1、Section Warming Up & Reading Language Points 對應學生用書P6一、這樣記單詞記得準·寫得對記得快·記得多.基礎詞匯1. defeat vt.打敗；戰勝；使受挫n. 失敗 2.expert adj. 熟練的；經驗或知識豐富的n. 專家；行家3.attend vt. 照顧；護理；出席；參加4.expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5.cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治療6.challenge n. 挑戰vt. 向挑戰7.suspect vt. 認為；懷疑n. 被懷疑者； 嫌疑犯8.blame vt. 責備；譴責n.

2、過失；責備9.handle n. 柄；把手vt. 處理；操縱10.link vt.& n. 連接；了解.拓展詞匯1.scientific adj. 科學的science n科學scientist n科學家2.conclude vt.&vi. 結束；推斷出conclusion n結論；結束3.absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使專心absorbed adj.全神貫注的；一心一意的4.pollute vt. 污染；弄臟pollution n污染5.announce vt. 宣布；通告announcement n公告；宣布announcer n播音員；宣告者1.painter n畫家

3、；油漆匠同義drawer n畫家串記The painter is painting the door.這位油漆匠正在給門上油漆。2.physician n醫生；內科醫師聯想doctor 醫生； dentist 牙醫詞塊see a doctor/dentist 看醫生/牙醫3.neighbourhood n附近；鄰近記法neighbour (n.鄰居)­hood聯想childhood n童年4.pump 名詞動用 n泵；抽水機vt.(用泵)抽水聯想“名詞動用”的常見詞集錦book n書v.預訂 seat n座位v.容納back n背部v.支持 face n臉vt.面對head n頭vi

4、.前往5.foresee (原形)foresaw (過去式)foreseen (過去分詞)規律ABC型聯想“ABC型”不規則動詞一覽seesawseen hidehidhiddenwritewrotewritten rideroderiddengivegavegiven6.“照看/照顧某人”的多種表達attend (to) sb. care for sb.take care of sb. look after sb.attend (to) sb. care for sb.take care of sb. look after sb.二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.put forwar

5、d 提出；推薦2Draw a conclusion 得出結論3expose_._to 使顯露；暴露4of_sb.'s/sth.'s_day 在某人/某物存在的時候5face_a_challenge 面臨挑戰6mark_._on_. 在上把標出來7be_to_blame 該受責備；應負責8look_into 調查9slow_down 減速；減緩10link_._to_. 將和了解或連接起來1.pass sth. from parents to their children 父母傳給子女某物2find supporting evidence 找到有力的證據3the research

6、 into a disease 對疾病的研究4a cloud of gas 一團氣體5gather information 收集信息6make further investigations 做進一步調查7to prevent this from happening again 為了防止這種情況再次發生8an outbreak of cholera 霍亂爆發三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。neither .nor .“既不也不”。In autumn, it&

7、#39;s neither_too_hot_nor_too_cold.(2014·天津高考標準范文)秋天，既不太熱又不太冷。2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.因此，每次爆發霍亂時就有成千上萬驚恐的人死去。every time “每次”，作連詞用，引導時間狀語從句。Every_time_I_pass_the_school,_I think of my first English teacher.每次我經過學校，我就想起我的第一個英語老師。3.In two parti

8、cular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.在兩條特定的街上霍亂流行得很嚴重，以至于10天內就有500多人死亡。so . that .“如此以至于”；that引導結果狀語從句。At the beginning, learning English seemed so_difficult_that I wanted to give up without even tryinging.(2014·山東高考滿分作文) 起初，學英語看上去那么難以至于我甚

9、至還沒嘗試就想放棄。4.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.為了防止這種情況再度發生，約翰·斯諾建議所有水源都要經過檢測。suggest表示“建議”時，其后賓語從句中的謂語動詞常常使用(should)動詞原形。但表示“表明；暗示”時不用虛擬語氣。My deskmate's sleepy look suggested that he was_tired_of his study and I s

10、uggested he (should)_have_a_rest. 我的同桌困倦的表情表明他學習累了。我建議他休息一下。1(教材P1)Who put forward a theory about black holes?誰提出了關于黑洞的理論？put forward寫出下列句中put forward的含義They've put the date of their wedding forward by one week.提前She put forward a good suggestion at the meeting.提出You ought to put your watch forw

11、ard by ten minutes.撥快Can I put you forward as our club secretary？提名；推薦put aside節省；儲蓄；儲存；留出；放一邊put away 放好；存起來put off 延期；推遲put up 舉起；張貼；建立；提供食宿put up with 容忍；忍受Encourage children to_put_aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.鼓勵孩子們存下一部分零花錢來購買圣誕禮物。I'm not going to put_up_with th

