1、現在完成時練習 1.構成   現在完成時是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬于現在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。2.用法       （1）表示動作發生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現在留下了某種影響和結果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如：        -Have you had lunch yet? 

2、0;   -Yes,I have. I've just had it.         你（已經）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現在我不餓了）       （2）表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時間的狀語。     如：He has taught here since 1981  &#

3、160;                他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續教）                    I have't seen her for four years.     

4、               我有四年沒見到她了。3結構1）  陳述句結構：主語have( has)（not）+過去分詞其它。have not=havent   has not=hasnt.2）  一般疑問句結構：Have( Has )主語過去分詞其它？3）  特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞have(has) +主語+ 過去分詞其它？eg. He has already finished his homework.

5、   He hasnt finished his homework yet.   Has he finished his homework yet?   -Yes, he has./ No, he hasnt./ No, not yet.         （3）表示說話前發生過一次或多次的動作，現在成為一種經驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時間狀語。    

6、;    如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。4.現在完成時的時間狀語       （1）現在完成時屬于現在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強調動作產生的后果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。        a. 用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，

7、yet一般用于否定句和 疑問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業了。                           They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業。   

8、0;      b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經”或“從未“等。  如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經去過長城嗎？                 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。     

9、       c.用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.                        

10、;         我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。                                He has been there three times the last few day

11、s.                                 近幾年他去過那里三次了。             d.用包括“現在”在內的時間狀語，如：n

12、ow, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.                                   

13、 今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。                                   How many times have you been there this year?      

14、                              今年你去過那里多少次？       （2）現在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時間”的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態從某一時刻開始，一直持續到現在。如：I haven't s

15、een him for two years.  但是，像come, arrive, buy等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“be（在）”等延續性動詞來表述。現歸納總結一下由非延續性動詞到延續性動詞的轉換：        arrivebe here                    begin(st

16、art)be on         die    be dead                    come backbe back        leave be away     &

17、#160;              fall ill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,asleep)        get upbe up                    &#

18、160;  go out     be out        finish be over                     put on    wear 或be on      &#

19、160; open  be open                    join       be in或 be a member of        close  be closed      

20、            go to schoolbe a student        borrow  keep                      buy   

21、have                      catch(a cold) have(a cold)   get to know know        begin to studystudy         

22、60;   come to workwork等如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。        His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。        The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。      

23、60; We have studied English for three years. 我們（開始）學英語已三年了。5.現在完成時和一般過去時的區別        現在完成時和一般過去時都表示在過去完成的動作。但現在完成時強調的是這一動作與現在的關系。如對現在產生的結果或影響等，而一般過去時只表示動作在過去某一時刻發生，不表示和現在的關系。試比較：       I have lost my new book.  我把新書丟了。（現在還未找到） 

24、      I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現在找到與否沒說明）6.幾點注意事項       （1）have been(to)與have gone( to)的區別：have been(to)表示“去過某地（現在已經回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當地）”，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been

25、 to Beijing twice.他們去過北京兩次。                                      He has gone to Beijing .  他去北京了。  &

26、#160;     （2）如單純表示一段時間，或強調一段時間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two                        years.他父親去世已有三年了。&

27、#160;       （3）終止性動詞現在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續的狀態，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。     如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。 現在完成時練習Exercises7A） 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ th

28、ere?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once.  B） 用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各

29、種形式填空。Where is Jack? He _ his country.John _ England since he came back.How long _ have _ this village?The Smiths _ Beijing for years._ you ever _ America?      - Yes, I _ there many times.I _ this school since three years ago. C）選擇填空 (      

30、60;)1.Jim's been to the Great wall before ,_he?(A)isn't           (B)wasn't         (C)hasn't          (D)doesn't(     

31、)2.She's never been to England,  _she?(A)has      (B)hasn't         (C)isn't        (D)is(     )2._has Hanmei been in the library.(A)How long    (B)

32、How soon      (C)How far   (D)How often(     )3.How long _he_ the library book .(A)has, borrow    (B)has ,kept   (C)has, bought     (D)did, buy(       )4.Mr Green isn'

33、;t in the office , He _to the library(A)has  gone        (B)went      (C)has  been       (D)will   go(      )5.Mr smith _to Tokyo and he will be back in a week(A)has

34、   been        (B)has  visited       (C)has  sent        (D)has    gone(     )6.They_China for two years  (A)have  been  to &

35、#160;      (B)have  been  in(c)have  gone  to        (D)have  come  to Exercises10A）按要求把短暫性轉換為延續性動詞arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be t

36、hereHe got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.                            I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.I went home yester

