1、Con figure Automatic Post ingsIn this step, you en ter the system setti ngs for Inven tory Man ageme nt and In voice Verificati on tran sacti ons for automatic post ings to G/L accou nts.You can the n check your setti ngs using a simulati on fun cti on.Under Further informationthere is a list of tra

2、nsactions in Materials Management and their definitions.What are automatic post in gs?Posti ngs are made to G/L accou nts automatically in the case of In voice Verificati on and Inven toryMan ageme nt tran sacti ons releva nt to Finan cial and Cost Accou nti ng.Example:Posting lines are created in t

3、he following accounts in the case of a goods issue for a cost center:* Stock accou nt* Con sumpti on accou ntHow does the system find the releva nt acco un ts?When en teri ng the goods moveme nt, the user does not have to en ter a G/L accou nt, since the R/3 System automatically finds the accounts t

4、o which postings are to be made using the following data:* Chart of accou nts of the compa ny codeIf the user enters a company code or a plant when entering a transaction, the R/3 System determines the chart of accou nts which is valid for the compa ny code.You must defi ne the automatic accou nt de

5、term in ati on in dividually for each chart of accou nts.* Valuati on group ing code of the valuati on areaIf the automatic accou nt determ in ati on withi n a chart of accou nts is to run differe ntly for certa in compa ny codes or pla nts (valuati on areas), assig n differe nt valuati on group ing

6、 codes to these valuati on areas.You must defi ne the automatic accou nt determ in ati on in dividually for every valuati on group ing code within a chart of accounts. It applies to all valuation areas which are assigned to this valuation grouping code.If the user enters a company code or a plant wh

7、en entering a transaction, the system determines the valuati on area and the valuati on group ing code.* Tran sacti on/eve nt key (internal process ing key)Posti ng tran sacti ons are predefi ned for those inven tory man ageme nt and in voice verificati on tran sacti ons releva nt to accou nting. Po

8、st ing records, which are gen eralized in the value stri ng, are assig ned to each releva nt moveme nt type in inven tory man ageme nt and each tran sacti on in in voice verificati on. These contain keys for the releva nt post ing tran sacti on (for example, inven tory post ing and con sumpti on pos

9、t ing) in stead of actual G/L accou nt n umbers.You do not have to defi ne these tran sacti on keys, they are determ ined automatically from the tra nsacti on (in voice verificati on) or the moveme nt type (inven tory man ageme nt). All you have to do is assig n the releva nt G/L accou nt to each po

10、sti ng tra nsacti on.« Accou nt group ing (only for offsett ing en tries, con sig nment liabilities, and price differe nces)Since the posti ng tran sacti on "Offsett ing entry for inven tory post in g" is used for differe nt tran sacti ons (for example, goods issue, scrapp ing, physic

11、al inven tory), which are assig ned to differe nt accou nts (for example, con sumpti on accou nt, scrapp ing, expe nse/i ncome from inven tory differe nces), it is n ecessary to divide the posting transaction according to a further key: account grouping code.An accou nt group ing is assig ned to eac

12、h moveme nt type in inven tory man ageme nt which uses the posti ng tran sacti on "Offsetti ng entry for inven tory post in g".Under the posting transaction "Offsetting entry for inventory posting", you must assign G/L accounts for every accou nt group ing, that is, assig n G/L a

13、ccou nts.If you wish to post price differences to different price difference accounts in the case of goods receipts for purchase orders, goods receipts for orders, or other moveme nts, you can defi ne differe nt accou nt group ing codes for the tra nsacti on key.Using the accou nt group ing, you can

14、 also have differe nt accou nts for con sig nment liabilities and pipeli ne liabilities.*Valuati on class of material or (i n case of split valuati on) the valuati on typeThe valuati on class allows you to defi ne automatic accou nt determ in ati on that is depe ndent on the material. for example: y

15、ou post a goods receipt of a raw material to a different stock account than if the goods receipt were for trad ing goods, eve n though the user en ters the same tra nsacti on for both materials.You can achieve this by assigning different valuation classes to the materials and by assigning different

16、G/L accou nts to the posti ng tran sacti on for every valuati on class.If you do not want to differentiate according to valuation classes you do not have to maintain a valuation class for a tran sacti on.Requireme ntsBefore you maintain automatic postings, you must obtain the following information:1

17、. Valuati on level (pla nt or compa ny code)Establish whether the materials are valuated at pla nt or at compa ny code levelWhen valuati on is at pla nt level, the valuati on area corresp onds to a pla nt.When valuati on is at compa ny code level, the valuati on area corresp onds to a compa ny code.

