1、2012屆高考英語分類題庫、解析第26集：完形填空命題點5 說明文02 新高考命題探究CIoze 1 Millions of people in Britain struggle out of bed each morning, fumble(亂摸)into some clothes, and made their way to a cup of coffee and the morning newspaper. They need something 1 to nanind them that the rest of the day will be 2 different than gett

2、ing up. This need may be the 3 that many of them turn their 4 eyes to the cartoons section of the newspaper as they sip(呷)their first cups of the day. Cartoons reflect (反映) the times and the troubles and worries of people. They give people an opportunity(機會) to 5 themselves and at familiar situation

3、s. In times of prosperity (繁榮), for example, cartoons show people 6 the good economic(經濟上的)situation. They also make fun of the 7 that people make for themselves like making a problem out of which type of car to buy. In 8 times of economic troubles people want someone or something to_9_their trouble

4、s on. Cartoons provide scapegoats (替身). They also help people to see the 10 in a not-so-funny situation. 11 , a cartoon might say that the government of a country is responsible for the bad economy and 12 show the government leaders as a group of ridiculous(可笑的) people. Being able to use the leaders

5、 as scapegoats and to laugh at the leaders somehow make people feel 13 about their situation. Cartoons also make people laugh at their own personal 14 . Young people who are not always 15 of how to act can smile at their awkwardness(尷尬). Cid people whose 16 children pay little attention to them can

6、chuckle(暗笑) at their neglect (疏忽)and loneliness. Students who have studied too 17 before an examination can laugh at their worries. Anyone's problems are made bigger than life in the cartoons. Perhaps the problems 18 funny because there is humor in something that is real being made unreal.A cart

7、oon combines(結合)art and humor. When it is skillfully 19 , a simple line drawing and a few words can make people laugh. Their trouble seem less 20 and they enjoy life more fully. 1. A. cheerful B. dull C. pretty D. different 答案: A 指導：英國人想在平淡的日子中找點樂趣，故用cheerful。different與后面重復；dull與題意產生矛盾；pretty般修飾人。2.

8、 A. most B. already C. nearly D. less 答案: D 指導：lessdifferent用于說明英國人日子的平淡。由后面的than可排除其他選項。3. A. way B. reason C. fun D. doubt 答案: B 指導：前面所提到的需求就是英國人如此偏愛卡通的“原因”。從因果關系人手可排除其他選項。4. A. sharp C. half-open C. near-sighted D. bright 答案: B 指導：前文提到英國人早晨剛剛起床就上看卡通。從“剛剛起床”這一語境可排除其他選項。5. A. laugh at B. play ticks

9、 on C. encourage D. worry 答案: A 指導：此處表示英國人借卡通來“自嘲”。playtrickson意為“捉弄”，英國人不可能捉弄自己，故不用B，其他不合題意。6. A. praising B. enjoying C. making D. improving 答案: B 指導：經濟狀況好的時候，卡通也反映了英國人“享受”生活的情景。C、D兩項與前面“經濟繁榮”在語意上矛盾；“贊揚”太片面。7. A. families B. names C. questions D. problems 答案: D 指導：此處還是表示英國人喜歡“自嘲”，嘲笑自己制造的問題。questio

10、ns為“疑問”，不是實際要解決的問題；其他不合題意。8. A. happy B. good C. hard D. modern 答案: C 指導：后面有timesof economic troubles作為信息提示，因此用“艱難時期”。由信息提示可排除其他選項。9. A. blame B. share C. place D. burden 答案: A 指導：后面有英國人“找替罪羊”的信息提示，因此此處是找“責備、發泄”的對象。由信息提示可排除其他選項。10.A. pleasure B. humour C. hope D. chance 答案: B 指導：卡通的作用就是在枯燥的環境中為人們提供樂

11、趣，令人發笑。從后面的“不太滑稽”這一信息提示，可捧除其他選項。11.A. As a result B. For example C. What's more D. On the other hand 答案: B 指導：下文是舉例說明英國人從卡通中“找樂”的情況。12.A. too B. only C. also D. either 答案: C 指導：and說明前后文是并列關系。either一般用于否定句；too用在此處位置不對。13.A. better B. worse C. dearer D. mom puzzled 答案: A 指導：英國人通過嘲笑政府官員在經濟不景氣的環境中找點

