1、 閱讀理解(2019·合肥高三質檢)Cycling is well known to improve individual health and fitness; it also benefits the wider population in terms of economy, transport and environment. The EU promotes cycling via many measures primarily to achieve sustainable(可持續的) clean and energy­efficient transport syst

2、ems. However, despite the fact that the benefits outweigh the risks by 201, many consider the risks too great and that the fear of danger on the road needs to be handled. Cycle lanes(車道) have been used to improve cyclists safety and encourage more cyclists onto the road. This research in transport a

3、ims to study the effect of cycle lanes on cyclists safety where passing space given by overtaking(超車) vehicles is concerned.In this study, the authors used a bicycle equipped with cameras to record vehicle overtaking in varying road situations to determine whether cycle lanes, color block cycle lane

4、s or no cycle lanes affect passing distances and cyclists safety. Their 3 comparisons measuring vehicle passing widths found greater overall distances given with a cycle lane than without. Color block vs. uncolored cycle lanes showed little or no difference, as did no cycle lanes vs. color block cyc

5、le lanes. Color block lanes had a slight negative effect suggesting that drivers are more careful when cycle lanes have less definition(清晰度)Interestingly, the authors conclude that other factors have a far greater effect on cyclistssafety than presence or absence of cycle lanes. Road width, parking,

6、 opposite vehicle flow and speed were key influences on decreased passing widths. The authors also note that driver behaviour is a hugely important factor and urge more research in this area. “In order to reduce risks and encourage more cycling, reducing and calming the existing motorised traffic mu

7、st be explored first.” They suggest, “Lane width is the most significant variable(變量) to achieve a sufficient vehicle passing distance. The narrow cycle lanes (<2m) may be not enough. Reconsideration of the entire road design and further exploration of driver behavioural factors are required.”【解題

8、導語】本文主要講述了為了實現可持續的清潔和節能的交通系統，歐盟大力推廣使用自行車，并指出在自行車的推廣過程中要解決安全的問題。1What is the main purpose of the EUs promoting cycling?ATo reduce air pollution.BTo build better transport systems.CTo improve peoples health.DTo help people save money on transport.B解析：細節理解題。根據第一段第二句可知，歐盟通過多種途徑推廣使用自行車主要是為了建立可持續的清潔和節能的交通

9、系統，故B項正確。2According to the study, color block lanes may_Amake drivers a bit carelessBcause no overtakingCget cyclists to feel saferDlead to greater passing distancesA解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段最后一句可知，彩色車道有輕微的負面效應，當自行車車道清晰度較低時駕駛員要更小心。據此可以判斷，彩色車道會使駕駛員變得粗心，故A項正確。3In the researchers eyes, the first step to encourage

10、 more cycling is to_Aredesign and rebuild the roads in a cityBdo more research in public bicycle programsCrestrict the number of vehicles running on the roadDmake strict traffic rules to control driver behaviourC解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“In order to reduce risks and encourage more cycling, reducing and calmi

11、ng the existing motorised traffic must be explored first.”可知，為了降低風險，鼓勵更多地使用自行車，首先要減少現有的機動車輛，即控制路上的機動車的數量，故C項正確。4The authors of the research think that driver behaviour_Aneeds further explorationBis an unimportant factorCmakes cycle lanes narrowerDis the most significant variableA解析：細節理解題。根據第三段的“Reco

12、nsideration of the entire road design and further exploration of driver behavioural factors are required.”可知，需要對駕駛員的行為因素做進一步探索，故A項正確。 七選五(2019·山西八校聯考)Self­confident people face their fears head­on and they know that no matter what obstacles come their way，they have the ability to get

13、past them.Wouldnt it be amazing to have this kind of self­confidence？Guess what？You Stay away from negativity.2_ This is a tough one，but its time to seriously consider getting away from those individuals who put you down and shred your confidence.Even a temporary break from Debbie Downer can ma

14、ke a huge difference and help you move toward more self­confidence.Be positive.Put some positive enthusiasm into your interactions with others and hit the ground running，excited to begin your next project. 3._ Instead，begin to focus on solutions and making positive changes.Dont accept failure.N

15、ever give up.Never accept failure and get rid of the negative voices in your head.There is a solution to everything.4._ Make this your new mantra(真言)Succeeding in a difficult or unpleasant situation is a huge confidence booster(激勵)5_Learn everything there is to know about your field，job，presentation

16、whatever is next on your“to conquer”list.If you are prepared，and have the knowledge to back it up，your self­confidence will rise very quickly.ABe prepared.BCreate a great list.CGet out of your comfort zone.DStop focusing on the problems in your life.ETherefore，why would you want to stop trying?

