1、跨文化商務溝通期末考試的復習內容一、單選題（10題X2分=20分）1、_A is called interracial communicationA.The communication between African Americans and European Americans.B.The communication between two people 'C.Communication we have with ourselvesD.Interactions among people from different nations.2、The nail that sticks up

2、 gets hammered down is a proverb revealing.A. individualism B. collectivism C. self-centered D. independence3、The colour red means prosperity（榮、興旺） in D.A. American B. England C. Spain D. China4、“ Yellowdog” refers to C in England.A.someone who is happyB. Someone who is braveC. Someone who is coward

3、 （卑鄙的）D. Someone who is sad.5、A： Thank you so much for what you have done for me and I really appreciate your kindness.B:C（If you were B, which of the following you would choose as a polite and proper answer）A. It my duty to do so. B. No, it n othing.C. It's my pleasure.D. It s what I Should do.

4、6、C is not one of the countries with high-context communication.A. China B. Mexico C. Canada D. Japan7、_D belongs tolow uncertainty avoidance.不確定性回避）A.People develop many rules to control social behaviors.B.People tend to worry abort the future.C.People have a high level of anxiety.D.People believe

5、in accepting dissent among cultural members .8、C tends to be feminine （嬌柔彳頃向）country.A.Japan B. England C. Denmark D. Germany9、Owl （貓頭鷹）is the symbol of misfortune （不幸）in D。A. American B. England C. Spain D. China10、D adoptsmonochromic （單向計時制）time system.A. Chill B. Brazil C. Argentina D. England.1

6、.C is called intrapersonal communication.A. The communication between African Americans and European Americans。B. The communication between two peopleC. Communication we have with ourselvesD. Interactions among people from different nations.2 . The nail that sticks up gets hammered down” is a prover

7、bfrom_AA.Japan B.American C.Germany D.England3 . A red rag to a bull"（火冒三丈） may stem from D.A.American B.England C.Spain D.China4 .The color yellow means young in A.A.American B.Japan C.Spain D.China5 ._B is not one of the countries with low-context communication.A.American B.Mexico C.Canada D.

8、Germany6 .A belongs to high uncertainty avoidance.A.People develop many rules to control social behaviors.B.People are willing to accept change and takes risks.C.People have a high tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity.D.People believe in accepting dissent among cultural members.7 .A tends to be m

9、asculine（陽 IW向） country.A.Japan B.Hollan C.Denmark D.Thailand8 .C adoptspolychronic （多項計時制） time system.A.Canada B.Germany C.Argentina D.England9 .Cow is worshiped in A.A.India B.America C.Germany D.Japan10 .The word Hippie “is from D.A.England B.Japan C.Canada D.America、True or False判斷正誤（10題*2分=20分

10、）1.Japanese culture prefers directness and face-caving behaviors.1.1 t's normal to point the soles of your shoes or feet towards the other person when you sit in Indonesia.3 .Americans highly value positive nonverbal displays and typically regard someone who smiles as more intelligent than someo

11、ne who does not.4 .All people of the same nationality will hare the same culture.5 .Culture can be seen as shared knowledge what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture.1 .Encoding is the process of putting ideas into symbols.2 .Although cultures do change. most changes

12、affects only the surface structure of the culture.3 .Culture is a static （靜態的）entity while communication is a dynamic process.4 .Women are frequent participants on a Japanese negotiation team.5 .Western women usually like Chinese to touch their bodies or small children.6 .Cultural mistakes are more

13、serious than linguistic mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals.7 .One，s actions are totally independent of his or her culture.8.A11 cultures requ

14、ire and value politeness, but the ways in which politeness is achieved may vary significantly.9.In informal situations, a large number of compliments（恭維） are used to make people feel comfortable.10. “ Dragon” means the same to the westerner a攏" to the Chinese.三、名詞解釋（5題*3分=15分）1、 intercultural c

15、ommunication2、Collectivism3、value"4、masculinity，5、polychromic time systemV具體解釋：6、power distance. V7、nonverbal communication8、individualism9、femininity10、Monochromic time systemv7I.Intercultural communication :face-to-face interactions among people of diverse cultures.2 .Collectivism :A society

16、low individualism would likely endorse,harmony.socialorder,conformityingrouprelationships,deference to group norms,family relationship and loyalty to consensus view.points3 .values:values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes. As such, values reflec

17、t a person's sense of right and wrong or what "ought" to be., " Eqirghts for all", "Excellence deserves admiration", and "People should be treated with respect and dignity" are representative of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior.4 .Ma

18、sculinity （陽剛傾向）: refers to a kind of values that the societyadvocates the dominance of the masculine characteristics such as decisiveness, assertiveness, and competitiveness, traits that reflect traditional manly values of control over events.5 .Polychromic time system （多向計時制）: Polychromic time sys

19、tem is akind of viewpoint and attitude toward time, which means that several things are being done at the same time.6 .Power distance:can therefore be defined as the extent to which the less powerful. Members of insititutions and organizations within a country except and accept that power is distrib

20、uted unequally.7 .Nonverbal communication （: 非語言交際）is communication throughmeans other than language-for example,facial expression personal space, eye contact, use of time,and conversational silence.8 .Individualism :this dimension measure the degree to which a society values independent initiative

21、to collective effort.9 .Femininity :（ 嬌 柔 傾 向 ） feminine orienlations focus on nurturing relationships and human interactions. They display limited emphasis on competitive dominance.10 .monochromic time system: monochromic time system is a king ofviewpoint and attitude toward time, which means that

22、things should be done one at a time, and time is segmented into precise, small units.四、簡答題（5題 *5 分 =25分）1、What is noise in communication*2、 What are the characteristics of culture?3、 How much do you know about Japanese people? And how can you communicate well with them?，4、What is high-context commun

23、ication?/5、What is the Chinese dream?，6、What are the components of communication?7、What are the ingredients of culture?/8、What is low-context communication?，9、 How much do you know about German People? And how can you communicate will with them?10、 What is American Dream?1 .What is noise in communic

24、ation?The term noise technically refers to anything that distorts the messagethe source encodes.Noise can be of many forms:external noise can be the sights,sounds, and other stimuil that draw youe attention away from the message.Have a radio on while reading is external ernal noise refers t

25、o your thoughts anf feelings that can interfere with the message.2 .What are the characteristics of culture?Six characteristics of culture are of special importance to intercultural commumication:(1)culture is learned (2)culture is transmissible.(3)culture is dynamic. (4)culture is selective.(5)the

26、facets of culture are interrelated.(6) culture is ethnocentric.3 .how much do you know about Japanese people. And how can youcommunicate well with them?Japanese people are very polite and they are very patient in business, they don't like talkative persons and they never refuse others directly.

27、Based on the knowledge, i will try to confirm to their characteristics. i will not talk too much and too quickly when communicating with them, i will be polite and patient and try to get the implied meaning from the other party, if necessaryi will ask them in a very directly and politely.4 .What is

28、high-context communication ？It is a kind of communication style in which the meaning rely heavily on hidden, implicit, contextual cues such as nonverbal behavior, social context, and the nature of interpersonal relationships. The focus is on the meaning between lines, and the receiver is required to

29、 catch the implied meaning of the speaker.5 .What is the Chinese Dream?Chinese Dream is a term popularized After 2013 within Chinese socialist thought that describes a set of personal and national ideals in the People s Republic of China and the Communist Party of China. It is used by journalists, g

30、overnment officials, and activists to describe the role of the individual in Chinese society as well as the goals of the “Chinese nation ” T,he dream is described as “national rejuvenation, improvement of people s livelihoods, prosperity, construction of a better society and a strengthened military.

31、6 .what are the components of communication?They are: source, encoding, message, channel, noise, receiver, decoding,receiver/response,feedback context.7 .what are the ingredients of culture?Cultures may be classified by three large categories of elements: artifacts(man-made things), concepts(such be

32、liefs and ideas in people's mind) and behaviors (human being's activities and actions)8 .what is low-context communication?It is a kind of communication style in which the meaning of the message is expected to be explicit, direct, and unambiguous.The speaker is required to express the meanin

33、g as clear as possible.what is power distance ？This dimension measures a society's emphasis on human inequalities. A culture high in power distance would value hierarchical status and authority. in contrast, countries that scored low on power distance don't take it serious, and superiors and

34、 subordinates feel relatively comfortable with shared decision making and Decentralization.what are the components of communication?They are: source, encoding, message, channel, noise, receiver, decoding,receiver/response,feedback context.Answer the following questions according to your knowledge.Wh

35、at is noise in communication?What are the characteristics of culture?How much do you know about Japanesepeople? And how can you communicate well with them?What is high-context communication?What is the Chinese Dream?贊揚人的外貌You have a beautiful smile.Your hairstyle looks nice.性格You have a good sense o

36、f humor.You have got a great personality.家庭成員Your wife is beautiful.Your kid is cute.能力You have done a good job.You did a good presentation.財物Your car is nice.五、案例分析（2 題 *10 分 =20 分）Case 1:Yang Ruifang worked as a secretary in an Australian company inMelbourne. She became friendly with one of the Au

37、stralian secretaries, a woman named Cathy Lane.The two usually ate lunch together and YangRuifang often asked Cathy for advice on problems she she faced adjusting to Australian society.Cathy gave her a tot of advice and helped her move from one apartment to another.Cathy went with Yang Ruifang to th

38、e immigration Bureau several times to help sort out some problem.Yang Ruifang visited Cathy several times at home but did not incite Cathy to her apartment,becauseshe shared it with four other people if they did not see ouch other over the weekend,they usually talked on the telephone.As Yang Ruifang

39、 was also preparing to take on English test, she was able to get a lot of help with English in this way.However, something seemed to be going wrong Cathy seemed to be getting impatient, even a Little cold , She started going out by herself at lunchtime instead of eating with Yang, and seemed relucta

40、nt to answer questions. Yang Ruifang was puzzled. She couldn't imagine the problem was.Analysis ： the definition of friendship is different between Chinese and Western countries culture, in China, we think that we should do things all as one wishes and stay together everyday eating together, sho

41、pping together and so on. We always sa“y A friend indeed is a friend in need” . In this case, ruifang treat his secretary like this way makes her secretary feel uncomfortable. In western countries, no matter how intimate their friendship is, they should make an appointment in advance, and they shoul

42、d have their own private space.Case 2：Linhua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China.They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them.They were so glad to meet again.Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They

43、 ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part, and no one wanted to pay for Linhua.Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the .Analysis :In China, people usually invite guests to have a meal at home to express their hospitality, and

44、 even have a meal outside, they also always pay the overall bills. However, in America, they always pay the bill for themselves when they have a meal outside to express the equality.Case 2:One cold winter day in a Chinese city, Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who knew ve

45、ry little about China.After greeting him,Wang said:“Its rather cold.You d better put on more clothes.” But the professor didn t appear happy on hearing this.Analysis: Americans and most western countries people dislike to be told how to do the things. They intend to be independent. However, inChina, people are accustomed to care about others. In this case, Wang lin s suggestion ex