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1、;.八年級英語下冊Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park 知識講解【單元目標】.單詞與短語neither amusement discover especially attendant travel population characterfeartype awake environmenttemperature theme attraction route boardcruise boatsoutheast quarter brave excellent natural whenever seasondarkhave a great ti

2、me 玩的愉快take a ride 兜風end up 結束on board 在船(飛機、火車)上exchange student 交換生take a holiday 休假;度假three quarters 四分之三all year round 一年到頭;終年haveproblem(in) doing sth.做某事遇到問題be close to 接近,靠近think of/about doing sth. 考慮或打算做某事argue with sb. 與人爭吵.目標句型:1. Have you ever been to?Yes,I have. /No,I havent.2. I/He/She

3、 has / have never been to3. Where have you been?4. Where do you want to go?5. How long have you been doing?6. What do you like best about doing sth.?7. What kind of job do you want?8. How do/did you do sth.?9. How do you spell your name?.語法現在完成時A.表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,或從過去已經開始,持續到現在的動作或狀態。如:The

4、car has arrived. 車子來了。(結果:車子已在門口)Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗戶打破了。(結果:窗戶仍破著)現在完成時句子通常有recently,lately,since,for,in the past few months/years等詞做時間狀語。肯定形式:have/has + done否定形式:have/has + not +done一般疑問句:have或has放于句首。B.現在完成時的用法1)現在完成時所表示的動作在說話之前已完成,而對現在有影響。所以常常后面不用時間狀語。現在完成時所表的動作離說話人的說話時刻可近可遠。如:新

5、課 標 第一網He has gone to London. (說話人認為他不在該地)He has been to London. (說話人認為他在該地)2)現在完成時所表示的動作開始于過去,持續到現在,也許還會持續下去。常用for和since表示一段時間的狀語或so far,now,today,this week (month,year)等表示包括現在時間在內的狀語。例如:He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意:表示短暫時間動作的詞,

6、如:come,go,die,marry,buy等的完成時不能與for,since等表示一段時間的詞連用。3)現在完成時還可用在時間和條件狀語從句中,表示將來某時完成的動作。例如:Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it has stopped snowing in the morning,we will go to the park.【重點詞語】1.record(1)record作名詞,表示“記錄”This is a record of school attendance. 這是一份學生考勤記錄。He kept a r

7、ecord of what the speaker sail. 他把說話人所說的話都記錄了下來。(2)record作名詞還可表示“有關某人或某物過去的已知事實;檔案記錄”。He has an honorable record of service. 他有光榮的服務記錄。(3)record作動詞,表示“寫出以作參考、記錄”。例如:The tape recorder has recorded his voice 錄音機已經錄下了他的聲音。Listen to the speaker carefully and record what he says. 仔細聽講,然后記下他所說的話。2. have b

8、een to表示“到(去)過某處”,現在已不在那個地方。如:He has been to England. 他曾到過英國。(現在已經不在英國了)Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你到過長城嗎?(現在已經不在長城上)have gone to表示“去了某處”,“到某處去了”,現在已不在說話的地點了。如:He has gone to England。他已去英國了。(已經不在說話的地方,到達英國或者在去英國的路上)3. timen. U 時間,時候如:Time never stands still. 時間不會停滯不前。The time has come for

9、 us to speak out. 是我們大膽講話的時候了。n. C 一段時間,時刻如:You have taken a long time writing the letter. 你用了很長時間寫這封信。We had a good time together. 我們一起度過了愉快的時光。n. (多用復數)時代如:He is one of the best actors in modern times. 他是現代最好的演員之一。In Shakespeares time there were no actresses on the English stage.莎士比亞時代英國舞臺上沒有女演員。n

10、. 次;倍如:This is the first time that I have ever been abroad. 這真是我第一次出國。Your room is three times the size of mine. 你的房間是我的三倍大。注意:作“倍,次”,必須用于“三次(倍)”以上,一、二次(倍)用once,twice表示。4. attract(1)用作及物動詞,可直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。The noise attracted his attention. 喧嚷聲引起了他的注意。(2)attract常用于be attracted to sb / sth結構,意為“喜愛某人或某物”。

