1、Unit 2 2Protecting Our PlanetBook 4Think and DiscussViewing the WorldExploring the ThemeAnalytical ListeningSharing Your IdeasEngagingFurther ListeningContentThink and DiscussUnit 2 Protecting Our PlanetThink and DiscussQuestionsAn endangered turtle floats over a dead coral reef.1. Look at the photo

2、 and read the caption. What do you imagine this scene looked like 50 or 60 years ago? What caused the change?2. What are some reasons that animals become extinct?3. Who do you think should be responsible for protecting endangered species? Governments? Companies? Citizens?Think and DiscussExample Ans

3、wersFifty or 60 years ago, the scene was probably much more colorful, with different species of live coral and different kinds of fish. The damage was probably caused by human activities such as commercial fishing or scuba diving. Rising ocean temperatures from global warming can also cause the deat

4、h of coral reefs.Questions1. Look at the photo and read the caption. What do you imagine this scene looked like 50 or 60 years ago? What caused the change?Think and DiscussExample Answers Species can become extinct due to over-hunting or over- fishing , climate change, loss of habitat, or competitio

5、n from invasive species. Questions2. What are some reasons that animals become extinct?Think and DiscussExample Answer 1I think governments should be responsible for protecting endangered species because they have the power to pass and endorse laws that protect the species. Questions3. Who do you th

6、ink should be responsible for protecting endangered species? Governments? Companies? Citizens?Think and DiscussExample Answer 2I think companies should be responsible for protecting endangered species because they sometimes cause environmental damage, and they have financial resources. Saving an end

7、angered species might also be good for a companys public image. Questions3. Who do you think should be responsible for protecting endangered species? Governments? Companies? Citizens?Think and DiscussExample Answers 3I think citizens should be responsible for protecting endangered species because go

8、vernments and companies have not done enough. Citizens should join together to protect these species through education and public pressure on companies and governments. Questions3. Who do you think should be responsible for protecting endangered species? Governments? Companies? Citizens?Exploring th

9、e ThemeUnit 2 Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeProtecting Our PlanetInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN): the worlds oldest and largest global environmental organization founded in 1948. With more than 1,200 member organizations, today it is a leading authority on the environ

10、ment protection and sustainable development. Almost 11,000 scientists and experts from the world do volunteer work for it. 世界自然保護聯盟Exploring the ThemeA | Look at the photos and read the captions. Then discuss the questions.1. Lions and other types of big cats are dying at a rapid rate. What do you t

11、hink is the biggest threat to these animals?2. If a plant species becomes extinct, what effect does this have on the environment?Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeAn African lion rests near a tree in Botswana. Over the past 20 years, many African lions have died.Protecting Our PlanetExploring

12、the ThemeAround the planet, human impact has resulted in the destruction of animal and plant life. Now conservationists are trying to save these plants and animals from extinction. Once a plant or animal is extinct, there will be no living members of that species left on the planet.Protecting Our Pl

13、anetExploring the ThemeAround the planet, human impact has resulted in the destruction of animal and plant life. Now conservationists are trying to save these plants and animals from extinction. Once a plant or animal is extinct, there will be no living members of that species left on the planet.Pro

14、tecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeExample AnswersThe biggest threat to big cats is probably hunting. People want their skins, or in some cases, they might think the big cats are a threat to people or to domestic animals. Habitat loss could be another factor that is endangering big cats.1. Lions a

15、nd other types of big cats are dying at a rapid rate. What do you think is the biggest threat to these animals?Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeExample AnswersIf a plant species becomes extinct, then any insect species or animal that depends on it could go without food and shelter. In additio

16、n, plants are important to the soil and the air, so losing a plant species could have several negative effects on the environment.2. If a plant species becomes extinct, what effect does this have on the environment?Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeB | Look at the chart. Then discuss the quest

17、ions.Each year, the International Union for Conservation of Nature studies plants and animals. Many of the species studied are threatened or at risk of dying. The graph shows the percentage of threatened species in each category. The numbers at the top of the bars show how many species were studied.

