthemandsaythankyou.可知作者沒有找到幫助作者的那些好心人，并且也沒有說謝謝，所以作者是內疚的，故選Ao(3)細節題。根據后文hetaughtmealessonpeoplearemoreimportantthanthings.可知作者明白了人比東西更重要的道理，故選Ao【點評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。3.閱讀下列短文，從下面每小題的A、日C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。CIntheoldtimes,therewasaking.Hehadaverybeautifulgarden.Inthegarden,therewasatre

28、ewithgoldenapplesonit.Butoneday,oneoftheappleswasmissing.Thekingdecidedtoorderapersontokeepwatchingthetreeatnight.Thekinghadthreesons.Hedecidedtosendtheeldestonetowatchthetree.Butinthemiddleofthenight,theeldestsonfellasleep.Thenextmorning,anotherapplewasmissing.Thesecondnight,thekingsentthesecondeld

29、estson.Butthesecondeldestsonalsofellasleepatmidnight.Andanotherapplewasmissingthenextmorning.Thethirdnight,thekingsenthisyoungestson.Theyoungestsonkeptwatchingthetree.Attwelveo'clock,hesawabird.Itwasagoldenbird.Itpickedanappleandflewaway,butitleftagoldenfeather.Theyoungestsonpickeditup,andthenex

30、tmorning,hetookittotheking.Hetoldhisfatherwhathehadseenatnight.Hearingthis,thekingwasveryhappy.Heorderedhisyoungestsontoguardthetreeeverynight.Hewantedhimtocatchthebird.However,intheend,theycouldn'tcatchthebirdandallthegoldenapplesonthetreeweretakenawaybythegoldenbird.(1) Beforethethirdnight,how

31、manyappleshavebeenmissing?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four(2) WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A. Itwasabirdthatstoletheapples.B. Theyoungestsonfellasleepattwelveo'clock.C. Theyoungestsontriedtocatchthegoldenbirdbutfailed.D. Thekingaskedtheyoungestsontobringthegoldenfeathertohim.33)Whatdoesthelastparagraphmai

32、nlytalkabout?A. Thekingwasveryangrywiththebird.B. Theyoungestsonwasverybusyeverynight.C. Thekingwantedhisyoungestsontocatchthebird.D. Theyoungestsondidn'tcatchthebirdandlostalloftheapples.(4) What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A. Don'tbelazywhenyouareworking.B. Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C

33、. Don'tgiveupthewholeforestbecauseofonetree.D. Abadbeginningmaycauseabadending.【答案】(1)CA(3) D(4) C【解析】【分析】短文大意：國王發現自己的金蘋果樹丟了個金蘋果，于是派出了自己的三個兒子去看守,前兩晚因為兩個兒子半夜睡著了，兩個蘋果丟了，第三晚，最小的兒子發現了是一只金鳥偷了一個蘋果，但是也留下了一根金色的羽毛，國王獲知后，他想抓住這只鳥，但結果是所有的蘋果都被鳥兒帶走了。(1)細節理解題。第三晚前總共丟失了三個蘋果，故選Co(2)細節理解題。從Itwasagoldenbird.Itpick

34、edanappleandflewaway可知蘋果是金色的鳥兒偷走的,故選A。(3)細節理解題。從intheend,theycouldn'tcatchthebirdandallthegoldenapplesonthetreeweretakenawaybythegoldenbird.可知選D。(4)主旨概括題。國王因為想要金色鳥兒而丟失了樹上的所有蘋果，得不嘗試。故C不要因為一棵樹而放棄整個森林”。【點評】考查對篇章的把握和對細節的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。4.閱讀理解Childrenlovetoplayandlaughthroughouttheirdays

35、atschoolorathome.Findingthetimetolaughwithyourchildrenmaybethebestthingyoucandofortherelationship.Encourageyourchildrentodevelopagoodhumorbylaughingatthejokestheymakeuponthespot.Thiswillhelpthemgrowconfidentandbuildtheirself-esteem.Ifyoudonotgetthejoke,youcanaskwhytheythinkthejokeisfunny.Honestfeedb