18、Define valuation level2. Chart of accounts and valuation grouping code per valuation areaFind out whether the valuati on group ing code is active.Activate split valuati onIf it is not active, determine the chart of accounts assigned to each valuation area (via the company code).If it is active, dete

19、rmine the chart of accounts and the valuation grouping code assigned to each valuation area.Group valuatio n areasYou must defi ne a separate accou nt determ in ati on process for chart of accou nts and each valuati on group ing code.3. Valuati on class per material typeIf you wish to differe ntiate

20、 the accou nt determ in ati on process for specific tra nsacti ons accord ing to valuati on classes, find out which valuation classes are possible for each material type.Define valuation classes4. Accou nt group ing for offsetti ng en tries to stock accou ntsUn derDefine accou nt group ing for movem

21、e nt types, determ ine for which moveme nt types an accou nt group ingis defined for the transaction/event keys GGB (offsetting entry to stock posting), KON (consignment liabilities) and PRD (price differe nces).Default sett ingsG/L accou nt assig nments for the charts of accou ntsINT and the valuat

22、i on group ing code0001 are SAPsta ndard.Activities1. Create accou nt keys for each chart of accou nts and each valuati on group ing code for the in dividualposti ng tra nsacti ons. To do so, proceed as follows:a) Call up the activityCon figure Automatic Post ingsThe R/3 system first checks whether

23、the valuati on areas are correctly maintain ed. If, for example, a pla nt is not assig ned to a compa ny code, a dialog box and an error message appear.From this box, chooseCon ti nue(n ext en try) to con ti nue the check.Choose Can cel to end the check.The con figurati on menu Automatic post ingsap

24、pears.b) Choose Goto -> Accou nt assig nmentA list of post in g tran sacti ons in Materials Man ageme nt appears. For further details of the in dividualtran sacti ons, seeFurther in formati onThe Accou nt determ in ati onin dicator shows whether automatic accou nt determ in ati on is defi ned for

25、 atran sacti on.c) Choose a post ing tran sacti on.A box appears for the first posting transaction. Here you can enter a chart of accounts.You can en ter the follow ing data for each tra nsacti on:Rules for accou nt n umber assig nmentsWith Goto -> Rules you can enter the factors on which the acc

26、ount number assignments depend:-debit/credit in dicator-gen eral group ing (= accou nt group ing)-valuati on group ing-valuati on classPosting keys for the posting lines Normally you do not have to cha nge the post ing keys. If you wish to use new post ing keys, you have to define them in the Custom

27、izing system of Financial Accounting.* Accou nt n umber assig nmentsYou must assig n G/L accou nts for each tra nsacti on/eve nt key (except KBS). You can assig n these accou nts man ually or copy them from ano ther chart of accou nts viaEdit -> Copy .If you want to differe ntiate post ing tra ns

28、acti ons (e.g. inven tory post in gs) accord ing to valuati on classes, you must make an accou nt assig nment for each valuati on class.Using the post ing tran sacti on "Offsett ing entry for inven tory post in g", you have to make an accou nt assig nment for each accou nt group ingIf the

29、transaction PRD (price differences) is also dependent on the account grouping, you must create three accou nt assig nmen ts:-an accou nt assig nment without accou nt group ing-an accou nt assig nment with accou nt group ing PRF-an accou nt assig nment with accou nt group ing PRAIf the transaction KO

30、N (consignment and pipeline liabilities) is also dependent on the account grouping, you must create two accou nt assig nmen ts:-an accou nt assig nment without accou nt group ing (con sig nment)-an accou nt assig nment with accou nt group ing (pipeli ne)d) Save your sett in gs.2. Then check your set

