1、Chapter 4Designing the Distribution Network in a Supply ChainTrue/False1. Distribution occurs between every pair of stages in the supply chain.分銷發生在供應鏈中的每兩個環節。 T2. Distribution only occurs between manufacturing and consumers in the supply chain.分銷只發生在供應鏈的制造商和顧客之間。 F3. Companies in the same industry

2、often select very different distribution networks, because the choice of the distribution network can be used to achieve a variety of supply chain objectives ranging from low cost to high responsiveness.同一行業中不同的公司經常選擇不同的分銷網絡，因為分銷網絡的選擇可以達成不同的供應鏈目標，從低成本到高響應性。 T4. Companies in the same industry should

3、always select similar distribution networks, because their objectives will be similar.同一行業中不同的公司應該選擇相同的分銷網絡，因為他們的目標是相同。F5. A customer always wants the highest level of performance along all dimensions of customer service, including response time, product variety, product availability, customer exper

4、ience, order visibility, and returnability.顧客總是想要在各個方面高水平的客戶服務，包括響應時間，產品多樣性，產品可獲性，顧客體驗，訂單可視性和課退貨性。 T6. A customer does not necessarily want the highest level of performance along all dimensions of customer service, including response time, product variety, product availability, customer experience,

5、order visibility, and returnability.顧客不是很想要在各個方面的高水平的客戶服務，包括響應時間，產品多樣性，產品可獲性，顧客體驗，訂單可視性和課退貨性。 F7. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend to be lower than inbound costs, because inbound lot sizes are typically larger.單位外向運輸成本會低于內向運輸成本，因為內向運輸的批量較大。 F8. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend

6、to be higher than inbound costs, because inbound lot sizes are typically larger.單位外向運輸成本會高于內向運輸成本，因為內向運輸的批量較大。 T9. Transportation costs are high with drop-shipping because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is large and package carriers are used to shipping the product.直送模式下運輸成本高，因為到最

7、終消費者的平均外向運輸距離長同時采用包裹承運商送貨。 T10. Transportation costs are low with drop-shipping because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is small.直送模式下運輸成本低，因為平均外向距離到最終消費者的距離短。 F11. The main advantage of in-transit merge over drop-shipping is the somewhat lower transportation cost and improved cust

8、omer experience.與直送相比，在途并貨模式的主要優點是運輸成本低和顧客體驗得到改善。T12. The main advantage of a distribution network with local storage is that it can lower the delivery cost and provide a faster response than other networks. 當地存貨的分銷網絡模式主要優勢是它能降低交付成本，比其他網絡提供更快的響應T13. The main advantage of a distribution network with

9、local storage is that it can lower the inventory and facility costs. 當地存貨的分銷網絡模式主要優勢是它能降低庫存和設施成本 F14. The major disadvantage of a distribution network with local storage is the increased delivery cost.當地存貨的分銷網絡模式主要劣勢是交付成本增加 F15. The major disadvantage of a distribution network with local storage is

10、the increased inventory and facility costs.當地存貨的分銷網絡模式主要的劣勢是增加了庫存和設施成本 T16. A distribution network designer needs to consider product characteristics as well as network requirements when deciding on the appropriate delivery network.一個分銷網絡設計者在設計適當的交付網絡時應當考慮產品的特征以及網絡的需求。 T17. Only niche companies will

11、 end up using a single distribution network.只有一些特定的公司會最終采用單一的分銷網絡。 T18. Most companies are best served by a single distribution network.大部分的公司最好采用單一的分銷網絡。 F19. Distributors add value to a supply chain between a supply stage and a customer stage if there are many small players at the customer stage,

12、each requiring a small amount of the product at a time.分銷商給供應鏈的供應商環節和顧客環節之間增加價值，假如在顧客環節有許多規模小的參與者，每個一次需要小量的產品。 TMultiple ChoiceC1. The steps taken to move and store a product from the supplier stage to a customer stage in the supply chain is referred to as在供應鏈中一個產品從供應商環節轉移或存儲到顧客環節的步驟被稱為是a. transport

13、ation.運輸b. retailing.零售c. wholesaling.批發d. distribution.分銷e. manufacturing.制造b2. Distribution is a key driver of the overall profitability of a firm because分銷是一家公司整體盈利性的關鍵因素因為a. the addition of distributors only adds cost to the supply chain.分銷商的加入增加了供應鏈的成本b. it directly impacts both the supply chai

14、n cost and the customer experience.它即直接影響供應鏈成本也直接影響顧客體驗。c. it slows down the responsiveness of the supply chain.它降低了供應鏈的響應性d. it cannot be developed as a part of supply chain strategy.它不能被發展為供應鏈戰略的一部分e. Distribution is not a key driver of profitability.分銷不是盈利性的關鍵因素e3. The choice of the distribution