11、Im very attracted to her. 我非常喜歡她。5. discover(1)作“發現”講時,作及物動詞,后跟名詞作賓語,指的是那些原來已存在的,但不為人知的物或事等They discovered him stealing public property. 他們發現他盜竊公共財產。Who discovered the America? 誰發現了美洲?(2)discover還可意為“知道事實,答案”I soon discovered the truth. 不久我便知道了真相。6. onethe other表示“(兩者中的)一個另一個”,該短語是代詞短語,強調兩個當中的一個另一個。

12、注意其基數必須是兩個。I have two sister. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.我有兩個姐姐,一個是醫生,一個是老師。Hold it in this hand,not the other. 用這只手握著,不要用那只手。7. for example表示“例如”,該短語常用在句中作插入語,用于舉例說明情況,可放在句首、句中或句末,但常用逗號與正文隔開。常置于句首。We feed many animals,for example,cows,pigs,dogs,horses etc.我們喂養很多的動物,例如奶牛、豬、狗、馬等等。For

13、 example,Jack Booth,a 21-year-old man,gave up his job in San Francisco Library a year ago.例如,21歲的杰克?布斯在一年前放棄了他在舊金山圖書館的工作。For example,I know the film star Zhang Ziyi. 譬如,我認識電影明星章子怡。8. mean(1)mean作及物動詞,意為“意思是,意味著”。What does this word mean? 這個單詞是什么意思?(2)mean意為“意思是”,還可跟that引導的賓語從句。例如:The teacher meant t

14、hat you must listen carefully in class.老師的意思是你上課必須認真聽講。(3)mean還可意為“意味著”,后跟動名詞作賓語。What he said means sending you to the hospital. 他說的話得意思著要送你去醫院。(4)mean還可意為“打算,意圖”,后跟動詞不定式作賓語。例如:I dont mean to hurt you. 我并無意傷害你。What do you mean to do next? 你下一步打算做什么?9. own(1)own意為“自己的,特有的”,常與名詞所有格連用,起加強語氣的作用。Its nice

15、 if I can have my own room. 我要是能有自己的房間就好了。(2)own作代詞,意為“屬于某人之物”,相當于一個名詞性物主代詞。Those books belong to the library but this is my own.那些書是圖書館的,但這本是我自己的。(3)own還可作動詞,表示“擁有,有”。We dont rent our house; we own it. 我們的房子不是租的,是我們自己的。(4)own作動詞,還可表示“承認,自白”。He owned to have done it. 他承認曾經干過這件事。10. ask for表示“要求,請求”。

16、Bill did a lot for me without asking for any reward比爾為我做了許多事,沒要任何報酬。Don't serve water at meals unless someone asks for it.除非有人要,就餐時不要端水上去。I've asked for an interview with the manager.我已請求與經理見面。If you get into difficulties,don't hesitate to ask for advice.如果你陷入困境,應立即去請求建議。If I had asked f

17、or direction,I wouldn't have lost my way.我要問一問方向的話,就不會迷路了。【重難點分析】1.Have you ever been to a water park? 你曾去過水上公園嗎?No,I havent. 不,沒去過。Me,neither. 我也沒去過。(1)have been to表示某人“去過某地,現在已經回來了”,可用于各種人稱。I have been to the Summer Palace. 我去過頤和園。Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你曾經去過上海嗎?I have never been to t

18、he city. 我從沒去過那座城市。(2)副詞ever意為“曾經,以前,無論何時”表示一個不確定的時間。主要用于否定句、疑問句、條件句、比較句等。Have you ever been to Paris? 你曾去過巴黎嗎?We hardly ever go out at night. 我們晚上很少出去。(3)本句中Me,neither. 是口語化的簡略回答。一般情況下用Neither have I,為“neither + 系/助/情態動詞+主語”結構,neither在此意為“也不”,表示主語所做的動作與前面提到過的人或事相同,是為了避免語言重復,其中的系/助/情態動詞在時態上與前一句保持一致,

19、而在數上要與其后的主語一致。例如: I cant swim. 我不會游泳。 Neither can I. 我也不會。I dont want to go, neither will I. 我不想去,也不會去。He didnt go to school. Neither did she. 他沒去上學,她也沒去。(4)若在肯定句中表示“也”,則要用“so +系/助/情態動詞”。I am a student,so is my sister. 我是學生,我妹妹也是學生。He can swim,so can I. 他會游泳,我也會。I feel happy,so does he. 我高興,他也高興。2.

