1、1 .專四寫作題型簡介測試工程改革前改革后分值字數時間分值字數時間Composition15200352020045Notewriting1050-6010無此項2 .四級作文測試要求測試要求：能根據所給的作文題目、圖表或閱讀材料等,寫一篇200個單詞左右的作文.能做到內容相關、充實,語言通順,用詞恰當,表達得體.測試時間45分鐘.測試形式：本局部為作做題,要求學生根據題目要求作答.本局部為命題作文,文章體裁主要屬于說明文、議論文或記敘文的范圍.測試目的：測試學生的根本書面表達水平.3 .如何安排45分鐘的測試時間:步驟時間安排1.解讀材料10分鐘2.列提綱3分鐘3.寫作文30分鐘4.檢查拼寫

2、和語法錯誤2分鐘年份TEM4乍文材料長度2021年222字2021年251字2021年275字2021年300字4 .評分標準評分檔次6個等級分數段整體描述內容闡述水平10分篇章組織水平3分語言運用水平7分518-20415-17312-146-728-1111-71-51-300000寫作Lesson1:如何縮寫1 .如何對所給材料提出SUMMARY縮寫評分要求第一,字數要求.縮寫的字數不超過原文的三分之一第二,縮寫必須準確表述文摘的主題和中央內容第三,縮寫必須全面抓住材料的所有要點2 .如何抓住材料要點語篇分析練習1 .材料的主題/話題topic是什么：2 .材料的要點是什么3 .專四材料

3、常見類型和常見文章開展模式：觀點型問題解決型因果分析型4 .summary的寫作框架Step1:引出topic一句話Step2:介紹材料觀點一句話Step3:概括要點2-5句話常見要點類型：原因、解決方法、積極/消極影響、范例分析Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonterm-timeholidayargumentsintheUK,andthenwriteyourresponseInNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:1) summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen2) comment

4、onwhetherparentsshouldtakechildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimeinordertosavemoneyYoushouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerptMarkswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.FailuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarksTerm-timeholid

5、ayswillbebanned(2021年真題)ParentsaretobebannedbyMichaelGove,UKsEducationSecretary,fromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.Heistoabolishtherightofheadteachersto"authoriseabsence"fromtheclassroom,whichhasbeenusedtoletfamiliestaketerm-timebreaks,andwillwarnthemtheyfacefinesforth

6、eirchildrennotbeingatschool“Anytimeoutofschoolhasthepotentialtodamageachild'seducation,"aseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducationsaidthisweekend."Thatiswhythegovernmentwillendthedistinctionbetweenauthorisedandunauthorisedabsence.“Thisispartofthegovernment'swidercommitmenttobringdown

7、truancylevelsinourschools.Therewillalsobestricterpenaltiesforparentsandschools.ThetoughmeasuresontruancyarepartofawiderattemptbyMr.Govetomakeeducationmoreacademicallyrigorousandtotackleacultureintheeducationalestablishmentwhichhebelieveshasaccepted"excusesforfailure.RussellHobby,thegeneralsecre

8、taryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachers,saidthemeasurewoulddiscourageparentsfromtryingtoputpressureonheadstosanctiontermtimeholidays."Thehighcostofholidaysoutsideoftermtimeisstillanissuebutultimatelyachild'seducationismoreimportantthanaholiday,"hesaid.Term-timeHolidaysShouldBeBanned

9、Whethertheterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedhasarousedanheatendiscussionforalongtime.Someinfavorofholdthatthemorepopularterm-timeholidaystheyare,themorebadinfluencechildrenwillhave.However,someagainstitbecausetheythinktaketheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayduringtermtimecansavemuchmoney.Frommypointofvie

10、w,Iaminclinedtobantheterm-timeholidays,.評彳介:卷二Term-timeHolidaysShouldBeBannedAsisknowntoall,itpaystoomuchifwegoonholidaysoutsideoftermtime.Asaresult,someparentsareinclinedtotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltosavemoneyonholidays.Recently,ahotdiscussionaboutwhetherterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedattractsour

11、attention.Intermsofthistopic,MichaelGove,UKSEducationSecretary,isinfavorofit.Asexpertssaid,anytimeoutofschoolwaslikelytodamageachild'seducation.Theauthoratativescontendthatparentsshouldbefinedfortheirmistakes.Ontheotherhand,somepeoplethinkthepunishmentisexcessivebutachild'seducationismoreimp

12、ortantthanaholiday.Frommyperspective,Iholdtheviewthatterm-timeholidaysshouldbebannedforfollowingreasons:評彳介：卷三MyOpinionontheTerm-timeHolidaysThelatestnewsontheterm-timeholidaysrevealsthatparentsaretobebannedfromtakingtheirchildrenawayfromschoolduringterm-time.Thosewhobreakthisnewrulewillfacefinesasa

13、result.Theregulationwasestablished,accordingtoaseniorsourceattheDepartmentforEducation,mainlybecausethetimeoutofschoolwoulddoharmtochildren'seducationaldevelopment.Healsomentionedthattheregulationwasanintegralpartofgovernment'spracticetolowerthetruancylevelsinschools.Thisrigorousmeasureisbel

