1、 學(xué)校代碼：10904 機(jī)械工程測試技術(shù)課程設(shè)計(jì)車庫自動(dòng)門的設(shè)計(jì)姓 名：學(xué) 號：指導(dǎo)教師：院系(部所)：機(jī)電工程學(xué)院專 業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化完成日期：2014/12/23摘 要隨著汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，人們對車庫的需求量日益增長。 對車庫門自動(dòng)控制是今后車庫向智能化發(fā)展的必然趨勢。本文主要闡述了車庫自動(dòng)門的設(shè)計(jì)思想與程序編制,對該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了各方面的分析，對各方面要求的系統(tǒng)加以詳細(xì)敘述，控制的說明、系統(tǒng)流程圖、外部接線圖、梯形圖必要的文字說明介紹了以PLC為應(yīng)用的車庫自動(dòng)門的系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)。此系統(tǒng)對車庫的管理有很大的幫助、對疏導(dǎo)交通流量、提高道路通行能力有明顯的效果，有很大的實(shí)用價(jià)值。由于科學(xué)技術(shù)

2、的日新月異，我們的生活發(fā)生了巨大的變化。一個(gè)智能化、自動(dòng)化的社會(huì)已經(jīng)開始呈現(xiàn)于我們的眼前，這為我們提供了非常多的便利。其中自動(dòng)門就是自動(dòng)化進(jìn)程中的一個(gè)典型代表，此設(shè)計(jì)就是運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識，結(jié)合實(shí)際需要而進(jìn)行研究的。為了增強(qiáng)自動(dòng)門運(yùn)行的可靠性,提出了一種以S7-200可編程序控制器(PLC)為核心的自動(dòng)門控制系統(tǒng)。分析了該控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理,描述了系統(tǒng)的硬件組成,介紹了人體感應(yīng)探測、自動(dòng)門運(yùn)行位置檢測、門運(yùn)行障礙檢測等控制電路的工作過程,對PLC的選型及I/O點(diǎn)的確定進(jìn)行了說明。結(jié)合PLC的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn),對控制系統(tǒng)的工作流程作了合理的優(yōu)化。在此基礎(chǔ)上,采用結(jié)構(gòu)化的編程方法,給出了主程序模塊、開門子程序

3、模塊、關(guān)門子程序模塊的程序流程圖。系統(tǒng)已通過硬件和軟件調(diào)試,在實(shí)際中獲得了應(yīng)用。應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,整個(gè)系統(tǒng)功能完善,性能可靠。 結(jié)合PLC的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)，對控制系統(tǒng)的工作流程作了合理的優(yōu)化。在此基礎(chǔ)上，給出了控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)的程序流程圖、順序功能圖、外部端子接線圖及PLC控制梯形圖等。本設(shè)計(jì)介紹應(yīng)用可編程控制器取代傳統(tǒng)的繼電器、接觸器控制系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)門控制的過程。【關(guān)鍵字】可編程控制器 S7-200 自動(dòng)門 控制系統(tǒng)目 錄引言4第一章 方案設(shè)計(jì)51.1功能需求分析51.2自動(dòng)門的結(jié)構(gòu)51.3控制方案5第二章 硬件設(shè)計(jì)62.1 控制器的選型62.2 驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置的選型62.3 限位開關(guān)62.4 電子鎖6第

4、三章 軟件設(shè)計(jì)73.1控制方案73.2 I/073.3 PLC外圍73.4 程序流程圖83.5梯形圖9結(jié) 論10致 謝12參考文獻(xiàn)13引 言隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)在擁有汽車的國人越來越多，對好的車庫門的需求也在不斷增大，同時(shí)外國先進(jìn)的車庫門不斷的占領(lǐng)中國市場，國產(chǎn)的車庫門還處于落后狀態(tài)。車庫自動(dòng)門性能優(yōu)劣主要取決于它的控制裝置，早期的車庫自動(dòng)門控制系統(tǒng)采用繼電器邏輯控制，造成安裝繁瑣、體積大、不穩(wěn)定、不易維修等缺點(diǎn)已逐漸被淘汰。本設(shè)計(jì)主要是針對別墅型車庫自動(dòng)門的自動(dòng)開關(guān)控制而論，自動(dòng)門控制裝置系統(tǒng)有檢測元件、可編程控制器（PLC）、電動(dòng)機(jī)、電子鎖組成。第一章 方案設(shè)計(jì)1.1功能需求分析隨著汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)