12、好心情。從前面“嘲笑官員”可知，英國人是為了發泄白己的不滿，使自己心情好一點。14.A. success B. happiness C. failure D. worries 答案: D 指導：后文所述皆是生活中的“煩惱”。15.A. sure B. proud C. fond D. hopeful 答案: A 指導：由后面“尷尬”可知，這些年輕人對自己缺乏自信。16.A. cruel B. grown C. bad D. useless 答案: B 指導：由后面老年人孤獨、被忽略可知，孩子已長大成人。17.A. much B. hard C. late D. little 答案: D 指導：

13、由后面“擔心”可知，這些學生考試之前沒有下工夫。18.A. seem B. appear C. feel D. look 答案: A 指導：此處表示通過夸張使“問題”顯得好笑。seem和appear都表示“顯得”，但seem往往表示有根據的判斷，而appear含有“表面上看是一回事，而實際并非如此”之意。C19.A. taken B. asked C. brought D. done 答案: D 指導：done此處相當于drawn，表示卡通如果畫得好。20.A. necessary B. important C. comfortable D. expensive 答案: B 指導：有了卡通帶來

14、的幽默，人們可暫時忘掉生活中的煩惱、難題。Cioze 2 The benefits of puppy love "Have a talk with your dog and call me in the morning." That's 1 doctors might say after reading the studies that have been done about people and their 2 The studies are showing that pets are good for your health. It doesn't s

15、eem to 3 whether your pet is a dog or a lizard (蜥蜴) or a gold- fish. Pets may do 4 for you than you will ever do for them. 5 you have had a long and tiring day, and feel a little anxious. The best way to 6 may be to chat with your cat or hug (擁抱) your dog. 7 of people and pets was done at the Univer

16、sity of Pennsylvania. This 8 was discovered: the blood pressures of some people who were studied stayed the same or 9 when they spoke to animals. 10 blood pressure is important to good health. And, doctors say, blood pressure often goes up when people talk to 11 ! Animals also seem to help people wh

17、o are sick or lonely. People in nursing homes showed great 12 when pets were brought to them. They liked to 13 the animals and talk to them. And they liked to talk to one another about the animals. One man had 14 a stroke (中風) and had not spoken for a long time. A puppy (小狗)was placed in his wheelch

18、air. Suddenly the man was laughing softly. "Puppy,' he whispered. 15 at a mental hospital were given small animals, such as white mice, birds. Caring for the pets gave these patients a reason to talk and work together. Many became 16 and more helpful In France, people found that pets helped

19、 children who 17 not talk to other people. The children first touched and played with pets, then began speaking with adults (成年人). Do animals have magic(有魔力的) 18 to help people? Scientists think the magic is simply love and trust. Pets are likely to 19 people and show them affection (感情) . They give

20、 people something to 20 about. They make people feel wanted and needed.The studies seem to show that animals are "good medicine". Maybe the animals have known that all along. 1. A. what B. when C. why D. how 答案: A 指導：what引導表語從句，本身作賓語。其他選項也可以引導賓語從句，但不是作者要表達的問題。2. A. dogs B. friends C. hobbi

21、es D. pets 答案: D 指導：從下文看，研究的是人跟寵物之間的關系。其他選項都偏離了文章的中心。3. A. mind B. care C. matter D. show 答案: C 指導：此處表示養什么寵物沒有關系。mind"介意”，care“關心、在乎”都不合題意，而且作主語的都是人。4. A. less B. better C. more D. worse 答案: C 指導：本文介紹的是養寵物的好處，因此選more。不能說寵物做的“更好”。其他不合題意。5. A. Imagine B. Suppose C. Remember D. Think 答案: B 指導：此處是“

22、假設”某種情況?！跋胂瘛?、“思考”不合邏輯。6. A. calm down B. slow down C. relax D. ease 答案: C 指導：從前面人們勞累了一天以及后面“跟寵物聊天及擁抱寵物”判斷，這兒指人們“放松”的方式。calmdown"鎮靜下來”；slowdown'"放慢速度”；ease"變得容易”都不合題意。7. A. Study B. Relation C. Friendship D. Search 答案: A 指導：前面已經有信息提示，因此此處還是指對人類跟寵物之間的關系的研究。8. A. news B. rule C. fact