12、eir smoking in the office any longer.我再也不能容忍他們在辦公室抽煙了。2(教材P1)Draw a conclusion得出結論conclusion n結論；結束(1)draw a conclusion得出結論in conclusion 總而言之 conclude sth. 以結束I concluded/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.(2014·山東高考寫作)我從我自己的經歷中得出結論：有志者，事竟成。In co

13、nclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.總之，散步是一種廉價、安全、有趣且易實施的鍛煉方式。When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points.(2013·浙江高考單選)小組討論接近尾聲時，一定要用幾條要點作為結束。名師點津除in conclusion外，寫作時還常常用到下面短語作為全文總結語。in shortin a wo

14、rdin briefall in all to sum up briefly (speaking)on the whole3(教材P2)John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”約翰·斯諾戰勝“霍亂王”defeat vt.打敗；戰勝；使受挫 n失敗Guangzhou Evergrande defeated another team and won the Asian Champions League for the second time in three years.廣州恒大擊敗了另外一支隊伍，三年來兩次贏得亞冠聯賽冠軍。She was a woman who

15、 hated to_admit_defeat. 她是個不愿服輸的女人。辨析比較defeat, beat, windefeat擊敗，強調過程和結果賓語是對手beat打敗；(連續)擊打賓語是對手win贏得；獲勝賓語是game或prize等Yesterday I defeated/beat John at chess. He won only one set, while I won two sets.昨天和約翰下棋，我贏了他。他只贏了一盤，而我贏了兩盤。4(教材P2)John Snow was a famous doctor in London so expert, indeed, that he

16、 attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫生他的確醫術精湛，因而成了維多利亞女王的私人大夫。attend vt.照顧；護理；出席；參加寫出下列句中attend的含義The patients are well attended in the hospital.照顧；護理You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.(2013·新課標全國卷書面

17、表達)出席；參加He told me that he had an important party to attend that night.參加(1)vt.&vi.照顧；護理；專心；注意attend (to) sb.照料/關懷某人attend to sth. 處理/專心于某事There was no one to attend (to) him but Tina.除了蒂娜，再無人照顧他了。Attend_to your study and stop talking.專心學習，停止說話。(2)vt.出席；參加；定期去attend a meeting/wedding參加會議/婚禮atten

18、d school/church 去上學/去做禮拜He was invited to the party but he did not attend it.他被邀請參加那次聚會，但他沒參加。5(教材P2)But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威脅的普通百姓，他就感到很振奮。expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接觸；使體驗expose . to .使暴露于；使遭受be exposed to 暴露于；接觸Don't

19、expose babies to strong sunlight.不要讓嬰兒受到強烈陽光的照射。Wounds exposed to the air heal more quickly.Wounds that/which_are_exposed_to the air heal more quickly.傷口暴露在空氣中愈合得更快。Travelling abroad exposes_children_to different languages and cultures.去國外旅行會使孩子們接觸到不同的語言和文化。名師點津及物動詞expose后若無賓語，則常常使用它的被動形式。Being expo

20、sed to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.暴露在強光下會對你的皮膚有害。6(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。cure nC治愈；痊愈；療法 vt.治愈；治療；改掉(壞習慣)a cure for sth.醫治某種病的療法cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的壞習慣Researchers find cures for certain diseases often by using the forests'

21、; plant and animal life. 研究人員通常通過利用森林動植物找出某些疾病的治療方法。He has been completely cured of his illness.他已經徹底痊愈了。He borrowed a book to help cure_him_of his reading problem.他借了一本書來幫助攻克他的閱讀障礙。名師點津常見的“動詞sb.ofsth.”結構還有：remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某物inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某

22、事cheat sb. of sth. 欺騙某人某事7(教材P2)John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.約翰·斯諾想面對這個挑戰，解決這個問題。challenge n挑戰 vt.向挑戰(1)a challenge to .對的挑戰 face a challenge 面臨挑戰accept/take up a challenge 接受挑戰meet the challenge of 面臨的挑戰(2)challenging adj. 具有挑戰性的 Exploring outer space is a chal

23、lenge to mankind.探索外太空對人類來說是一項挑戰。Though his arms hurt, Steven took_up/accepted_a_new_challenge,_cycling the 250­mile route alone.雖然他的胳膊都受傷了，但是斯蒂文接受了新的挑戰，獨自一人騎車完成了250英里的路程。Teaching young children is a challenging (challenge) and rewarding job.幼兒教育是一項具有挑戰性和有益的工作。名師點津challenge本身已含“向；對”的意義，因而不要再加多余

24、的to。向某人挑戰8(教材P2)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內的。absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心absorb . from .從中吸收absorb . into . 把吸收入absorb oneself inbe absorbed in 專心于；全神貫注于Plants absorb carbon dioxide from air and moisture from the soil.植物從空氣中