5、的發(fā)展，人們對車庫的需求量日益增長。車庫門自動(dòng)控制是今后車庫向智能化發(fā)展的必然趨勢。自動(dòng)門在國外早已得到普遍的應(yīng)用，在我國也以優(yōu)異的性能逐步得到大家的認(rèn)同，中國已迎來了自動(dòng)們發(fā)展的黃金時(shí)期目前自動(dòng)門及其自動(dòng)化行業(yè)最穩(wěn)定的控制裝置是PLC，它是一種專門為在工業(yè)環(huán)境下應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)字運(yùn)算操作的電子裝置。運(yùn)用PLC控制自動(dòng)門具有較高的可靠性、維修方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此看來，進(jìn)行車庫自動(dòng)門的PLC控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，可以推動(dòng)自動(dòng)門行業(yè)的發(fā)展，擴(kuò)大PLC在自動(dòng)門行業(yè)乃至整個(gè)自動(dòng)化行業(yè)的應(yīng)用，具有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)和理論研究價(jià)值。1.2自動(dòng)門的結(jié)構(gòu)主控制器：它是自動(dòng)門的指揮中心，通過內(nèi)部編有指令程序的大規(guī)模集成塊，發(fā)出相應(yīng)指

6、令、指揮馬達(dá)或電鎖類系統(tǒng)工作；同時(shí)人們通過主控制器調(diào)節(jié)門扇開啟速度、開啟幅度等參數(shù)。感應(yīng)探測器：負(fù)責(zé)采集外部信號，如同人們的眼睛，當(dāng)有移動(dòng)的物體進(jìn)入它的工作范圍時(shí)，它就給主控制器一個(gè)脈沖信號；動(dòng)力馬達(dá)：提供開門與關(guān)門的主動(dòng)力，控制門扇加速與減速運(yùn)行。門扇行運(yùn)軌道：就像火車的鐵軌，約束門扇的吊具走輪系統(tǒng)，使其按特定方向進(jìn)行。門扇吊具走輪系統(tǒng)：用于吊掛活動(dòng)門扇，同時(shí)在動(dòng)力牽引下帶動(dòng)門扇運(yùn)行。同步皮帶：用于傳輸馬達(dá)所產(chǎn)動(dòng)力，牽引門扇吊具走輪系統(tǒng)。下部導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)：是門扇下部的導(dǎo)向與定位裝置，防止門扇在運(yùn)行時(shí)出現(xiàn)前后門體擺動(dòng)。1.3控制方案當(dāng)車到達(dá)車庫門口時(shí)，用電子鎖打開車庫庫門，電動(dòng)機(jī)正傳卷簾門打開。碰

7、到上限位開關(guān)時(shí)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)汽車進(jìn)入到車庫里時(shí)，按下電子鎖關(guān)門，電動(dòng)機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)閉卷簾門。碰到下限位開關(guān)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止反轉(zhuǎn)庫門關(guān)閉。當(dāng)車要出車庫時(shí)，用電子鎖打開車庫庫門，電動(dòng)機(jī)正傳卷簾門打開。碰到上限位開關(guān)時(shí)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)開出車庫門口時(shí)，按下電子鎖關(guān)門，電動(dòng)機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)閉卷簾門。碰到下限位開關(guān)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止反轉(zhuǎn)庫門關(guān)閉。第二章 硬件設(shè)計(jì)2.1控制器PLC目前主要的品牌有：美國AB，比利時(shí)ABB，松下，西門子，匯川，三菱，歐姆龍，臺(tái)達(dá)，富士，施耐德，信捷 創(chuàng)研等。本設(shè)計(jì)中采用西門子公司的S7-200型PLC,其優(yōu)越的性能表現(xiàn)為極高的可靠性極豐富的指令集，易于掌握，便捷的操作，豐富的內(nèi)置集成功能，