20、All the houses look like houses in Holland.所有的房子看起來像荷蘭的房子。句子look是系動詞,后跟介詞短語作表語。look like表示“像,與相似”是一動詞短語。He looks so much like his brother that people often mistake them for each other.他和他弟弟十分相像,人們常錯認他們。These houses look exactly like each other,which makes the street look very dull.這些房屋一模一樣,使這條街顯得單調乏

21、味。3. Most of us have probably heard of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and many other famous Disney characters. 我們大部分人可能都聽說過米老鼠、唐老鴨還有其他許多有名的迪士尼人物。(1)hear of為動介結構,后面常接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語,表示聽到有關某事的消息或情況。They have never heard of that. 他們從未聽說過那件事。hear of后一般不接從句,要接從句時,則不用of。例如:I heard our Chinese teacher was ill. 我聽

22、說我們的語文教師病了。(2)probably表示“可能”,是一種推測。He will probably succeed. 他很可能會成功。4. I want to study in an English-speaking country.我想到一個說英語的國家深造。(1)want to do sth 意為“想要做某事”。Did you want to tell me something? 你想告訴我些什么嗎?(2)English-speaking是合成形容詞,表示“說英語的”,注意spoken English表示“英語口語”。5. I've never been to an amuse

23、ment park like it before. 我以前從未去過那樣的露天游樂場。(1)副詞never作“永不,決不”解,表示全部否定,一般指經常性的狀態,不用于修飾一次性的具體動作;一般位于系動詞及助動詞之后,實義動詞之前,如修飾動詞不定式或分詞,則要放在不定式或分詞之前;never可用于句首加強語氣,其后的句子要主謂倒裝。I can never understand why Mary said nothing about her wrongs.我絕不理解瑪麗說的她什么也沒有做錯。I hope never to see him again. 我希望再也不要見到他。He is never l

24、ate for class. 他上課從不遲到。Never have l seen such a strange person. 我從來沒看見過這樣的怪人。(2)before用作副詞表示“以前”。泛指“以前”時,謂語動詞可用一般過去時表示過去發生過,也可用現在完成時則表示對現在的影響。用于特指時通常置于表示具體時間的名詞之后。We saw that film before. 那部電影我們以前看過。I have never seen such a beautiful scene. 我從來沒有見過這樣美麗的景象。It came across my mind that l had met him so

25、mewhere before.我突然意識到我曾在什么地方見過他。6. Here's what two of our students said about our school.這里就是兩個我們的學生所說的關于我們學校的情況。(1)這是一個含有主語從句的倒裝的主從復合句。連接代詞what既引導主語從句,又在從句中作said的賓語。What he said is true. 他所說的是真的。What l need most is your help. 我最需要的是你的幫助。What we need badly are more teachers. 我們急需的是更多的老師。(2)副詞her

26、e置于句首要用倒裝語序,主語為代詞部分倒裝,主語為名詞全部倒裝。Here it is. 給你。Here is a letter for you. 這是給你的來信。Here comes the bus! 汽車來了!Here's the book you're looking for. 這就是你正在找的書。Here he comes! 他來了!7. It was because I could speak English that I got the job.正是因為我會講英語我才得到了這份工作。這是一個強調結構,強調原因狀語從句。強調結構的句式是“It+be+被強調成分+that

27、”。被強調的是簡單句的主語、賓語、賓補或狀語,不能強調謂語、定語或表語。強調對象是人作主語時可用who,作賓語時用whom,其余一律用that。It was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.正是父親昨天晚上在實驗室作實驗。It was at the gate of the school I met Tom. 正是在校門口我見到湯姆。It was last week that l attended an art exhibition for the first time.是上周我才第一次參觀一個

