1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一. 被動語態(tài) 主動語態(tài)：主語 主動 執(zhí)行被動語態(tài)：主語 被動 承受例句： The lazy sheep was caught by the gray wolf again!1. 被動語態(tài)的基本機構(gòu)：be +及物動詞 過去分詞2. 主動變被動的基本規(guī)則：主動語態(tài)： 主語 + 謂語動詞 + 賓語 + 其他成分被動語態(tài)： 主語 + be +過去分詞 + by +賓語 + 其他成分例1： Many people speak English. 被動句： English is spoken by many people. 例2： He cheated her. 被動句： She

2、 was cheated by him. 3.主動句變被動句的主要規(guī)則：(1). 人稱代詞主格做主語，賓格做賓語。 (2). 被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+及物動詞的過去分詞 (如果是不及物動詞，其過去分詞應(yīng)帶有相應(yīng)的介詞) He gives up smoking. 被動句：_ (3). 被動語態(tài)中的be 是助動詞，有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。 一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)為： 一般過去時被動語態(tài)為： 一般將來時被動語態(tài)為： 現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)為： (4).情態(tài)動詞 + be done 由上可見，被動語態(tài)的時態(tài) 由_be 動詞_ 來體現(xiàn)。 (5). 被動語態(tài)中，by+動作的發(fā)出者 放在句末(課省略)，by 表示“

3、由，被”的意思。4.被動語態(tài)的注意點（1）“三看一聽”hear, see, watch, notice，使役動詞make等 主動句中 to 走開， 被動句中 to 回來。 I heard my sister sing in her room yesterday. 被動句： My mother always makes me do some housework. 被動句：_ （2）say, believe, consider, know, expect, think 等詞接賓語從句，變被動句用 It is / was said/believed. that. People believe he

4、told the truth. 被動句：_ （3）常見無被動的詞：happen 意為“發(fā)生”時，主語為物，sth happen to sb, 無被動 belong to, take place, rise, sell well, remain, run out, come true等無被動 (4) 感官動詞_feel, look, smell, taste, sound_, 主動表被動 The news sounds terrible.二. 現(xiàn)在完成時1、語境分析 動作發(fā)生在過去，已完成，強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在有影響 -Are you hungry? -No, I have had breakfast.

5、動作發(fā)生在過去，未完成，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或未來 I have studied English for 10 years.2. 標(biāo)志性的時間狀語： already_, yet_ _， ever_ never_, before_ In the last/past + 一段時間_ So far _ For + 一段時間_ Since + 過去的時間點 since then，since two years ago, since 1996 + 從句（過去式） 次數(shù)（twice， three times , four times）注意：1）already用于肯定句， I have already eaten l

6、unch.yet用于一般疑問句或否定句 _ you eaten lunch _? I havent eaten lunch _. 2）Have you ever read this story (before)? -I have never read it.3) In the last three weeks, I have read 5 books.4) We have known each other for 5 years.5) Qingdao has changed greatly so far.6) I havent seen my teachers since I left sch

7、ool.7)I have lived here since 2010. (since 3 years ago)3、重點詞組辨析 have/has gone to 去了(人未回) Have/has been to 去過(人已回) Have/has been in 去多久（有一段時間）4. 與延續(xù)性的時間狀語 連用的必須是延續(xù)性動詞 初中階段常考的延續(xù)性時間狀語： 1）for +一段時間 2）Since + 過去的時間點 + 從句（過去式） 3）How long?真題鏈接1. -When _ he _ for London? -The day before yesterday. He _ for two days. A. did, leave; has left B. has, left; has left C. did, leave; has been away D. will, leave; is leaving 附：常見短暫性動詞 與 延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 buy_; borrow_; die_; leave_ (from); put on_ make friends_come back_ start/ begin-_fall asleep_; open_; turn on_