8、實(shí)時(shí)特性，強(qiáng)勁的通訊能力，豐富的擴(kuò)展模塊。2.2 驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置的選型 自動(dòng)門的驅(qū)動(dòng)器是自動(dòng)門能否良好工作的保障。在本設(shè)計(jì)中是運(yùn)用直流無刷電機(jī)。直流無刷電機(jī)功率密度高，噪音極小、調(diào)速性能好，即具備交流電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、運(yùn)行可靠、維護(hù)方便等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，又具備直流電動(dòng)機(jī)線性機(jī)械特性、調(diào)速范圍寬、啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩大、運(yùn)行效率高等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。是應(yīng)用于“輕、小、薄、安靜、精密、可靠”等場合的最佳選擇本設(shè)計(jì)選用的是亞坦電機(jī)控制有限公司生產(chǎn)的45BLDC系列直流無刷電機(jī)，電機(jī)直徑45，額定轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)800轉(zhuǎn)，功500W600W。額定電壓240V DC。2.3 限位開關(guān) 保護(hù)環(huán)節(jié)我采用限位開關(guān)，限位開關(guān)又稱行程開關(guān)，是一種利用生產(chǎn)機(jī)械某

9、些運(yùn)動(dòng)部件的碰撞來發(fā)出控制命令的主令電器。用于控制生產(chǎn)機(jī)械的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向、速度、行程大小或位置的一種自動(dòng)控制器件。 限位開關(guān)廣泛應(yīng)用于各類機(jī)床、起重機(jī)械以及輕工機(jī)械的行程控制。當(dāng)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)到某一運(yùn)動(dòng)位置時(shí)，行程開關(guān)通過機(jī)械可動(dòng)部分的動(dòng)作，將機(jī)械信號轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對生產(chǎn)機(jī)械的控制，限制它們的動(dòng)作和位置，借此對生產(chǎn)機(jī)械給以必要的保護(hù)。2.4 電子鎖本設(shè)計(jì)采用按鍵式電子鎖。按鍵式電子鎖：采用鍵盤輸入開鎖密碼，操作方便如果密碼正確，則驅(qū)動(dòng)電磁執(zhí)行器開鎖。如果密碼不正確，則允許操作人員重新輸入密碼，最多可輸入三次;如果三次都不正確，則發(fā)出警報(bào)。第三章 軟件設(shè)計(jì)3.1控制方案 按下電子鎖開關(guān)I0.0，

10、電動(dòng)機(jī)正轉(zhuǎn)卷簾門打開。當(dāng)電動(dòng)機(jī)正轉(zhuǎn)碰到上限位開關(guān)I0.1時(shí)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)卷簾門停止打開。汽車開始駛進(jìn)車庫。全部進(jìn)入后，按下電子鎖I0.3關(guān)門，電動(dòng)機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)卷簾門開始關(guān)閉。當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)下限位開關(guān)I0.2時(shí)，電動(dòng)機(jī)停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，卷簾門關(guān)閉完成。如此循環(huán)運(yùn)行。3.2 I/O分配表 根據(jù)控制要求，輸入輸出分配表如下所示輸 入輸 出名稱功能及作用編號名稱功能及作用編號SB1電子鎖開門I0.0M1電動(dòng)機(jī)正傳（開門）Q0.0SQ1上限位開關(guān)I0.1SQ2下限位開關(guān)I0.2M2電動(dòng)機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)（關(guān)門）Q0.1SB2電子鎖關(guān)門I0.3表3.2輸入輸出分配表3.3 PLC外部接線圖圖3.3 外部接線圖3.4 程序流程圖圖3.4

11、車庫自動(dòng)門控制流程圖3.5 PLC梯形圖的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)束語 本課題研究了基于PLC的車庫自動(dòng)門控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原理與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，包括硬件設(shè)計(jì)與軟件設(shè)計(jì)。不僅在理論上論證了該系統(tǒng)實(shí)施的可行性，而且在實(shí)驗(yàn)中進(jìn)行了模擬調(diào)試。 雖說調(diào)試后本系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì)能夠達(dá)到實(shí)際要求，但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中還應(yīng)結(jié)合實(shí)際情況，考慮各部分的容量及其技術(shù)參數(shù)，供電電源的設(shè)計(jì)、系統(tǒng)接地問題、電纜設(shè)計(jì)與鋪設(shè)、PLC輸出端保護(hù)等問題，已使系統(tǒng)達(dá)到安全可靠的工作，所以要想交付用戶使用，必須得通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)試。這就又給我們提出了更高層次的問題，畢竟一個(gè)較好的和較完善的應(yīng)用軟件不是在短時(shí)間內(nèi)就可以完成的它需要不斷的完善和發(fā)展，需要我們做大量的工作和時(shí)間的