31、t ings with the simulati on fun cti on.With the simulation function, you can simulate the following:* Inven tory Man ageme nt tran sacti ons* In voice Verificati on tran sacti onsWhen you enter a material or valuation class, the R/3 system determines the G/L accounts which are assigned to the corres

32、ponding posting transactions. Depending on the configuration, the SAP system checks whether the G/L accou nt existsIn the simulatio n you can compare the field selecti on of the moveme nt type with that of the in dividual accou nts and make any correcti ons.If you want to print the simulation, choos

33、eSimulation-> Report .To carry out the simulation, proceed as follows:a) Choose Sett ings to check the simulati on defaults for-the applicati on area (In voice Verificati on or Inven tory Man ageme nt)-the in put mode (material or valuati on class)-accou nt assig nmentIn structi onsb) Choose Goto

34、 -> Simulati onThe scree n for en teri ng simulati on data appears.c) Depe nding on the valuati on level, en ter a pla nt or a compa ny code on the scree n.d) When you simulate Inven tory Man ageme nt tran sacti ons, goods moveme nts are simulated. The R/3 system suggests the first movement type

35、for simulation. If several movements are possible with this moveme nt type, you can select a line.When you simulate In voice Verificati on tran sacti ons, a list appears on the scree n of the possible tran sacti on types. Select a line.e) Then choose Goto -> Accou nt assig nmentsA list appears of

36、 the posting lines which can be created by the selected transaction. For each posting line, the G/L account for the debit posting as well as the G/L account for the credit posting are displayed.f) From this scree n, choose Goto -> Moveme nt+to get a list of the posti ng lines for the n ext moveme

37、 nt typeor tran sacti on type.If you work with valuati on classes, choose Goto -> Valuati on class+ to receive the simulati on for the n ext valuati on class. This fun cti on is not possible whe n simulat ing with material n umbers.Choose Goto -> Check screen layout to compare the movement typ

38、e with the G/L accounts determined by the system and make any n ecessary correcti ons.NoteThe simulati on fun cti on does NOT obviate the n eed for a trial post ing!Further NotesThe followi ng list shows the in dividual tra nsacti ons with examples of how they are used:AG1 - No docume ntati on curre

39、 ntly available.AG2 - No docume ntati on curre ntly available.AG3 - No docume ntati on curre ntly available.* Expe nse/reve nue from con sumpti on of con sig nment material (AKO)This tra nsacti on is used in Inven tory Man ageme nt in the case of withdrawals from con sig nment stock or whe n con sig

40、 nment stock is tra nsferred to own stock if the material is subject to sta ndard price con trol and the con sig nment price differs from the sta ndard price.+Expe nditure/in come from tra nsfer post ing (AUM)This transaction is used for transfer postings from one material to another if the complete

41、 value of the issuing material cannot be posted to the value of the receiving material. This applies both to materials with standard price control and to materials with moving average price control. Price differences can arise for materials with moving average price if stock levels are negative and

42、the stock value becomes unrealistic as a result of the posti ng. Tran sacti on AUM can be used irrespective of whether the tran sfer post ing in volves a tran sfer between plants. The expenditure/income is added to the receiving material.* Provisi ons for subseque nt (e nd-of-period rebate) settleme

43、 nt (BO1)If you use the "subsequent settlement" function with regard to conditions (e.g. for period-end volume-based rebates), provisi ons for accrued in come are set up whe n goods receipts are recorded aga inst purchase orders if this is defined for the condition type.* In come from subs

44、eque nt settleme nt (BO2)The rebate in come gen erated in the course of "subseque nt settleme nt" (en d-of-period rebate settleme nt) is posted via this tran sacti on.«In come from subseque nt settleme nt after actual settleme nt (BO3)If a goods receipt occurs after settlement account

45、ing has been effected for a rebate arrangement, no further provisi ons for accrued rebate in come can be man aged by the "subseque nt settleme nt" facility. No post ings should be made to the accou nt n ormally used for such provisi ons. As an alter native, you can use this tran sacti on t