23、 D. theory 答案: C 指導：研究所發現的只能是“事實”。“新聞”、“規則”、“理論”都不合題意。9. A. went up B. went down C. changed D. reduced 答案: B 指導：人們跟寵物聊天，心情放松，血壓應是“下降”。A項不合題意；C項“改變”沒有說明是好的方面還是壞的方面；D"減少”不合邏輯。10. A. Average B. Natural C. Ordinary D. Normal 答案: D 指導：“正?！毖獕簩θ说慕】涤泻锰帯verage，natural，ordianary都不能用來修飾血壓。11. A. people B

24、. children C. enemies D. leaders 答案:A 指導：從“血壓升高”這一信息可推斷出此處指人與“人”交談。12. A. surprise B. joy C. courage D. happiness 答案: B 指導：當寵物被帶到養老院時，人們的表現自然是“高興”?！靶腋！闭Z意太強，用在此處不合適。其他不合題意。13. A. touch B. feed C. raise D. love 答案: A 指導：此處表示人們喜歡“愛撫”寵物。14. A. hit B. caught C. suffered D. struck 答案: C 指導：此處是指“中風”的人，“遭受”

25、為最佳答案。catch當“染上”某種疾病講，從后面好長時間不說話可知，此處不表示“剛剛染病”的情況，而是長期患病。hit，strike當自然災害“襲擊”某個地方講。15. A. Workers B. Patients C. Nurses D. Doctors 答案: B 指導：此處指用寵物對“病人”進行治療。16. A. calmer B. wanner C. clever D. worse 答案: A 指導：寵物對病人有安慰作用，因此他們變得“更安靜”了。17. A. should B. could C. would D. might 答案: C 指導：would此處表示“意愿”。此處是指那

26、些性情乖僻，不愿跟人講話的孩子。其他情態動詞無此用法。18. A. strength B. power C. energy D. wonder 答案: B 指導：power當“巨大或神奇的力量”講。strengh“體力”，energy"精力，自然界的能”，wonder"驚奇”都不合語境。19. A. welcome B. greet C. help D. treasure 答案: A 指導：狗會對人表示“歡迎”。greet“問候、打招呼”，treasure"珍惜”不能用來形容狗的行為。20. A. think B. go C. care D. bring 答案:

27、C 指導：狗為人提供了可以“關心”的對象。Cloze 3I would like to share with you a story of the monkey. In Thompson's The Outline of Science there is story about a scien- tist who 1 several chimpanzees and monkeys in order to 2 animal psychology, He took a glass bottle, 3 its cork (瓶塞) and put two peanuts inside the

28、bottle. Needless to say, the peanuts dropped to the bottle and were easily seen from the 4 . He then passed the bottle to a monkey, who shook it 5 for a long while and was 6 able to get the peanuts when they 7 fell out. The scientist then put some peanuts into the bottle again 8 he had done before a

29、nd showed the monkey that it only needed to 9 the bottle upside down for the peanuts to drop out. 10 the monkey always ignored his 11 . Each time it just shook the bottle frantically, wlth great 12 but without necessarily achieving 13 result. Now the question is why the monkey was unable to under st

30、and what the scientist instructs. 14 because all its attea-tion was focused on the peanuts. As it was simple mindedly concentrating on reaching the food, it had no time for understanding 15 learning. To learn, it must take its eyes off the peanuts and shift its attention to the 16 movement of the ma

31、n and the 17 the bottle was turned upside down. To shift its attention, it had to 18 down and not be taken ow by the impulse (誘惑) of its appetite. Yet the monkey was tx able to understand this. It is instances like this 19 revea (提示)the monkey's lack of 20 .1. A. kept B. raised C. fed D. caught

32、答案: A 指導：keep"飼養”，此處指科學家飼養了幾只黑猩猩和猴子，以研究動物心理。本題干擾性最強的是raise，但raise一般當“撫養長大”講，相當于bringup；feed"喂食”，意思不全面。2. A. learn B. know C. study D. find 答案: C 指導：科學家飼養黑猩猩和猴子顯然是研究它們的心理。3. A. moved B. removed C. taken D. loosen 答案: B 指導：科學家要把兩個堅果放到瓶子里面，應首先把瓶塞“除去”?！耙苿印薄八砷_”等都不合邏輯。4. A. inside B. top C. upsi