12、檢驗(yàn)?，F(xiàn)在的系統(tǒng)還沒有達(dá)到真正的智能化，還需要正增加很多新的功能和先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)，才能達(dá)到真正意義上的智能化控制。 雖然現(xiàn)在自動(dòng)門廣泛地使用PLC作為控制元件，但單片機(jī)等更為便宜，所以，應(yīng)該在現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)利用單片機(jī)等控制的自動(dòng)門系統(tǒng)。而且現(xiàn)有的故障診斷很不全面，應(yīng)該增加主動(dòng)性預(yù)防診斷，可使系統(tǒng)在發(fā)生故障之前，我們就可以預(yù)見故障、排除故障，使運(yùn)行中的故障率降低到最低水平，保障自動(dòng)門安全可靠運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。 最終，就是以信息技術(shù)為主，通過先進(jìn)使用技術(shù)，提升傳統(tǒng)自動(dòng)門制造業(yè)，強(qiáng)化產(chǎn)、學(xué)、研的有效結(jié)合，盡快實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)引進(jìn)和自主創(chuàng)新相結(jié)合的模式，建立和完善技術(shù)開發(fā)體系，全力提升自動(dòng)門制造層次和水平。致謝歷時(shí)半載

13、，從課程設(shè)計(jì)從選題到搜集資料，從開題報(bào)告、寫初稿到反復(fù)修改，期間經(jīng)歷了喜悅、聒噪、痛苦和彷徨，在設(shè)計(jì)的過程中心情是如此復(fù)雜。如今，伴隨著這篇畢業(yè)論文的最終成稿，復(fù)雜的心情煙消云散，自己甚至還有一點(diǎn)成就感。通過對車庫自動(dòng)門控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，在學(xué)習(xí)與設(shè)計(jì)過程中，了解所設(shè)計(jì)工程的工藝流程，從而完成了對自動(dòng)門系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)，同時(shí)，對于自動(dòng)門硬件，也知道了一些周邊技術(shù)，擴(kuò)充了知識面，增強(qiáng)對工藝的理解。我的這篇畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文的完成，本文的構(gòu)思、規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)撰寫得到了同學(xué)們的悉心幫助外,最重要的是感謝指導(dǎo)老師盧紀(jì)麗。她無論是在室內(nèi)資料整理還是在課題設(shè)計(jì)等各個(gè)方面都給予了大量的指導(dǎo)和幫助，令我不但完成了論文，也學(xué)

14、到了許多書本上學(xué)不到的知識，受益匪淺，特致以深深的感謝。其次要感謝各位專業(yè)課老師的幫助，他們?yōu)槲姨峁┝舜罅抠Y料及室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)給與指導(dǎo)，使論文得以順利完成。在此對幫助過我的各位老師致以誠摯的感謝。值此課題完成之際，謹(jǐn)向所有曾為我?guī)椭椭笇?dǎo)老師、同學(xué)和朋友們致以衷心的感謝！參考文獻(xiàn)【1】 PLC技術(shù)應(yīng)用 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 主編 廖常初 【2】PLC控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與調(diào)試 人民郵電出版社 主編 王成福【3】例說西門子PLC S7-200 人民郵電出版社 編著 李曉寧 【4】西門子S7-200CNPLC編程技術(shù)及工程應(yīng)用 電子工業(yè)出版社 作者 高正中 張仁彥 隋濤 【5】西門子S7-200從入門到實(shí)踐 電子工業(yè)

15、出版社 作者 李方園 【6】Auto CAD 2008中文版電氣制圖教程 化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 作者 楊雨松 【7】機(jī)械工程測量技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 主編 熊詩波 黃長藝a您好，為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料，請您刪除以下內(nèi)容，O(_)O謝謝！A national survey was recently launched to evaluate the eye health of Chinese children andteenagers.On J

16、une 6, China's annual National Day for Eye Care, the China Youth Development ServiceCenter and Zhejiang Medicine, a leading listed Chinese pharmaceutical company, jointlyannounced&#

