1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+done在高考中所占分值為2分左右，常以單選或語(yǔ)篇填空、改錯(cuò)題的方式出現(xiàn)。其用法總結(jié)歸納如下：一、 “must+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛孢€是濕的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說(shuō)話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。二、 “can't+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的否定推

2、測(cè)，譯成“不可能做過(guò)某事”。1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見(jiàn)過(guò)他。2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。三、 “can+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句，譯成“可能做過(guò)嗎？”。1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone o

3、ut? 屋里沒(méi)有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去呢？四、 “could+have+done”是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來(lái)他能夠通過(guò)考試，但是他太粗心。五、 “may+have+done”表示對(duì)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情的推測(cè)，意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to

4、 George?I don't know. He may have got lost.喬治發(fā)生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、 “might+have+done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或許會(huì)多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.

5、 如果你多給她點(diǎn)機(jī)會(huì)，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成績(jī)。七、 “would+have+done”虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的假設(shè)，意思是“本來(lái)會(huì)做”。1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本來(lái)會(huì)告訴你這個(gè)小男孩的故事，但是你沒(méi)有問(wèn)我。2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 沒(méi)有你的幫助，我是不會(huì)取得如此大的成績(jī)。八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒(méi)做。” “s

6、houldn't+have+done”表示本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對(duì)方或自責(zé)的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項(xiàng)工作本來(lái)應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，湯姆哭了，我本來(lái)不應(yīng)該對(duì)他如此嚴(yán)厲。九、 “ought to+have+done”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒(méi)有做，譯成“理應(yīng)做”，往往表示遺憾。與“should+h

7、ave+done”用法基本一樣。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him more help. 你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。十、 “need+have+done”表示本來(lái)需要做某事而沒(méi)有做。“needn't+have+done”則表示“本來(lái)不需要做某事而做了”。I needn't have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本來(lái)沒(méi)有必要買這么多酒，只來(lái)了五個(gè)人。He need have hurried to th

8、e station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本來(lái)需要快點(diǎn)去車站，那樣的話，他就不會(huì)誤了火車。“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)或估計(jì)，是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)就這一語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象作如下歸納：1 should (ought to) have過(guò)去分詞 表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而（實(shí)際）沒(méi)有做的事情,含有責(zé)備或遺憾的語(yǔ)氣，意為“本應(yīng)該”；其否定形式為“should notought not to have 過(guò)去分詞”，表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。Mr. White _ at 8:30 for the meeting

9、 , but he didnt show up.     （04廣西卷）A. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have had arrived D. should be arriving解析本題中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞but暗示了“Mr. White按道理理應(yīng)到了，而他沒(méi)有到”。故答案選A。2neednt have過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做某事, 但實(shí)際上做了某事。As you worked late yesterday, you_ have come this morning.   

10、   (06陜西卷)A. maynt          B. cant          C. mustnt        D. neednt解析 He needn't have come，表示“他本沒(méi)有必要來(lái)（實(shí)際卻來(lái)了）”，根據(jù)句意，答案應(yīng)選D。注意 He didn't need to come yesterday，意

11、為“他昨天沒(méi)有必要來(lái)（實(shí)際也沒(méi)來(lái)）”。3must have過(guò)去分詞用于肯定句，表示“過(guò)去一定做過(guò)某事”，表示一種很有把握的推測(cè)。注意 對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生情況的否定推測(cè)常用cantcouldnt have 過(guò)去分詞。I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere .         （05北京春季）A. must drop               B. mu

12、st have droppedC. must be dropping        D. must have been dropped解析本題應(yīng)選B。本題的前一句說(shuō)明一個(gè)結(jié)果，后一句則表示一個(gè)原因。I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）A. shouldn't          B. couldn't  &

13、#160;       C. mustn't       D. needn't解析從題意上分析，本題的前一句陳述一個(gè)理由，后一句則是由前一句得出的結(jié)論。故本題選B 。 4maymight have過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的一種不太有把握的可能性推測(cè)，表示“過(guò)去可能大概已做了某事”；否定句表示“過(guò)去可能還沒(méi)有做某事”。We        have proved great adventurers, but we have d

14、one the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.                                         

15、; (06天津卷)A. neednt      B. may not        C. shouldnt          D. mustnt     Key:B5cancould have過(guò)去分詞 表示“過(guò)去本來(lái)可以做某事，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做”；否定句表示“不可能已做了某事”；疑問(wèn)句表示“可能也許已做了某事嗎？”。- I stayed at a hotel

16、while in New York .- Oh, did you? You with Barbara                      (NMET98)A. could have stayed       B. could stayC. would stay        

17、;     D. must have stayed                Key: A鞏固性練習(xí)：從A、B、C、D中選擇最佳答案。1-You didnt wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you?-No, but we _. He didnt return home at all.A. couldnt have waited    &

18、#160;     B. neednt haveC. didnt need to               D. should wait2Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.   A. could   B. might   C. should&#

19、160;  D. must3-May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six oclock tonight ?”-“Im sorry, Mr. Smith         to a conference before then.”A. will have gone                 B. ha

20、d gone      C. would have gone                 D. has gone4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.- Really? I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A. must &#

21、160;             B. may               C. can                D. should5- Was it you that made the suggestion?- It &#

22、160;      have been. I cant remember.A. need                 B. must                 C. should   

23、60;             D. may6The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have taken             B. could have takenC. needn't have

24、taken            D. mustn't have taken7He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.A. could                          

25、  B. would                          C. must                     D. need8I didnt

26、see her in the meeting room this morning. She       at the meeting .    A. mustnt have spoken    B. mightnt have spoken    C. cant have spoken        D. shouldnt have spoken9- Hi, is that Peter B

27、rown?-Sorry. You _ the wrong number .A. must dial                            B. must have dialed       C. should dial     

28、60;                     D. should have dialed10I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour .A. should have been doing  

29、0;          B. must have been doingC. could have done                    D. would have doneKeys for reference： 1-5 CAADD      6-10 CACBB情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

30、+have done用法發(fā)布時(shí)間:2010-11-03  文章來(lái)源:雅思博教育  瀏覽次數(shù):22 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done用法例句must have done表示主觀上對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測(cè)，意為“想必，準(zhǔn)是，一定做了某事”1 She must have gone through a lot.2 He must have visited the White House during his stay in the United States.may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生行為的推測(cè)，意為“也許/或許已經(jīng)（沒(méi)有）“。一般用

31、于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑問(wèn)句。用might則表示語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。1 You may have learnt the news.2 He may not have heard his name called.3 Sorry Im late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.canhave donecannot have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。（can換成could時(shí)語(yǔ)氣委婉）1 Where can she have gone?2 Could he have done such a foolish thing?3 The boy cant have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.could have done可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已經(jīng)”之意，此外，還可以表示過(guò)去能做而沒(méi)做的事，有一種對(duì)過(guò)去為付諸實(shí)施的事情的惋惜。1 He could have killed himself driving at a dangerous speed.2 You could have b