37、day.I _ _ _ home for _ _.They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be back             come/go out be outHe came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become

38、beI became a teacher in 2000.I _  _ a teacher for _ _.The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed  open be openThe shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up  die be

39、dead       leave sw. be away from sw.       fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleep       finish/end be over  marry be marriedI got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou

40、for five minutes.My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.        begin be onI beg

41、an to teach at this school in 1995.I _ _ at this school since _.The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.                            borrow keep  &

42、#160;            lose not have            buy have                put on wear       catch/

43、get a cold have a cold              get to know knowThey borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.I put on my glasses three years ago.I

44、 _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.join the league/the Party/the army        be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the armyHe joined the

45、league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.C）選擇填空 (    )2.Herfather _in1990 and her husband _for more than fiv

46、e years(A)died ,dead (B)has died, dead(C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died(     )3.I have _this nice watch for two years(A)had      (B)bought     (C)borrowed         (D)lend(  &

47、#160;  )4.He _his home for ten years(A)has  left   (B)left  from       (C)has  been  away  from     (D)was  away  from(    )5.He _a league member for three years (A)is   

48、 (B)has  been      (C)has  become       (D)have  become(    )6.Lihua's brother has _for two years(A)joined the army           (B)been an  army  &#

49、160;  (C)become a soldier          (D)been in the army(     )7.He  hasn't _Quanzhou ever since he left school(A)left    (B)been  away    (C)been      (D)away

50、0;                               Exercises 11 選擇填空(      )1. Have you finished your homeworkYes, I _it last night(A)finish &#

51、160;   (B)finished     (C)have  finished      (D)will  finish(      )2. _you ever _to NanjingYes, I _there last year.(A)Havegone, have gone          (B)Havebeen , &#

52、160;went(C)Didgo,  went                  (D)Didgo, has , been(      )3.When _you _Lucy in New York?I _here for two years(A)didmeet, haven't  seen     &

53、#160;     (B)didmeet, haven't seen(C)didmeet, don't  see             (D)wouldmeet, hadn't seen(      )4.when_        you    

54、;    to  Beijing?(       )3.He _finished his homework. yet(A)doesnt      (B)havent        (C)   hasnt      (D) doesnt have(      

55、)1.Have you _traveled on the train.          Yes,  I have.(A)never  (B)ever   (C)just      (D)yet(      )2.Have you finished  your  homework    Not_  

56、               .(A)ever     (B)already       (C)yet        (D)just(       )3. We  haven't finished our hom

57、ework           .(A)already      (B)ever       (C)yet     (D)never(        )4.Have you_ learned English?Yes, I've _learned a lot.(A)never, ev

58、er       (B)ever, never       (C)ever, already     (D)already. ever(      )5.Have you finished your homework  _?Yes, I've _done that            (A

59、)yet, already     (B)already,  yet  (C)ever, never      (D)still, just(      )6.John's father _borrowed some pictures(A)have  already         (B)has  just  

60、     (C)have  ever          (D)has  yetExercises4 A）用since和for填空1) _ two years        2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month 4) _ 1999          

61、        5) _ yesterday           6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours         8) _ an hour ago        9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time  

62、;   11) _ she left here                          4B）用since和for填空1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher

63、has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.(        )1.I've been like this ever since _         (A)last week    (B) fo

64、r a week    (C)  a week before    (D)the last week(        )2.My mother has worked in this factory _2 years.(A)about      (B)for      (C)in      (D)since(&

65、#160;      )3. I haven't heard from him _last week.(A)since    (B) for        (C)ago   (D)before(       )4.His father joined the party_(A)for three years    

66、0;      (B)since three years  ago(C)three years ago           (D)in two years' time                      &

67、#160;  51. Where is Mr. Liu?  -  He _the library.      A. has been to    B. has gone to    C. has been in2. The students have cleaned the classroom , _?     A. so they      B. dont they 

68、;  C. have they     D. havent they3. I like Hainan. I _there three times.       A. went  B. go C. have been  D. have gone4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we _ here for three years.    A. have been to   

69、 B. have been in   C. have been    D. have gone  5.- How long _you_ your dictionary?  - About two months.    A. did; buy  B. have; get     C. have; had     D. have; bought6. He tells me he_ China for over

70、five years.     A. has been      B. has been in   C. has been to   D. has gone to   7._has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _ to             China? A

71、. How soon ,  comes    B. How often, got   C. How long ,  came      D. How far, arrived 8. His uncle_ for more than 9 years.  A. has come here   B. has started to work C. has lived there  D. has left the university  9.