17、160;the kickoff of the survey.In about one month, a questionnaire compiled by top eye care medical experts in China willbe distributed through multiple online partners, includ

18、ing H, as well asthrough offline survey events held in universities, middle schools and primary schools acrossthe country.A report will be released based on the survey st

19、atistics and analysis, and most importantly,guidelines for parents and youth on how to care for the eyes and prevent myopia  agrowing problem in China's digitized soc

20、iety, will also be attached on the report."Myopia is not only a disease that makes people see things blurrily, but also leads to severecomplications, such as glaucom

21、a (increased pressure within the eyeball), and can causeblindness," said Zhou Yuehua, an established eye care specialist with Beijing TongrenHospital."It is very important for

22、 parents and children to know about the risk and care for their eyes."There are about 450 million myopia patients in China. Among Chinese myopia patients,30million a

23、re severe patients, according to ZhouThe prevalence of myopia among high school and college students is more than 70 percent,and the situation is continuously worsening, he

24、60;added.Sun Zhu, director with the China Youth Development Service Center, said long hours ofstudy, lack of exercise, especially outdoor activities, and attachment to electronic s

25、creen aresome of the top reasons behind the widespread myopia problems, and the increase ofyounger patients, although China has made great progress in improving the hardwarefa

26、cilities and lighting conditions in schools.He said he hopes the survey will alert people on the threatening situation, and also helpmedical experts to better guideline parent

27、s and children's behaviors to care for eyes, basedon the timely and factual statistics the survey collected.A series of follow-up events will also be held in six 

28、;cities, including Jinan in Shandongprovince, and Changsha in Hunan province, to educate people on how to care for eyes afterthe survey started. More and more Chinese are jogging to get and stay

29、fit. Most joggers will run alone, but some will jog with friends or even coaches. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is one of the most popular spots. It is packed with runners in the afternoon, usually after work, and at weekends. Jogging after a whole day's work can be a way to unwind. It is true

30、 for He Wenjun, whose workplace is right near the forest park. She discovered her athletic aptitude at the age of seven, when she began playing tennis. Then she turned to jogging, and she has persevered with it for 10 years. "I come to jog almost every day after work, whenever I have time. I th

31、ink jogging is good for my health. And for me, a girl, it helps me to achieve to eternal goal, to keep slim," He said. He says she prefers jogging alone, so she can focus better. She loves jogging, even during Beijing's smoggy days. "If the smog is severe, I'll hold off jogging for

32、 a while. But if I really want to get away from work, I'll wear a mask, or just ignore the smog and go on jogging," she said. For those who are not so athletic, jogging also has its attractions. Wu Houbin started roughly two years ago, when he was severely obese. Within two months, his weig

33、ht dropped from 82 kilograms to 64 kilograms. The success helped him recover health, and he has made friends. "Jogging does not require speed, but stamina. If you want to stick to the game, you need to take it as a mission, a habit, and then eventually a hobby," Wu said. But persevering wi

34、th jogging is not always easy. Jogging is beneficial for heart-lung function, and the skeletal system, but doctors say improper technique damages the joints, especially the knees and ankles. "Excessive jogging wears down the body, and harms one's health. Poor technique harms the muscles and

35、 skeleton, and can cause secondary injures. And, jogging in a bad environment can cause circulation problems," said Lu Zhiyong, attending doctor, Sports Hospital, General Admin. of Sports.Dr. Lu has some tips for joggers, and those who are thinking of taking it up.He says people should first ev

36、aluate their physical condition, to decide the amount and type of exercise, and jogging in the open air is better running on a treadmill. Conrad Macao will run special programs for the entire month of October this year to support the Hong Kong Cancer Fund's Pink Revolution, an annual campaign th

37、at seeks to raise awareness and funds for breast cancer research, the hotel recently announced. A major sponsor of the campaign for three years in a row, Conrad Macao has pledged to donate a portion of its proceeds to the fund, including those collected from selling its popular bear and rubber duck

38、merchandise, in limited pink editions. Pink is the theme for floral arrangements and decorations in the hotel in October. In addition, on Fridays that month, members of the management and staff will add something pink to their uniforms, regular e-mails and handwritten guest cards. "Breast cance