36、ackwillhelpyourchildrendevelopfunnierjokes.Youcantakethemtoyourlocallibraryandhavethempickupafewjokebooks.Thenyoucanheadbackhomeorouttotheparkandreadittogetherforagoodlaugh.Youcantaketurnsreadingjokestoeachotherfromthebookormakeupafewyourselves.Butiftheymakeajokeattheexpenseofanotherperson,youmaywan

37、ttodiscussthedifferencebetweenmakingfunofyourselfandmakingfunofothers.Inturn,trynottomakejokesatyourchildren'sexpense,youneedtosetanexamplethattheycanfollow.Learningtolaughatoneselfisagreatqualitytoattain.Youcansetanexamplebylaughingatyourownmistakes.Thisisagreatwaytohelpreduceyourownstressaswel

38、lasyourchildren's.Laughingmaymakethesituationseemlighterandeasiertoworkthrough.Bydoingthis,yourchildrenwillbebetterpreparedtohandleanydifficulties.Mostimportantly,laughingwillbringyouclosertogetherasafamily.Youcanhaveyourfamilyfinddifferentwaystolaugh.Youcanplaygames.Youcanstartastaringcontest,a

39、rmwrestlingcontest,thumbwarscontestandhaveaprizeforthewinners.Youcanallwatchyourbestfunnymoviesandactoutthebestpartstogetherafterthemoviesareover.Youcouldholdacontesttoseewhocanmaketheothermembersofthefamilylaughmorebydoingsomethingfunny.Kidswillbeabletoenjoythegoodtimetheyhadwiththeirparents.Thefam

40、ilythatlaughstogetherstaystogether!(1) Ifyouoftenplayandlaughwithyourchildren,youcan.A.developagoodhumorB.becomeproudandconfidentC.makeupsomefunnyjokesD.getalongwellwitheachother(2) Theunderlinedword"them"refersto.A.funnyjokesB.interestingbooksC.yourchildrenD.thefamily(3) Wecaninferthatwhe

41、nyourchildrenmakemistakesyoushould.A.teachthemtolaughatthemistakesB.blamethemseriouslyC.punishthematonceD.tellthemtodobetterinfuture(4) TheauthoradvisesinPara.4thatpeoplemaketheirfamilymemberslaughby.A.havingapartyB.havingsomekindsofcontestsC.doingsomehouseworkD.readingjokebooks(5) Whatcanbethebestt

42、itleforthetext?A.TheMoreYoulaugh,theBetterYouB.LaUdpengEveryDayIsSimpleC.HowtoLaughinEverydayLifeD.LaughterIsGoodforYourFamily【答案】(1)DC(3) A(4) B(5) D【解析】readingjokebooksdoingsomehouseworkdoingsomehousework【分析】文章從幾個方面講述了經常大笑對孩子的成長對家庭關系有極大的好處。(1) 第一段laughwithyourchildrenmaybethebestthingyoucandoforth

43、erelationship。陪孩子笑是你所能做的最好的事情去建立和孩子的友好關系，有利于相處。故選D(2)前一句helpyourchildren所以them指代children意為帶孩子去圖書館。故選C(3) helpthemgrowconfident幫助孩子們建立信心。B為責備孩子C為催促孩子D為讓孩子以后做的更好。這三項都不能達到幫孩子樹立信心的效果，故選A(4) 文中提至Uyoucouldholdacontest.havingaparty.doingsomehousework,readingjokebooks其余三項未提到，故選B(5)本文通篇在講經常大笑對孩子，對家庭的好處，并提出建議

44、和方法，A你笑的越多，變得更好，B,每天都大笑很簡單，C怎樣每天都笑。這三項不符合文章內容，故選D【點評】考查對篇章的把握和對細節的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。5.閱讀下面短文，從下面每小題的A、BC、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Nancy'shobbyiscollectingsharpeners（卷筆刀）.Shespendsalotoftimeonitafterschool.Shehasbeencollectingmorethanonehundredsharpeners.Theyarealldifferentincolourandsize.Nancylikessharpenerswithanimalsonthem.Inthisway,shelearnsthenamesofmanyanimals.Shealsoborrowsbooksonanimalsfromherschoollibrary.Shelearnsalotaboutthemfrombooks.火柴盒)orSometimesNancyhasmanysharpenersofthesamekind.Shegivesthemtoherfriends.Thentheygiveherotherdifferentsha