28、藝術展覽。It was not until he broke my favorite vase that l flew into rages.我是在他打碎了我的花瓶時才生氣的。It was because he was ill that he didn't come to the school yesterday.正是因為他病了昨天才沒來上學。【詞語辨析】1. hear,hear of與hear from(1)hear為及物動詞,意為“聽見,聽到”,后可跟復合賓語,hear sb do sth表示“聽見某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“聽見某人正做某事”。We l

29、istened but could hear nothing. 我們留心聽,卻什么也沒有聽見。I heard her singing in her room. 我聽見她正在房間里唱歌。(2)hear還可作“聽說”講,后常跟that引導的賓語從句。I heard that he was ill. 我聽說他病了。I heard that its a good film. 我聽說那是部好影片。(3)hear of意為“聽說”,后跟人或物作賓語。Ive never heard of that place. 我從未聽說過那個地方。Have you ever heard of that story? 你聽

30、說過那個故事嗎?(4)hear from意為“收到某人的來信”,后跟人作賓語。How often do you hear from your sister? 你多長時間收到你姐姐的一次信?I heard from him last week. 我上周收到他的信。2. find,find out與look for都含有“尋找,找到”的意思,但其含義和用法卻不同。(1)find意為“找到,發現”,通常指找到或發現具體的東西,也可指偶然發現某物或某種情況,強調的是找的結果。Will you find me a pen? 你替我找支鋼筆好嗎?He didnt find his bike. 他沒找到他的

31、自行車。(2)look for意為“尋找”,是有目的地找,強調“尋找”這一動作。I dont find my pen;Im looking for it everywhere.我沒有找到我的鋼筆,我正到處找。He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。(3)find out意為“找出,發現,查明”,多指通過調查、詢問、打聽、研究之后“搞清楚,弄明白”,通常含有“經過困難曲折”的含義,指找出較難找到的、無形的、抽象的東西。Please find out when the train leaves. 請查一下火車什么時候離站。Read this passage,and

32、 find out the answer to this question.讀這篇短文,找出這個問題的答案。3. already,still與yet(1)already用于肯定的陳述句,也可用于疑問句,表示期待肯定回答,或表示驚訝。或用于否定句,也帶有否定含義。When I arrived, he was already there. 我到達時,他已在那兒了。Is it six oclock already? 已經到6點鐘了嗎?(2)still通常置于句子中間,意為“仍然,依舊”。例如:She still doesnt understand. 她仍然不明白。(3)still還可作形容詞,意為“

33、靜止”。例如:The soldier stood there still. 那位士兵站在那一動不動。(4)yet與already意思相近,一般用于否定句和疑問句中,常置于主要動詞之前或句末。例如:We have not yet been there. 我們還沒有到過那兒。4. other,others,theother,theothers,another,any other,any others(1)other作形容詞,通常用在單數或復數名詞的前面,意為“別的;其他的;另外的”。I'll come again some other day. 我改日再來。(2)others(=other

34、+復數名詞)泛指“部分”含義,用于已知的一些人或物中,除去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。The students of Class Four are cleaning the classroom. Some are carrying water,others are sweeping the floor.四班的學生們在打掃教室。一些人在打水,另一些人在掃地。(3)the otherthe other表示已知的兩個(或兩部分)人或事物中,特指的“另一個”或“另一些”,其后可跟單數或復數名詞。I have two brothers. One is a doctor,and the other is

35、 a teacher.我有兩個兄弟。一位是醫生,另一位是教師。(4)the others(=theother+復數名詞)指一定范圍內除去一個或一部分后,“余下的人或物的全部”。This composition is better than the others. 這篇作文比其他那些都好。(5)another泛指不定數中(三者或三者以上)的“另一個”。another前面不能用定冠詞the,它作為限定詞(定語)通常與單數名詞連用,但是它后面可以跟few或基數詞的復數名詞。This glass is broken,get me another please. 這只玻璃杯壞了,請給我再拿一個。I