17、FHeres how you can learn to be confident of all you do.GEvaluate your inner circle，including friends and family.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了提高自信的一些方法。1F解析：根據空前的“Wouldnt it be amazing to have this kind of self­confidence？Guess what？You can.”及下文羅列的內容可知，此處需填一個承上啟下的句子，故F項“這是你可以學會對你所做的所有事情感到自信的方法。”符合語境。2.

18、 G解析：根據小標題“Stay away from negativity.”以及G項中的“friends and family”與空后句子中的“those individuals”的對應關系可知，G項符合語境。3D解析：根據小標題“Be positive.”及空后的“Instead，begin to focus on solutions and making positive changes.”可知，空處所填內容與其后面的內容之間存在轉折關系，故D項“不要再關注你生活中的問題。”符合語境。4E解析：根據空前的“Never give up.Never accept failure and get

19、 rid of the negative voices in your head.There is a solution to everything.”可知，空處所填內容與上文存在因果關系，故E項“因此，你為什么想要放棄努力呢？”符合語境。5A解析：根據最后一段中的內容尤其是“If you are prepared，and have the knowledge to back it up.”可知，本段介紹的提高自信的方法是要做好準備，故A項符合語境。 語法填空Helping a person forget something is rarely easy, especially if the

20、“something” is hurtful or negative. Use some simple techniques to distract from the issue and 1._(hope) with time going by, the person wont be able to remember 2._ he is supposed to forget.Remove all the items that may bring back the memory. Any small objects can jog his memory, so carefully replace

21、 any photos, diaries or any other 3._(person) objects or presents with new items.Change the subject whenever your friend brings it up. Dont do this in 4._ obvious way because this is annoying, but do it without his awareness of your 5._(intend). Tell some 6._(amuse) stories or talk about important a

22、nd happy events in your friends life such as a new nephew or a work promotion.Occupy him with 7._(activity) and appointments. Keeping him too busy 8._(think) about the past helps him see a positive light. Create a full schedule and introduce new things and experiences, such as a cooking class, which

23、 require concentration.Be patient and allow time to get over things. It will be often a long time 9._your friend fully removes that memory, so dont be 10._(disappoint) if it doesnt happen immediately.【解題導語】本文主要講述了幫助他人忘掉不快樂的記憶的四條建議。1hopefully解析：考查副詞。空處修飾后面的整個句子，故用副詞形式。2what解析：考查賓語從句。分析該句結構可知，空處引導賓語從句

24、，且在從句中作動詞forget的賓語，故用what引導該賓語從句，表示隨著時間流逝，這個人就不會記得他應當忘記的事情了。3personal解析：考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞objects，故用形容詞形式。句意：任何小物件都能喚起記憶，所以小心地用新物品替換任何照片、日記或其他個人的物品或禮物。4an解析：考查冠詞。不要以一種明顯的方式做這件事，因為這很煩人。該處表示“一種明顯的方式”，表示泛指，故用不定冠詞；obvious的讀音以元音音素開頭，故用an。5intention解析：考查名詞。根據空前的形容詞性物主代詞your可知，該處用名詞形式。句意：不要以明顯的方式來做這件事情，因為這很煩人，但要

25、在他(朋友)沒有意識到你的意圖的情況下做這件事情。6amusing解析：考查形容詞。根據空后的名詞stories可知，空處修飾該名詞，故用形容詞形式amusing。句意：講一些有趣的故事，或者談談你朋友的生活中重要和快樂的事情，比如剛出生的侄子或者工作晉升。7activities解析：考查名詞復數。根據該句中的“and appointments”可知，空處與此并列，應用名詞的復數形式。句意：使他忙于活動和約會。8to think解析：考查固定搭配。too.to.為固定搭配，意為“太而不能”。句意：讓他忙得無法想起往事，這有助于讓他看到積極之光。9before解析：考查連詞。句意：通常很長的一段

26、時間之后，你的朋友才會完全忘掉這段記憶，所以如果他沒有馬上忘掉這段記憶，你不要失望。It will be一段時間before.表示“多久之后才”，故用連詞before。10disappointed解析：考查形容詞。空處所在句為祈使句，系動詞be后接形容詞，且修飾人，故用disappointed。 短文改錯(2019·山師大附中模擬)Jinan is facing seriously traffic problems. Too much cars travel on the roads. This heavy traffic causes delays and the plenty of air pollution. Besides Jinan, many cities in China have traffic problems and Beijing is the worse one. One of the reason why there is so much traffic is because only a small number of people u