25、吸收二氧化碳并從土壤中汲取水分。The surrounding small towns have been absorbed withto the city.四周的小城鎮已并入這座城市。Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.So absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.Absorbed (absorb) in his work, Tom forgot to inform her of it.湯姆專心于工作，忘記了

26、通知她這件事。名師點津be absorbed in (doing) sth.結構在句中作狀語、定語時，常用其過去分詞形式absorbed in .。類似的結構還有：be lost in .陷入；專心致志于be caught in . 被困在be buried in . 埋頭于be devoted to . 致力于；專心于9(教材P2)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.約翰·斯諾推測第二種理論是正確的，但他需要證據。suspect vt.懷疑；認為 n.被懷疑者；嫌

27、疑犯suspect that .懷疑；覺得suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 懷疑某人(做過)某事suspect sb. to be . 懷疑某人是Never employ the man you suspect, nor suspect the man you employ.諺語疑人不用，用人不疑。I suspect him to be a pickpocket.I suspect that_he_is_a_pickpocket.我懷疑他是個扒手。What made you suspect her of having taken the money?你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的

28、？名師點津與suspect相關的單詞有：criminal罪犯murderer殺人犯robber劫匪；強盜 kidnapper 綁匪thief小偷10(教材P2)It seemed that the water was to blame.看來水是罪魁禍首。blame(1)vt.責備；譴責；把歸咎于be to blame (for sth.)(對壞事)負有責任；(因某事)應受責備blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而責備某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎到某人身上Whenever he didn't perform well in his st

29、udies, she would blame him bitterly, expressing her disappointment in him.(2013·湖北高考短文寫作)每當他在學習中做得不好時，她總會訓斥他，表達對他的失望。Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame (blame)不要總把失敗歸咎于他人，有時該怪你自己。(2)n.過失；責備bear/take the blame (for sth.)(對某事)承擔責任put/lay the bla

30、me for sth. on sb. 將某事歸咎于某人If that happens, the coach will take the blame for it.如果發生那樣的事，教練將對此負責。She put/laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on him.她把婚姻的失敗歸咎于他。11(教材P3)In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street out

31、break.在倫敦的另一個地區，他從兩個與寬街爆發的霍亂有關聯的死亡病例中又發現了有力證據。link vt.&n.連接；了解link . to .將和了解或連接起來link up with 與聯合；使與銜接A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.諺語一環薄弱，全鏈易斷。Fingerprints linked the suspect to the case.指紋使嫌疑犯與案件了解起來。They went on to the next town, where they linked_up_with the other party.他們繼續趕

32、路到了下一個城鎮，在那里他們與其他的隊伍會合。 12(教材P3)With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.有了這個額外的證據，約翰·斯諾就能夠肯定地宣布，這種被污染了的水攜帶著病菌。announce vt.宣布；宣告(決定、計劃等)；(尤指通過廣播)通知(1)announce sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布、通告某事announce that . 宣布；通知It is/was announced tha

33、t . 據宣布(2)announcement n. 通知；通告make an announcement 宣布；下通知(3)announcer n. 廣播員；播音員They officially announced the news to the reporters.他們正式向記者發布了這條新聞。One day with a basket of vegetables, he announced_to_us_that he was going to cook a delicious dish. 一天他帶著一籃子的蔬菜，向我們宣布他將烹飪一道佳肴。At the end of the meeting,

34、 it was_announced_that an agreement had been reached.會議最后宣布已達成一項協議。語境串記The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast.廣播員宣布所有的細節都應通過廣播公布出來。名師點津動詞announce后不跟雙賓語，表示“向某人宣布某事”時應該說announce sth. to sb.或announce to sb. sth.。類似用法的單詞還有：suggest, explain, repo

35、rt, say等。13(教材P3)The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.供水公司得到指示，再也不能讓人們接觸被污染的水了。instruct vt.命令；指示；教導 (1)instruct sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事instruct sb. in (doing) sth. 指導某人(做)某事 (2)instructive adj. 指示性的；有教育意義的instruction n. (常用復數形式)用法說明；操作指南；指示；命令；講授The stude

36、nts need a teacher to instruct them to_paint (paint)The students need a teacher to instruct them in painting.這些學生需要一位老師來指導他們繪畫。Follow the instructions (instruct) on the packet carefully.仔細按照包裝上的說明操作。1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治療方法。(1)句中neither . nor .意為“既不也不”，可連接

37、兩個平行結構。This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.(2015·北京高考)這種現象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是現實中的大學生活，過去是這樣，現在依然還是如此。(2)neither . nor .連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的單復數取決于與謂語最近的主語，即：就近原則。Neither my wife nor my parents were (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind

38、and finally she joined in the game.我妻子和我父母都沒能說服我女兒改變主意，最終她參加了這個比賽。名師點津連接并列成分作主語，符合就近原則的還有：either . or .或者或者not . but . 不是而是not only . but (also) . 不但而且Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名學生應該出席明天的會議。Not you but I am (be) to blame for the mi

39、stake.不是你而是我該為此錯誤受到責備。2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.因此，每次爆發霍亂時就有成千上萬驚恐的人死去。(1)every time用作連詞，意為“每次”，引導時間狀語從句。Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. (2015·北京高考)每次光線以新的速度進入某一物體，就會發生折射和散射。 Something is learned

40、every time a book is opened.諺語開卷有益。(2)含有time的時間名詞短語作連詞的還有：each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(隨時)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.他第一次來到那個城市，他就決定在那里安家。You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.你什么時候想回來，我們都歡迎。3In tw

41、o particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.在兩條特定的街上霍亂流行得很嚴重，以至于10天內就有500多人死亡。(1)so . that .意為“如此以至于”，引導結果狀語從句，此結構中so為副詞，后面跟形容詞或副詞。其結構為：Usually, it's so crowded on the bus that I can't find anywhere to sit.通常，公交車上太擁擠了，我找不到坐的地方。There was

42、 so_much_work to do that everybody got bored.有這么多的工作要做，人人都感到厭煩了。(2)such . that作“如此以至于”解時，連接一個表示結果的狀語從句。與so . that意思相同，但用法不同。such后邊要跟名詞(這個名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可以不帶)，such . that的句型結構可分以下三種：He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.他進步得很快，老師們對他感到很滿意。This is such an interesting book

43、that we all enjoy reading it.This is so_interesting_a_book that we all enjoy reading it.這本書非常有趣，我們都喜歡看。(3)當so或such位于句首時，主句應用部分倒裝形式。So difficult is the article that I can hardly understand it.這篇文章太難了，我幾乎讀不懂。對應學生用書P11.單句語法填空1We discussed the problem many times, but still could come to no conclusion (c

44、onclude)2Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.3His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits. I think he should cure him of them.4When linked (link) to the subway, the city will be easy to get access to.5It was_a

45、nnounced (announce) that our team took the first place.6I tried to follow the withstructions (instruct), but I got confused.7If exposed (expose) to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.8Most little shops have been absorbed withto big businesses due to the influence of the glob

46、al financial crisis.9They invited all their relatives to_attend (attend) their wedding.10They had_defeated (defeat) their enemies before they could get help.選詞填空neither . nor .， take up a challenge， so . that .， every time， be exposed to， put forward， be absorbed in， be blamed for1In the meeting, we

47、 put_forward some advice on how to improve our work.2Neither he nor his parents are going to travel this holiday for they are all busy.3The managing director was_blamed_for the accident, although it was not really his fault.4He was so absorbed_in his work that he didn't notice a visitor came in.

48、5Are you going to take_up_a_challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing?6Every_time I call on her, she is always busy writing.7Nowadays more and more people would like to live in the countryingside.Yeah. You'd be_exposed_to a lot less pollution if you moved to a village with pure water and

49、 air.8Nowadays, shopping online is so popular that it has become a part of our life. 對應課時跟蹤檢測P99一、全練語言點，基穩才能樓高.單詞拼寫1With the teacher instructing (指導) them, the students have made great progress in English.2Children, when exposed (暴露) to an English­speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language

50、much more easily.3We are taking steps to prevent air from being polluted (污染)4When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbed (使專心) in conversation.5Mr. Wang is just one of the victims (受害者), from whose houses the thieves stole money and other valuables.6Blamed (責備

51、) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.7One of the challenges (挑戰) he has accepted is to swim across the river.8The army was well­trained and well­armed, and had little difficulty defeating (打敗) the enemy.9The farmers in this area had a good harvest la

52、st year thanks to the scientific (科學的) farming.10He is good at handling (操縱) the huge calculating machine.單句改錯1When I said I ran faster than her, she challenged to me to a race. 去掉第一個to2Please announce students that the holidays will begin next Monday.announce后加to3Always read the instruction on the

53、bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.instructionsinstructions4He ran such quickly that we all couldn't catch up with him. soso5Neither he nor his parents has seen the film. havehave6I felt nervous for the first time I spoke in public. 去掉for7Absorb in his experiment, Newton put

54、his watch into the pot to cook it.AbsorbedAbsorbed8She suspected him with telling lies and never trusted him again. ofof.補全句子1I drew_a_conclusion/concluded_from_the_facts_that he was hardworking. 從這些事實中我得出他是努力的這一結論。2Teachers should expose_the_students_to as many real life situations as possible.老師們應該讓學生盡可能多地接觸真實的生活環境。3Facing_the_challenge,_he decided to have a trying. 面對挑戰，他決定試一試。4He was_absorbed_in_writing a letter and didn't even notice his