39、r is the most prevalent type of cancer among women in Hong Kong and is also of significant concern in Macao and around the world, regardless of age," general manager Bede Barry said in a statement. The hotel has enlisted the support of a number of international and local celebrities to help dri

40、ve the cause, including South Korean actor Jung Suk Won. This year, a lucky guest who stays at the hotel during the campaign and also donates money for the cause will win a necklace specially designed by Arte Madrid, a Spanish jewelry brand. Women should strive to balance quality of work and life, a

41、nd have children at a young age. As a doctor I see much suffering because of this imbalance. Xiao Ying, 36, works for a large law firm. Her job means lots of travel, a heavy caseload and a large number of meetings, so her schedule is hectic. She has been pregnant twice, but had abortions on both occ

42、asions because she felt her busy, high-pressure career wasn't conducive to raising a child. She planned to have children once she had achieved career success so she could provide a stable environment for her baby. After 10 years, Xiao felt the time was right, and she tried to conceive for about

43、six months, but was unable to become pregnant. I conducted comprehensive physical checkups. The results suggested that Xiao's ovarian function has declined and a bilateral oviduct blockage has occurred, meaning that in vitro fertilization is her only option. So, after reducing her workload, Xiao

44、 underwent IVF treatment. Luckily, she got pregnant after just one treatment cycle, but later experienced vaginal bleeding, and rushed to the hospital. I told her to rest and carry on with the treatment (to prevent a miscarriage). As Zubin Zarthoshtimanesh, a yoga guru, demonstrated postures at a hi

45、gh school stadium in Dujiangyan city, Sichuan province, some 200 students sat on colorful mats watching him closely. It was part of the first India-China international yoga festival in the provincial capital, Chengdu, in Southwest China, where more than 1,000 fans from home and abroad gathered for l

46、essons from 20 leading practitioners of the ancient Indian regimen, from June 17-21. Yoga is to India what perhaps tai chi is to China. Many countries other than India and China, also held the first World Yoga Day on June 21, after the United Nations last year agreed to Indian Prime Minister Narendr

47、a Modi's suggestion that a special day be marked in the year for the global practice of the stress-busting regimen, which is already a multibillion dollar industry in the United States. Modi said in the speech: "Yoga is an invaluable gift of India's ancient tradition. . It is not about

48、exercise but to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and nature."Zarthoshtimanesh, who runs his own yoga center, Iyengar Yogabhyasa, in the Indian financial capital of Mumbai, says: "Chinese students are very respectful. For me, all students are the same no matter what th

49、eir race is and where they come from. The most important thing is to remove mental walls." Zarthoshtimanesh learned yoga from the late Yogacharya Iyengar and traveled with the master to different countries. Consulate General of India in southern China's Guangzhou city organized the Chengdu

50、festival. A terrifying wooden bridge in China has just been replaced by a glass one. This, the worlds longest glass-bottomed walkway, is located in Shiniuzhai Geopark in Hunan, and spans 300m (984f) and is 180m (590f) above ground. The floor is made of double-layered glass that is 24mm (0.94in), and

51、 is reportedly 25 times stronger than regular window glass. The bridge had previously been made of wood, linking the two peaks of Stone Buddha Mountain, but 11 engineers working 12 hours a day converted it to glass. Previously, you were considered brave if you steeled yourself to cross the wooden wa

52、lkway; now, with its glass bottom, the bridge is already being referred to as “hero bridge.” The popular chain's longtime executive chef embraces mapo tofu and other exotic elements for the burger-driven menu, Liu Zhihua reports.At the age of 37, Shanghai native Lin Zhengu has become a star as a

53、 Western cuisine chef in the Chinese metropolis, a city that has a wealth of Western restaurants. The executive chef of Blue Frog Bar and Grill, a popular burger-based restaurant and bar chain on the Chinese mainland, Lin is the soul of the restaurant franchise's team of more than 550 chefs. Man

54、y of the franchise's most popular dishes are his brainchild. Lin says his secret of success is innovation rooted in experience: He spends months every year traveling and eating worldwide, seeking new ingredients and inspirations that could improve the offerings of Blue Frog restaurants. The restaurant chain regularly launches a new seasonal menu, usually featuring eight new dishes with fresh ingredients. The best-selling seasonal dishes later replace the least popular items on the regular menu, which is usually updated in late fall and boasts a