14、ievedtoresolvetheculturalproblemsintheeducationeventually.Additionally,thegeneralsecretaryoftheNationalAssociationofHeadTeachersconsideredthemeasureusefulasitwouldpreventparentsfromtoomuchpressure.Tothebestofmybelief,itisunwisetobanparentsfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschoolforholidayinpurposeofsaving

15、money.Firstly,.評彳介:卷四Ascanbeseenfromtheexcerpt,inUK,thereisafrequentoccurrenceamongparentstotaketheirchildrenoutofschooltoenjoyholidaysduringnormaltermtime.Thisispartlyduetothecostofjourneysincethisbehaviorwillsavethemmoney.However,itcanbesummarizedthatparentsarebannedbyUKSEducationDepartmentfromtak

16、ingtheirchildrenoutofacademicstudytogoonholidays.What'smore,thosewhoviolatetheregulationswouldbefinedandpunished.評彳介:卷五NewresearchhasshownthatnearlyfouroutoftenparentsintheUKhavetakentheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidays.Costisthemainreasongivenbyparentsforsacrificingtheirchildren'seducatio

17、n.Parentsaretobebanned,however,byUKSEducationAuthorityfromtakingtheirchildrenoutofschooltogoonholidaysduringtermtime.評彳介:6.真題研析2021年專四作文題目ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould1) summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen2) commentonwhetherourb

18、rainswillgetlazyinaworldrunbyintelligentmachines.Youcansupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.FailuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarksWithintelligentmachinestodothethinking,willourbrainsge

19、tlazyChangingtechnologystimulatesthebrainandincreasesintelligence.Butthatmayonlybetrueifthetechnologychallengesus.Inaworldrunbyintelligentmachines,ourlivescouldgetalotsimpler.WouldthatmakeuslessintelligentArtificialintelligenceistakingovermanyhumanjobs.Forinstance,planesarebeingflownmuchofthetimebya

20、utomaticpilots.Andthecomplexproblemofcontrollingairtrafficaroundlargemodernairportsisalsoachievedbyartificialintelligencethatoperateswellbeyondthecapabilityofmerehumanairtrafficcontrollers.Artificialintelligenceisembeddedinmanyfeaturesofmodernlifeforthesimplereasonthatintelligentmachinescanalreadyou

21、tperformhumans,includingsomeaptitudeswheretherewasoncethoughttobeahumanadvantage,suchasplayingchess,andwritingpoetry,orevennovels.Asmachinesgetsmarter,theywilldomoreofourthinkingforusandmakelifeeasier.Inthefuture,theelectronicassistantwilldeveloptothepointthatitservessimilarfunctionsasareallivingbut

22、ler,fulfillingrequestssuchas:"OrganizeadinnerpartyforsixonThursdayandinvitetheusualguests.Atthatpoint,ourlongstrugglewithchallengingtechnologiesisatanend.LikeBertieWooster,wecantakeiteasyknowingthatthehardworkofplanningandorganizingisbeingdonebyabetterbraintheelectronicassistant.Starvedofmental

23、effort,ourbrainswillregress.要點總結TopicViewpoint誰的觀點要點SUMMARY:2021年專四作文題目Readcarefullythefollowingreport,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,Inwhichyoushould:1)summarizethemainmessageofthereport,andthen2)commentonthetwopointsmadebyStephenCorry,SurvivalsDirectorYoucansupportyourselfwithinforma

24、tionfromthereportMarkswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality,FailuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarksWriteyourresponseonANSWERSHEETTHREE.ReportexposesthedarksideofconservationAreportlaunchedbySurvivalInternational-theglobalmovementfortrib

25、alpeopleright'srevealshowconservationhasledtotheevictionofmillionsoftribalpeoplefromprotectedareas,"sinceprotectedareas"likenationalparksshouldgenerallybenogo"formiming,agriculture,dams,roadsandpipelines.Survival'sreportshowsthatnearlyallprotectedareasare,orhavebeen,theancestr

26、alhomelandsoftribalpeoples,whohavebeendependenton,andmanagedthemforthousandsofyears.Butinthenameof"conservation",tribalpeoplesarebeing"illegallydrivenout"fromtheselandsandaccuse“poaching"meanwhile,touristsandfee-payingbiggamehuntersarewelcomedin.BushmanDaugooXukurifromtheCen

27、tralKalahariGameReserveinBotswanasaid,"Isitandlookaroundthecountry.Wherevertherearebushmen,thereisgame.WhyBecauseweknowhowtotakecareofanimals.Survival'sreportconcludesthatthecurrentmodelofconservationneedsaradicalshakeup.Conservationmuststicktointernationallaw,protecttribalpeoples'right

28、stotheirlands,listentothem.andthenbepreparedtobackthemupasmuchastheycan.SurvivalsDirectorStephenCorrysaid,“Millionsarebeingspentbyconservationistseveryyear,andyettheenvironment'sindeepeningcrisis.It'stimetowakeupandrealizethatthereisanotherwayandit'smuch,muchbetter.Firstly,tribalpeoples&