15、network can be used to achieve supply chain objectives such as分銷網絡的選擇是為了達到如下的供應鏈目標a. low cost.低成本b. high responsiveness.高響應性c. high cost.高成本d. high responsibility.高責任心e. a and b only只有 a和bC4. Companies in the same industry often select very different distribution networks because 同一行業中不同的公司經常選擇不同的分銷

16、網絡是因為a. some companies are poorly run.一些公司經營不善b. different companies try to avoid using the same approach.不同的公司試著避免使用相同的方法c. different companies have different objectives for their supply chain.不同的公司對供應鏈有不同的目標d. all of the above上述都是e. none of the above上述都不是e5. A poor/inappropriate distribution netwo

17、rk can 一個差的或不合適的分銷網絡會a. lead to high profitability.導致高的盈利性b. hurt the level of service customers receive while increasing cost.增加成本同時降低客戶服務水平c. have a significant negative impact on the profitability of a firm.對公司盈利性造成很大的負面影響d. all of the above 上述都是e. b and c only只有b和ca6. Which of the following woul

18、d not be the result of a poor/inappropriate distribution network?下列哪個不是一個差的或不合適的分銷網絡造成的后果a. High profitability高的盈利性b. Low level of customer service低的客戶服務水平c. High cost高的成本d. Poor profitability低的盈利性e. None of the above are true.上述都不對e7. On which dimensions should the performance of a distribution net

19、work be evaluated at the highest level? 在最高層面上，分銷網絡的績效從哪個方面來評估a. Profitability of individual supply chain components供應鏈各個組成部分的盈利性b. Efficiency of overall supply chain network整個供應鏈的效率c. Customer needs that are met被滿足的顧客需求d. Cost of meeting customer needs滿足顧客需求的成本e. c and d only僅僅是c和de8. Which of the

20、following are measures of customer service that are influenced by the structure of the distribution network?受分銷網絡結構影響的客戶服務指標有哪些a. Response time響應時間b. Product variety產品多樣性c. Product availability產品可獲性d. Customer experience顧客體驗ee. all of the above上述都是9. Which of the following are measures of customer s

21、ervice that are influenced by the structure of the distribution network? 受分銷網絡結構影響的客戶服務指標有哪些a. Returnability 可退貨性b. Order visibility訂單可視性c. Customer experience顧客體驗d. Product availability產品可獲性e. all of the above 上述都是C10. Which of the following is not a measure of customer service that is influenced b

22、y the structure of the distribution network? 受分銷網絡結構影響的客戶服務指標下列哪些不是a. Returnability可退貨性b. Customer experience顧客體驗c. Customer maturity顧客成熟性d. Product availability產品可獲性e. All of the above are measures of customer service.上述都是客戶服務的指標a11. The time between when a customer places an order and receives del

23、ivery is當一個顧客下訂單和收到貨之間所需的時間是a. response time.響應時間b. product variety.產品多樣性c. product availability.產品可獲性d. customer experience.顧客體驗e. order visibility.訂單可視性b12. The number of different products/configurations that a customer desires from the distribution network is顧客想從分銷網絡中得到的不同產品或配置數目a. response time

24、. 響應時間b. product variety. 產品多樣性c. product availability. 產品可獲性d. customer experience. 顧客體驗e. order visibility. 訂單可視性c13. The probability of having a product in stock when a customer order arrives is當顧客訂單到達時，產品有現貨的概率是a. response time. 響應時間b. product variety. 產品多樣性c. product availability. 產品可獲性d. custo

25、mer experience. 顧客體驗e. order visibility. 訂單可視性a14. The ease with which the customer can place and receive their order as well as other aspects of value that the sales staff provides is顧客下達和接收訂單的舒適程度以及其他方面的價值像是銷售人員提供的a. customer experience. 顧客體驗b. order visibility. 訂單可視性c. product availability. 產品可獲性

26、d. response time. 響應時間e. returnability. 可退貨性b15. The ability of the customer to track their order from placement to delivery is顧客從下訂單到交付跟蹤他們訂單的能力是a. customer experience. 顧客體驗b. order visibility. 訂單可視性c. product availability. 產品可獲性d. response time. 響應時間e. returnability. 可退貨性e16. The ease with which a

27、 customer can return unsatisfactory merchandise and the ability of the network to handle such returns is顧客退回不滿意商品的難易程度和網絡處理這種退貨的能力是a. customer experience. 顧客體驗b. order visibility. 訂單可視性c. product availability. 產品可獲性d. response time. 響應時間e. returnability. 可退貨性 d17. The costs incurred in bringing mate

28、rial into a facility are將物料送入一個設施所發生的成本是a. sourcing transportation costs.采購運輸成本b. outbound transportation costs.外向運輸成本c. crossbound transportation costs.交叉運輸成本d. inbound transportation costs.內向運輸成本e. none of the above上述都不是b18. The costs incurred in sending material out of a facility are將物料從一個設施發出所發生

29、的成本a. sourcing transportation costs. 采購運輸成本b. outbound transportation costs. 外向運輸成本c. crossbound transportation costs. 交叉運輸成本d. inbound transportation costs. 內向運輸成本e. none of the above上述都不是b19. Outbound transportation costs per unit tend to be單位外向運輸成本趨向于a. about the same as inbound costs.和內向運輸成本一樣b.

30、 higher than inbound costs.比內向運輸成本高c. lower than inbound costs.比內向運輸成本低d. neither higher or lower than inbound costs.即不比內向運輸成本高也不比內向運輸低e. none of the above上述都不是a20. As the number of facilities in a supply chain increases隨著供應鏈中設施數目的增加a. the inventory and resulting inventory costs also increase.庫存和庫存成

31、本增加b. the inventory and resulting inventory costs decrease. 庫存和庫存成本減少c. the inventory increases and resulting inventory costs decrease.庫存增加，庫存成本增加d. the inventory decreases and resulting inventory costs increase.庫存減少，庫存成本增加e. the inventory and resulting inventory costs remain the same.庫存和庫存成本保持不變c21

32、. As the response time desired by the customer decreases, the required number of facilities in the distribution network想要縮短對顧客的響應時間，在分銷網絡中設施的需要量a. decreases. 降低b. remains the same.保持原樣c. increases.增加d. increases and then decreases.增加然后降低e. none of the above上述都不是e22. As the number of facilities in a

33、supply chain increases, total transportation cost當供應鏈中設施數目增加，總的運輸成本a. decreases. 降低b. remains the same.保持原樣c. increases.增加d. increases to a point and then decreases.增加一點然后降低e. decreases to a point and then increases.降低一點然后增加c23. As the number of facilities in a supply chain increases, total facility

34、 costs當供應鏈中設施數目增加，總的設施成本a. decrease. 降低b. remain the same. 保持原樣c. increase. 增加d. increase to a point and then decrease. 增加一點然后降低e. decrease to a point and then increase. 降低一點然后增加d24. Total logistics costs for a supply chain network are a sum of 一個供應鏈網絡的總物流成本是什么的總和a. inventory and facility costs.庫存和設

35、施成本b. inventory, facility, and distributor costs.庫存，設施，分銷成本c. facility, transportation, and distributor costs.設施，運輸和分銷成本d. inventory, transportation, and facility costs.庫存，運輸和設施成本be. none of the above上述都不是25. As the number of facilities in a supply chain network increases, total logistics costs will

36、 當供應鏈中設施數目增加，總的物流成本會a. decrease.降低b. decrease at first and then increase.先降低在增加c. increase.增加d. increase at first and then decrease.先增加在降低e. neither increase or decrease.既不增加也不降低e26. Which of the following are key decisions in the design of a distribution network?下列哪個是設計分銷網絡的關鍵性的決策a. Will product be

37、 delivered to the customer location or picked up from a pre-ordained site?產品是交付到客戶所在地還是由預定的一方來提取？b. Will product flow through a production facility?產品需要流經產品設施嗎？c. Will product flow through an intermediary (or intermediate location)?產品需要流經一個中介（或中間場所嗎）？d. all of the above上述都是e. a and c only僅僅是a和cb27.

38、Which of the following is not a distinct distribution network design that may be used to move products from factory to customer?下列哪個不是不同分銷網絡設計中實現產品從工廠到顧客的移動a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存貨加直送b. Manufacturer storage with distributor pickup制造商存貨加分銷商自提c. Distributor storage with packag

39、e carrier delivery分銷商存貨加包裹承運商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分銷商存貨加到戶交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分銷商存貨加顧客自提d28. Which of the following is not a distinct distribution network design that may be used to move products from factory to customer? 下列哪個不是不同分

40、銷網絡設計中實現產品從工廠到顧客的移動a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存貨加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge 制造商存貨加直送和在途并存c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分銷商存貨加包裹承運商交付d. Distributor storage with manufacturer pickup分銷商存貨加制造商自提e. Retail storage with cust

41、omer pickup零售商存貨加顧客自提a29. In which distribution network design is product shipped directly from the manufacturer to the end customer, bypassing the retailer (who takes the order and initiates the delivery request)?下列哪種分銷網絡設計是產品直接從工廠送到最終顧客，繞過零售商（接收訂單和啟動交付的請求）a. Manufacturer storage with direct shippi

42、ng制造商存貨加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存貨加直送和在途并存c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分銷商存貨加包裹承運商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分銷商存貨加到戶交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分銷商存貨加顧客自提b30. Which distributi

43、on network is also referred to as drop-shipping with product delivered directly from the manufacturer to the customer location?下列哪種分銷網絡模式同樣提到產品直接從工廠送到顧客所在地a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存貨加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存貨加直送和在途并存c. Distributor

44、storage with package carrier delivery分銷商存貨加包裹承運商交付d. Distributor storage with last mile delivery分銷商存貨加到戶交付e. Manufacturer/distributor storage with customer pickup制造商或分銷商存貨加顧客自提e31. Advantages of manufacturer storage with direct shipping include制造商存貨加直送的優勢包括a. the ability to reduce cost of inventory

45、by centralizing inventories at the manufacturer.降低了庫存成本通過庫存集中在制造商那b. offering the manufacturer the opportunity to postpone customization until after the customer order has been placed.給制造商提供了延遲顧客化的機會直到顧客真正下訂單。c. supply chains save on the fixed cost of facilities, because the need for other warehousi

46、ng space in the supply chain has been eliminated.供應鏈節省設施的固定成本，因為消除了在供應鏈中對其他倉儲空間的需求。d. providing a good customer experience in the form of delivery to the customer location.提供了一個好的到家交付方面的客戶體驗e. all of the above上述都是b32. Which of the following is an advantage of manufacturer storage with direct shippin

47、g?下列哪個是采用制造商存貨加直送的優勢a. Transportation costs are low because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is small and package carriers are used to shipping the product. 運輸成本低因為到最終消費者的平均外向運輸距離縮短同時采用包裹承運人方式送貨。b. Supply chains save on the fixed cost of facilities, because the need for other wareho

48、using space in the supply chain has been eliminated. 供應鏈節省設施的固定成本，因為消除了在供應鏈中對其他倉儲空間的需求。c. Response times tend to be small because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer.響應時間縮短因為訂單從零售商傳送到制造商。d. Order tracking is easy to implement because of the complete integration of i

49、nformation systems at both the retailer and the manufacturer.訂單跟蹤變得容易因為信息系統完全的整合在零售商和制造商之間。ee. The handling of returns is likely to be simple and inexpensive, improving customer satisfaction.處理退貨變得簡單和便宜，改善了客戶滿意度。33. Disadvantages of manufacturer storage with direct shipping include 制造商存貨加直送的劣勢包括a. T

50、ransportation costs are high because the average outbound distance to the end consumer is large and package carriers are used to shipping the product. 運輸成本高因為到最終消費者的平均外向運輸距離加長同時采用包裹承運人方式送貨b. Response times tend to be large because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer

51、 and shipping distances are on average longer from the manufacturers centralized site. 響應時間長因為訂單從零售商傳送到制造商，發運的距離平均較長從制造商集中化的倉庫里。c. Order tracking becomes harder to implement because it requires complete integration of information systems at both the retailer and the manufacturer. 訂單跟蹤變得困難因為這要求信息系統完全

52、的整合在零售商和制造商之間。d. The handling of returns is likely to be difficult and more expensive, hurting customer satisfaction. 處理退貨變得困難和昂貴，傷害了客戶滿意度。e. all of the above上述都是d34. Which of the following would be a disadvantage of manufacturer storage with direct shipping?下列哪個是制造商存貨加直送的劣勢a. The ability to reduce

53、cost of inventory by centralizing inventories at the manufacturer. 降低了庫存成本通過庫存集中在制造商那b. The manufacturer has to postpone customization until after the customer order has been placed. 給制造商提供了延遲顧客化的機會直到顧客真正下訂單。c. Supply chains have to eliminate other warehousing space to save on the fixed cost of faci

54、lities. 供應鏈節省設施的固定成本，消除了在供應鏈中對其他倉儲空間的需求。d. Response times tend to be large because the order has to be transmitted from the retailer to the manufacturer and shipping distances are on average longer from the manufacturers centralized site. 響應時間長因為訂單從零售商傳送到制造商，發運的距離平均較長從制造商集中化的倉庫里。e. Provides a good c

55、ustomer experience when a single order containing products from several manufacturers is delivered in partial shipments. 提供了一個好的客戶體驗當一個訂單包含多家制造商且分批發貨b35. Which distribution network design is similar to pure drop-shipping, except that pieces of the order coming from different locations are combined s

56、o that the customer gets a single delivery?下列哪種網絡設計與直送相似，除了將不同地點的訂單組合起來，使顧客只需接收一次交付a. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping制造商存貨加直送b. Manufacturer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge制造商存貨加直送和在途并貨c. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery分銷商存貨加包裹承運人交付d. Distributor storage with manufactu