33、de D. outside 答案: D 指導：因為堅果是在瓶子里面，所以我們從“外面”可以看得到。其他選項不合語境。5. A. happily B. anxiously C. hurriedly D. easily 答案: B 指導：猴子急于想吃到堅果，因此應是“著急地”晃瓶子。 6. A. quite B. only C. of course D. not 答案: B 指導：根據語境分析，只有當堅果出來的時候，猴子才能吃到它們。7. A. suddenly B. accidentally C. occasionally D. quickly 答案: B 指導：由語境判斷，猴子并沒有很好的辦法

34、把堅果取出來，因此在晃動下，堅果只能“碰巧、偶然”掉了出來。oceasionally"偶而”說明的是頻率，都不合邏輯。8. A. as B. that C. what D. until 答案: A 指導：as引導方式狀語從句，當“以的方式”講。其他都不能引導方式狀語從句。9. A. hang B. put C. turn D. hold 答案: C 指導：turn sthupside down是“把倒轉”過來之意。只要把瓶子口朝下，堅果就會被倒出來。10. A. But B. Then C. Therefore D. Thus 答案: A 指導：通過后面猴子忽視指令判斷，此處應是轉折

35、關系。11. A. directions B. explanationsC. performances D. instructions 答案: D 指導：這兒指猴子忽視了教授的“指令、命令”。directions當“產品、藥品”的說明講；“解釋”、“表演”不合語境。12. A. effort B. strength C. power D. force 答案: A 指導：指猴子“非常吃力地”搖晃瓶子。with great effort意為“非常賣力地”。此處猴子搖晃瓶子，不僅是用“體力”，也不是用“權利”和“武力”。13. A. expecting B. interesting C. desir

36、ed D. satisfyin 答案: C 指導：desired過去分詞作定語，當“所期望的”講，相當于expectedo猤子沒有獲得期望的緯果。其他不合語法。14. A. Probably B. Likely C. Simply D. Nearly 答案: C 指導：simply"僅僅”此處用來加強語氣。指猴子僅僅把注意力集中在堅果上而忽視了科學家的指令。15. A. nor B. and C. but D instead 答案: B指導：此處是并列關系。16. A. gesture B. mouth C. hand D. eye 答案: C 指導，科學家在教猴子怎樣把瓶子顛倒過來

37、，因此是“手”的動作。17. A. manner B. way C. method D. direction 答案: B 指導：此處應是瓶子被顛倒的方式。猴子沒有注意到科學家的演示。manner指的是人的“行為方式”，mothod 指具體做事情的“方法”，用法比way正式。18. A. sit B. get C. let D. calm 答案: D 指導：此處指猴子要想轉移注意力，必須首先“冷靜”下來，不被誘惑所控制。其他選項不合題意。19. A. that B. which C. how D. what 答案: A 指導：that此處引導強調句。其他不合語法要求。20. A. speech

38、B. ability C. training D. wisdom 答案: D 指導：這個實驗說明猴子缺乏“智慧”。其他選項都脫離了文章的中心。Cloze 4 The western world has always been divided into two type of people-the cool and uncnol. It is a 1 that starts in school The 2 kids are good at sports. They are good looking and people want to 3 their style. They can do the

39、 homework but they don't 4 a big effort. That would notcool. The uncool kids are in 5 corner of the playground.They are very bright, but they don't have great 6 skills they are 7 at sports. When they are not 8 computers doing calculus (微積分) in their heads, they are reading come books and wat

40、ching shows. They are 9 as the geeks. Here's the geeks. The geeks are taking over (占上風 )Make friends with them now 10 they will put virus (病毒)in your computer and 11 your maths homework to Geeks might not be popular at school, yet they do pass their examinations, and they might not be too popula

41、r at university, mt 12 good degrees. The most important 13 of the 21 st century, comput es and IT, has been at least partly created by geeks. Geck hens like Bill Gates 14 others to follow their examples. Be: a geek is a way of earning good money. And the creation of the Internet gave them a 15 of th

42、eir own to work and play in making them a global force. 16 , the effect of the geeks popular culture has started a new trend (趨勢). It is dw cool to be 18 .Geek culture is becoming an important rtm of general popular culture, in which what you know is bore important than 19 you look like.But there ar

43、e also 20 . Geeks were of ten bullied (欺侮) or laughed at in school. Now a geck may be your boss. Perhaps it is time for punishment. 1 A. division B. part C. group D. habit 答案: A 指導；這里指的是the cool和the uncool的“分類”。由前面的divide可排除其他選項。2.A. pleasant B. cool C. crazy D. popular 答案: B 指導：由下文Thatwouldnotbecoo