29、#39;rightshavetobeacknowledgedandrespected.Secondly,theyhavetobetreatedasthebestexpertsatdefendingtheirownlands.Conservationistsmustrealizeit'sthey,themselves,whoarejuniorpartners.要點總結TopicViewpoint誰的觀點要點SUMMARY:2021年專四作文題目ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200WO

30、RDS,inwhichyoushould1)summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen2)commentonBrewer'sviewthatparentsshouldjoininwiththeirkidsratherthanlimittheirmediaconsumption,Youcansupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequal

31、ity.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.WriteyourresponseonANSWERSHEETTHREEHowmuchscreentimeistoomuchforkidsParentshavebeenadvisedtolimitmediaconsumptionoftheirchildren,butresearchsuggestsit'sthenatureofitthatmatters.Formanyparentsinthedigitalage,battleswiththeirkidsoversc

32、reentimeanddeviceshavebecomeadepressingpartoffamilylife.Manyparentswillnowberelievedtohearthatrecentresearchsuggeststhatit'snotsomuchthelength,butthenatureofthescreentimethatmatters.JocelynBrewer,apsychologistwhospecializesintheconceptof"digitalnutrition"likensmediadietstowhat'sono

33、urplates:ratherthancountingcalories(orscreentime)thinkaboutwhatyou'reeating."It'snotJustaboutwhetheryouconsumeanypotentialdigitalJunkfoods,butalsoyourrelationshiptotechnologyandtheroleitplaysinyourfamilylife,"saysBrewer.Foryoungchildren,themostimportantthingiswhetherparentsandkidsa

34、replaying,watchingorbrowsingtogether.Astudyof20,000parentspublishedlatelastyearbytheOxfordInternetInstituteandCardiffUniversitydeterminedthattherewasnocorrelationbetweenlimitingdeviceuseandchildren'swell-being.Thestudy'sleadauthorDr.AndrewPryzbylskisaid:"Ourfindingssuggestthebroaderfami

35、lycontext,howparentssetrulesaboutdigitalscreentime,andiftheyareactivelyengagedinexploringthedigitalworldtogether,aremoreimportantthantherawscreentime.“Theconsensusisthatscreentime,inandofitself,isnotharmful-andreasonablerestrictionsvarygreatly,dependingonachild'sbehaviorandpersonality.Thereislit

36、tlepointinworryingabouthowmanyminutesadayyourkidsarespendingwithscreens,saysBrewer."Instead,parentsshouldbedoingwhattheycantoensurethatwhattheyarewatching,playingandreadingishighquality,age-appropriateandsafeandjoininginwhereverpossible.要點總結TopicViewpoint誰的觀點要點SUMMARY:7.模擬練習模擬題一Readcarefullythe

37、followingexcerptonHistoricalDebateonAnimalExperimentation,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200WORDS,inwhichyoushouldthemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthenonwhetherweshoulduseanimalsforexperimentationpurposeornotYoushouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevanc

38、e,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.FailuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarksHistoricalDebateonAnimalExperimentationAstheexperimentationonanimalsincreased,especiallythepracticeofvivisection,sodidcriticismandcontroversy.In1655,theadvocateofGalenicphysiologyEdmundOMear

39、asaidthat"themiserabletortureofvivisectionplacesthebodyinanunnaturalstate."O'Mearaandothersarguedthatanimalphysiologycouldbeaffectedbypainduringvivisection,renderingresultsunreliable.Therewerealsoobjectionsonanethicalbasis,contendingthatthebenefittohumansdidnotjustifytheharmtoanimals.E

40、arlyobjectionstoanimaltestingalsocamefromanotherangle-manypeoplebelievedthatanimalswereinferiortohumansandsodifferentthatresultsfromanimalscouldnotbeappliedtohumans.Ontheothersideofthedebate,thoseinfavorofanimaltestingheldthatexperimentsonanimalswerenecessarytoadvancemedicalandbiologicalknowledge.Cl

41、audeBernardwhoissometimesknownasthe"princeofvivisectors"andthefatherofphysiology,andwhosewife,MarieFrancoiseMartin,foundedthefirstanti-vivisectionsocietyinFrancein1883famouslywrotein1865that"thescienceoflifeisasuperbanddazzlinglylightedhallwhichmaybereachedonlybypassingthroughalongand

42、ghastlykitchen".Arguingthat"experimentsonanimals-areentirelyconclusiveforthetoxicologyandhygieneofman.theeffectsofthesesubstancesarethesameonmanasonanimals,savefordifferencesindegree",Bernardestablishedanimalexperimentationaspartofthestandardscientificmethod.TopicViewpoint誰的觀點要點SUMMAR

43、Y:模擬題二Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonsafetyofgeneticallymodifiedfood,andthenwriteyourresponseinnolessthan200words,inwhichyoushouldthemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthenonwhetherweshouldadvocategeneticallymodifiedfoodornot.Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayr