1、Part One 句子成分成分詞性例句主語（處 于 謂 語動詞前 ）名詞The apple is red.代詞Nobody is here.數詞Four and five makes nine.名詞化的形容詞The old need our help.to do/ doingTo be a doctor is my dream. Running is good for health.從句That he is handsomeis well known.What you saidis right.謂語簡單謂語： 一個動詞 / 動詞詞組He often reads newspaper .The p

2、lane takes off.復合謂語： 助動詞 + 動詞He can speak English well.表語位于系動詞后面的成分一般為： 名詞，代詞，形容詞， 數詞， to do/doing; 介詞短語， 從句； 副 詞My wish is to become a doctor.Time is pressing.時間緊迫I am at work.This is why I am here.賓語位于 及物動詞 或者 介詞后的部分we love our motherland.Buy it.Give me five.We should help the poor.Do you understa

3、nd what I said?名詞； 代詞； 數詞；名詞化的形容 詞； to do/ doing ;從句補足語賓語補足語：對賓語進行補充說明 形容詞 分詞短語 不定式 名詞介詞短語 副詞I found the book very interesting. He made himself known to others. He asked me to do sth. we must keep it a secret. make yourself at home. keep the dog out.主語補足語 : 對主語進行補充說明 名詞； 形容詞 等The dog was found dead.

4、 He is elected monitor of the class.定語修飾限定名詞或者代詞的成分 介詞短語 代詞 數詞 名詞 不定式 分詞 從句The book on the desk is mine.My bag is here.Three dogs are barking. stone table the way to do this moving film / boiled waterI know the boy who is standing there.狀語修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞，句子 副詞 不定式 分詞短語 介詞短語 從句Tom speaks fast.I buy the c

5、ake to eat. Arriving there, I called him.When I was a child , I was so cute.Part two 句子的類型? 簡單句 - 五種基本句型1 )主語 + 不及物動詞 【主謂】 The dog died.2) 主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語【主謂賓】 I teach English.3 ) 主語 + 動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 【主謂賓賓】 She sent me a present.4) 主語+ 及物動詞 +賓語 + 賓語補足語【主謂賓賓補】5 ) 主語 + 系動詞 + 表語【主系表】并列句 - 由并列連詞【 fanbo

6、ys 】連接的句子fanboys: for , and, nor , but, or , yet, so1. 注意就遠原則、就近原則 2. 注意 邏輯語義關系? 主從復合句1. 分類名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句* 同位語從句形容詞性從句定語從句副詞性從句狀語從句2. 名詞性從句的連接詞使用一覽表連接詞從句內部情況是否可省例句that不缺成分； 意義完整賓語從句可以省；主從，表從不可省I know (that) you love English. That you love English is well known.The reason is that you love English.

7、whether不缺成分；意義 “是 否”不可省Whether I am alive depends on you.The problem is whether he will agree with you.if不缺成分；意義 “是 否”只能用 在賓語 從句 中的某些情況whose從句缺定語； “誰的”不可省I want to know whose bag it is.which what who/whom從句缺 主語、 賓 語 , 表語不可省Which boy will go there is unknown.What you said is right.I wonder who he is.

8、where why when how從句缺 狀語； 地 點意義，時間意義， 方式，原因意義不可省Where you want to live is not a question now. I wonder why you are so brilliant.I didn ' t know when he left.Let teach you how to write.從句的語序： 陳述語序 - 引導詞后緊跟從句的主語。【注意特例】 ： 特殊疑問詞本身做主語的時候，改為賓從的時候，語序不變。what ' s wrong / the matter/the problem (with)

9、which is the way towhat is the most beautiful .what is happening over there who is standing there 3) 時態主現從不限， 主過從必過，真理永一現。注意： 在改寫賓從的時候， 1)如果主句是一般過去式，從句要用相應的過去時態。 2 )注意人稱變化； 3) 注意 時間狀語的變化3. 定從考點梳理連接詞使用一覽表從句內部情況連接詞是否可省例句從句缺 主語 賓語that當從句缺的是 賓I know a girl that is good at English.語的時候，可以I know the girl

10、(that) you talk about.省略which 【先行詞為物】當從句缺的是賓This is the bag (which) you bought for me.who/whom 【先行詞為語的時候，可以This is the man (whom) I love.人】省略從句缺定語； “誰whoseI live in the house whose door is white.的”從句基本完整whereIs there a place where we can spend ourwhyholidays?whenI don ' t know the reason why he

11、is late.I will never forget the days when we livedtogether .注意： 只能用 that 的情況1. 先行詞是 all, few, little, much, something, anything, everything等不定代詞2. 先行詞 由 only , very 修飾3. 先行詞被最高級、序數詞修飾4. 先行詞中既有人又有物非限制性定語從句：特點： 先行詞 與定語從句之間 有逗號隔開which 引導： 先行詞既可以是一個單詞，也可以是一整個句子as 引導： 可參考 常見搭配： as sb expectedas is mentio

12、ned beforeas is well-known 4. 狀語從句重點連接詞時間狀語從句since- 自從； 與現在完成時連用 as soon as 一 就not until 直到 .才 原因狀語從句since ； as目的狀語從句so that讓步狀語從句：though/although/even if/ even though,條件狀語從句：if, unless, as/so long as方式狀語從句：as( 按照 ) ， as if/as though不與 but 連用Part Three 倒裝句 - NAOSHI 原則否定成分倒裝類型否 定 詞 ： never , seldom,

13、scarcely, not, nowhere, littleNever shall I forgive him. 部分倒裝 否定短語： (決不)On no account, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way, in no senseBy no means can you get my money. 部分倒裝 否定句型： 從句不倒裝，主句倒裝 1 ) Not unitl1 )Not until Timy came could the students have the class.2 ) No sooner tha

14、n2 )No sooner had Timy comethan the students started tolaugh. than 此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句 3 ) Hardly/scarcelywhen3 ) Hardly/Scarcelyhad Timy come when the students4 ) not only .but also started to laugh. when 此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句 Not only did he love English, but also she love English.NAOSHI N- negative words

15、當句首出現否定意義成分，需要進行部分倒裝 】NAOSHIA (as / though引導的讓步狀語從句 ）結構 1 ： adj./adv. /分詞 / 名詞 （ 無冠詞 ）/ 短語 + as/though +主語 + 謂語Although/Though I was very tired, I tried to help them. = Tired as/ though I was, tried to help them. Though she is a girl, she behaves like a boy.= Girl as/though she is, 此處強調部分為 a + n 單時；

16、倒裝時不用加 aNAOSHI o : only +狀語（ adv./ 介詞短語 /狀從） + 助動詞 +主語+動詞（部分倒裝）Only then did he realize his mistake.Only in this way can you learn English well.Only when you finish your homework can you watch TV. 從句不倒裝，主句倒裝 注意易錯： Only you can go to school.only 后不接狀語，不用倒裝。此句 only 修飾的是主語】NAOSHI s=so, neitherSo did I

17、.我也是So I did. 確實如此I did so. 我做過這件事1. So+ 助動詞 +主語； 表示“也”Neither/Nor + 助動詞 + 主語: 表示“也不”拓展固定結構】 ： So it is with表示前 面提及的事也適合后者. So it is with animals.Man can ' ti vle without water or air人不能離開水和空氣。 動物也是如此NAOSHI H： Here等引導的地點狀語（方向）、時間狀語，位于句首時，要用完全倒裝。Here comes the bus. In front of you sits Timy.Heari

18、ng Timy介詞短語s homework, away fled the students.here, there, now, then, away, off, in, out, up , down易錯： 當主語是人稱代詞的時候，不用完全倒裝。Away they went.Away went the students.Out went the man.Out he rushed.*NAOSHI I : if 引導的虛擬從句 ;若省略 if, 從句要用倒裝結構來表達 結構： Were + 主語 + 其他； Had + 主語 + 過去分詞 + 其他；should + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 其他

19、= were +主語 + to do +其他If I were a boy,I would marry you.Were I a boy, I would marry you.If I had known this, I would have told you. Had I know this, I would have told you. here tomorrow, he would show us his new pictures.A. Were he to come B. Should he come C. Had he come D. A and BPart Four 時態綜合1.

20、一般現在時： 表示經常，習慣的動作 / 狀態； 真理； 名人名言 標志詞： often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day考點：1) 真理永一現Our teacher told us the earth _2) 時間 /條件狀從： 主將從現， If it rains tomorrow, we wongoes around the sun. (go)主祈從現，主情從現 ' t go to the park.2. 一般過去時： 過去發生的動作或狀態標志詞： yesterday; last , ago, in 1998, j

21、ust now, used to do 考點：used to do sth過去常常做be used to doing sth習慣于做某事be used to do sth 被用來做某事3. 一般將來時： 將要發生 / 計劃發生的動作標志詞： tomorrow, next week, in the future, in +時間段 , in 2100,考點：be going to 主觀判斷 據現有跡象判斷將發生 will 客觀必然 ; 無跡象He is seriously ill. Heis going to die.He will be twenty years old.4. 進行時 ; Be careful!? 現在進行時 ： 1) 說話時正在發生的動作 2 ) 最近一段時間持續進行的動作 標志詞： 現在此刻看和聽； 最近在哪要小心。now, at this moment; look; listen; these days; where is 過去進行時 ： 1) 過去某個時刻的動作 2 ) 過去某個時間段持續的動作 標志詞： then, at