44、l可知這里指的是第一類人，thecool"很酷的”孩子往往擅長體育。從上下文的對比關系可排除其他選項。3.A. take B. act C. copy D. advance 答案: C 指導；copy用作動詞，當“模仿”講。此處是說，那些擅長體育的孩子長得很帥，因此人們都喜歡模仿他們。其他三個選項與style不搭配。4.A. have B. suffer C. support D. make 答案: D 指導：makeeffort是動詞的固定搭配“付出努力”。5.A. the other B. any C. other D. another 答案: A 指導：這里指和thecool相

45、對應的另一個陣營。把事物分為兩部分，其余的一部分我們往往用theotherother表示“另外的一些”，是指把事物分為三部分以上；another表不三者或三者以上的“另一個”。6.A. operating B. speaking C. social D. experimental 答案: C 指導；從后文看theuncool一類人不善“社交”，即缺乏“社交技能”。7.A.good B. active C. hopeless D. sharp 答案: C 指導：the uncool一類人在體育方面也不行，因此選hopeless"無望的?。其他形容詞與此處所表達的語境正好相反。8.A.p

46、rogramming B.making C. repairing D. selling 答案: A 指導：programme用作動詞，當“編程序”講，此處指信息產業的奇才們在學校里主要是編程序。9.A. admired B. thought C. known D. reeognized 答案: C 指導；beknownas意為“作為出名”。他們就是人所共知的“奇才”。從文章所給的信息看，這類人并不被人 看好，因此不用beadmiredasia作為被崇拜”或berecognizedass!作為被承認”。10. A. and B. so C. or D. that 答案: C 指導：or連接并列句

47、，引出與前文相反的后果。11. A. put B. cause C. bring D. take 答案: C 指導；bring somethingtoruin是固定短語，相當于ruin“毀滅”。此處表達的意思是：如果不跟這些人交朋友，他們會報復你，使你的電腦癱瘓。12. A. win B. take C. wish D. finish 答案: B 指導：takegetobtain a degree"獲得學位”。13. A. industry B. progressC. discovery D. improvement 答案: A 指導：這里指信息產業，故用industry14. A.

48、 excite B. discourageC. demand D. promise 答案: A 指導：信息產業人才迅速崛起，獲得巨大成功，因此“激勵”人們仿效他們。15. A. space B. world C. chance D. heaven 答案: B 指導：因特網的誕生為信息產業人才提供了廣闊的“世界”。前面有不定冠詞a，因此不選space16. A. Therefore B. HoweverC. Though D. Besides 答案: D 指導；besides用作副詞，表示“增補”關系。therefore表“結果”；however表“轉折”；though表“讓步”。17. A.

49、in B. of C. on D. for 答案: C 指導：effect和介詞on搭配，表示“對的影響”。18. A. rich B. uncool C. attractive D. handsome 答案: B 指導：Geeks一類人獲得了巨大成就，對大眾文化也產生了巨大的影響，因此人們對什么是cool的觀點也發生了變化；過去uncool的Geeks現在成為人們真正崇拜的 對象。19. A. how B. that C. bow much D. what 答案: D 指導：現在人們意識到知識比外表更重要。what引導名詞性從句，本身作表語。20. A. dangers B. questio

50、ns C. possibilityD. chances 答案: A 指導：過去Geeks在校園里是被人欺負和嘲笑的對象，而現在卻當了老板。因此此處說，原來欺負他們的人也許就成了“奇才們”的雇員，被他們所控制，就是一種“危險”。Cloze 5The task of being accepted and enrolled (招收) in a university begins early for some students. Long 1 they graduate from high school, these students take special 2 to prepare for adv

51、anced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test how 3 prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they 4 apphcations (申請)and send them, with their student records, to the oniversifies which they hope to 5 . Sonae high school students may be 6 to have an

52、 interview with repre- senta-fives of the university. Neatly 7 and usually very frightened, they are 8 to show that they have a good attitude and the 9 to succed When the new students are finally 10 , there may be one more step they have to 11 before registering for (登記)classes and 12 to work. Many colleges and universities 13 an oftentation (情況介紹) program for students. 14 thesepregrams, the young people get to know the 15 f