36、9;ll stay here in another few days. 我要在這兒再呆幾天。注意:other和another都可以用來修飾數詞,表示“另外的;附加的”,但是結構不同。other的位置是“數詞+other+復數名詞”,相當于more的用法;而another則是“another+數詞+復數名詞”。今天下午我又寫了兩封信。I wrote another two letters this afternoon.=I wrote two other letters this afternoon.=I wrote two more letters this afternoon.(6)any

37、other表示一個之外的其它任何一個,而不是兩個之中的另一個。(7)any others 表示一些之外的其他一些。【習題檢測】一. 單項選擇1. It _ that he has been ill for a long time.A. seemsB. looksC. looks as ifD. seems as if2. - Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? - I'm afraid _ day is possible.A. either B. neitherC. some D. any3. Rose _ an old friend of _ whe

38、n she was walking along the street.A. met;her B. saw;herC. met;hers D. saw;herself4. - _ have you done with your mobile phone? - I've _ someone to mend it.A. What;asked B. How;toldC. What;hoped D. How;wanted5. The question _ by us soon.A. is going to discussB. will discussC. is going to be discu

39、ssedD. has been discussed6. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set upB. have been set upC. were set upD. set up7. Great changes _ place. Many new schools _.A. have taken,have been openedB. take,are openC. are taken,openD. have been taken,are opened8. Ill go to

40、meet you,if I _ free then.A. will beB. would beC. amD. was9. This shirt is so nice,but it _ too much.A. paysB. costsC. takesD. spends10. Where were you _?A. an hour agoB. before an hourC. at timesD. an hour before11. This pair of trousers is too big. I want _ pair.A. otherB. the otherC. othersD. ano

41、ther二. 閱讀理解Mrs. Black lived in a town. Her husband had a few shops there and they wore nice clothes and ate the best food. She had some servants(傭人) and never did anything at home. In the evening she often watched TV and went to bed late at night. She never took any exercise. And she was getting fat

42、ter and fatter. It worried her and she had to see a doctor one day. The doctor looked her over carefully and said,“I'm sorry,madam. Nobody can help you! I'm sure you'll die in a month!”Hearing this,the woman was very sad. She got home and ate or drank nothing. She cried and cried and cou

43、ldn't sleep at night. Nobody could comfort(安慰) her,and she didn't listen to them and refused to see the other doctors. And a month later she didn't feel well but didn't die. She became angry and went to the doctor's again.“You said I was going to die,didn't you?”said the woma

44、n.“Yes,madam.”answered the doctor.“You were wrong,sir! Look! I'm here again!”“But I cured(治愈) you,”said the doctor. “Aren't you thinner now?”1. Mrs. Black did nothing at home because _.A. she was very busyB. the servants did all for herC. she often felt unwellD. her husband did all instead2.

45、 Which of the following is wrong? Mrs. Black got fatter because _.A. she wore the nice clothesB. she ate the best foodC. she never took any exerciseD. she never did anything at home3. The word “die”in the story means _.A. 渴望B. 被遺忘C. 死D. 殉職4. Mrs. Black was sad because _.A. she was often tiredB. she

46、always wanted to restC. she couldn't be thinnerD. she believed(相信) the doctor5. _,so she was thinner.A. The doctor helped Mrs. BlackB. Mrs. Black thought she shouldn't eat or drink and she did itC. Mrs. Black refused to see the other doctorsD. Nobody could comfort Mrs. Black三. 完形填空There are

47、many words in the English language. You will never 1 the meaning of every word in English. When you read,you will often find many 2 you do not know. You will not have enough time to 3 reading and try to find every new word in a dictionary.Sometimes you can 4 a new word because you know some of the p

48、arts of the new word. For example,if a word ends 5 the letters “er”,that word 6 be the name of a 7 or a thing that does a certain action(某個動作). A writer is a person who writes. 8 it is not9 to know the parts of a new word to understand it,10 it will help you many times.1、A.know B.learn C.find D.look up2、A.books

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