46、o post provisi ons for accrued rebate in come to a separate accou nt in cases such as the one described.« Suppleme ntary en try for stock (BSD)This account is posted when closing entries are made for a cumulation run. This account is a supplementary accou nt to the stock accou nt; that is, the

47、stock accou nt is added to it to determ ine the stock value that was calculated via the cumulation. In the process, the various valuation areas (for example, commercial, tax), that are used in the bala nee sheet are taxed separately.«Cha nge in stock (BSV)Changes in stocks are posted in Invento

48、ry Management at the time goods receipts are recorded or subseque nt adjustme nts made with regard to subc on tract orders.If the account assigned here is defined as a cost element, you must specify a preliminary account assig nment for the accou nt in the table of automatic accou nt assig nment spe

49、cificati on (Customiz ing for Con trolli ng) in order to be able to post goods receipts aga inst subc on tract orders. In the sta ndard system, cost cen ter SC-1 is defi ned for this purpose.* Stock post ing (BSX)This tra nsacti on is used for all post ings to stock accou nts. Such posti ngs are eff

50、ected, for example:* In inven tory man ageme nt in the case of goods receipts to own stock and goods issues fromown stock(自有庫存的收發(fā)貨相關(guān)Posting )（發(fā)票檢（移* In in voice verificati on, if price differe nces occur in conn ecti on with incoming in voices for materials valuated at moving average price and there

51、 is adequate stock coverage驗的差異Posting)* In order settlement, if the order is assigned to a material with moving average price and theactual costs at the time of settlement vary from the actual costs at the time of goods receipt 動平均價格對應(yīng)的訂單結(jié)算Posting)Because this tran sacti on is depe ndent on the val

52、uati on class, it is possible to man age materials with differe nt valuati on classes in separate stock accou nts.(因為BSX獨立于評估類Valuation class> ，所以它可以管理到各種庫存的不同評估類型)1A CautionTake care to en sure that:* A stock accou nt is not used for any tran sacti on other tha n BSXPosti ngs are not made to the

53、 accou nt man ually« The accou nt is not cha nged in the productive system before all stock has bee n booked out of itOtherwise differe nces would arise betwee n the total stock value of the material master records and the bala nee on the stock accou nt.«Revaluati on of "other" c

54、on sumpti ons (COC)This tra nsactio n/eve nt key is only releva nt to Brazil. It is used if a revaluati on report is used for compa nycodes in Brazil.The revaluation report uses the actual prices determined by the material ledger/actual costing to:« Revaluate costs on the basis of actual prices

55、« Post the price differences arising from "other" consumptions (e.g. consumption to cost center)to a collective accou ntThis transaction/event key is needed to post the price differences. The account specified here is posted with the price differe nces for "other" con sumpti

56、 ons.No docume ntati on curre ntly available.* Small differe nces. Materials Man ageme nt (DIF)This tra nsacti on is used in In voice Verificati on if you defi ne a tolera nce for minor differe nces and the bala nceof an in voice does not exceed the tolera nce.( DIF存放發(fā)票校驗時容差范圍內(nèi)的差異)* Purchase accou n

57、t(EIN), purchase offsett ing accou nt (EKG), freight purchase accou nt (FRE)These tra nsacti ons are used only ifPurchase Accou nt Man ageme ntis active in the compa ny code.NoteDue to special legal requireme nts, this fun cti on was developed specially for certa in cou ntries (Belgium,Spain, Portug

58、al, France, Italy, and Finland).Before you use this fun cti on, check whether you n eed to use it in your cou ntry.* Freight clearing (FR1), provision for freight charges (FR2), customs duty clearing (FR3),provisi on for customs duty (FR4)These tra nsacti ons are used to post delivery costs (in cide

59、 ntal procureme nt costs) in the case of goodsreceipts aga inst purchase orders and incoming in voices. Which tran sacti on is used for which delivery costs depends on the condition types defined in the purchase order.You can also en ter your own tra nsacti ons for delivery costs in con diti on types.* Exter nal service (FRL)The tran sacti on is used for goo