18、Protecting Our PlanetExploring the Theme1. Which group is the most threatened? Which is the least?2. Which categories of species are common in China?Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeExample Answers Tropical palms have the greatest percentage of species in danger, while lobsters, on the other

19、hand, have the smallest percentage and number of species in danger. Therefore, tropical palms are the most threatened and lobsters are the least threatened.Which group is the most threatened? Which is the least?Protecting Our PlanetExploring the ThemeExample AnswersAll of the categories of species a

20、re common in China except for tropical palms, which can be only seen in several provinces. Coral reefs used to be common in the oceans around China, but a majority of the reefs have been destroyed due to over-fishing and pollution.2. Which categories of species are common in China?Protecting Our Pla

21、netAnalytical ListeningUnit 2 Protecting Our PlanetAnalytical ListeningListening 1 dusky seaside sparrow n. 海濱灰雀（主要分布在美國佛羅里達州的梅里特島，已經絕跡）habitat n.（植物的）生長地；（動物的）棲息地Merritt Island 梅里特島（位于美國東部佛羅里達州）steelhead trout n. 硬頭鱒enforce v. 執行，實施（規定或法律）Idaho 愛達荷州（美國西北部州）deforestation n. 砍伐樹林buckwheat n. 蕎麥Analyt

22、ical ListeningListening 1 Endangered Species Act (ESA): a U.S. environmental law which was passed in 1973. It was designed to help protect plants and animals that are threatened by extinction as a result of human activities. 瀕危物種法案Analytical ListeningListening 1 People generally speak more quickly t

23、han they can write. To take good notes quickly while listening to a lecture, we should write only the most important ideas. Here are some tips: Write only the key words. Dont write complete sentences. Use abbreviations (short forms) and symbols when possible. Indent specific information, such as exa

24、mples.Analytical ListeningA | Predicting Content. Form a group with two or three other students. Look at the photos and read the caption. Then discuss the questions below. Listening 1 The dusky seaside sparrow was a bird species of southern Florida.Analytical ListeningA | Predicting Content. Listeni

25、ng 1 1. The dusky seaside sparrow is now extinct. What kind of habitat do you think this bird lived in?2. What do you think are some possible causes for its extinction?Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example Answers1. The dusky seaside sparrow is now extinct. What kind of habitat do you think this b

26、ird lived in?The bird is sitting on a branch, so it must have lived in places with trees. Southern Florida is also a warm place with a lot of wetlands.Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example Answers2. What do you think are some possible causes for its extinction?The bird may have become extinct beca

27、use of habitat loss, environmental pollution, or disease. (Its a small bird, so people wouldnt want to hunt it.)Analytical ListeningB | Note-Taking. Listen to the first part of a guided tour and look at a students notes. Notice the use of key words, indentations, abbreviations, and symbols. Listenin

28、g 1 Analytical ListeningC | Pair Work. Work with a partner. Using the notes from exercise B, retell the first part of the guided tour in complete sentences. Use your own words. Listening 1 Analytical ListeningListening 1 Example AnswersThe dead bird in the jar is the dusky seaside sparrow, a small b

29、ird that lived on Merritt Island in southern Florida, but which is now extinct. The species became extinct when people used chemicals to kill the mosquitos on the island. Those chemicals altered the wetlands so they were no longer a good habitat for the sparrow.Analytical ListeningTour Guide: OK, ev

30、eryone, heres our next exhibit. Do you see the body of the little bird in that bottle? That is a dusky seaside sparrow. It was an old male that died on June 16, 1987. Its kind of sad because he was the very last dusky seaside sparrow in the world. Theyre now extinct. Yes, you have a question? Male:

31、Do you know why they became extinct? Tour Guide: Basically, they lost their habitat. See, the dusky seaside sparrow lived only in one placeon Merritt Island in Florida. The island had a lot of mosquitoes and wetlands. The people on Merritt Island used chemicals to kill the mosquitoes. Those chemical

32、s were also very harmful to the sparrows, and many died. In addition, the people on Merritt Island tried to control and exploit the wetlands. As they altered them, the wetlands were no longer a good habitat for the sparrows. The birds died one by one until there werent any left.Listening 1 Analytica

33、l ListeningA | Note-Taking. Listen to the guided tour and complete the notes. Be sure to use key words, abbreviations, and symbols. Notice the indentations. A Guided TourListening 1 Endangered Species Act (ESA)1973Protects animals and their _ Ex.: _Ongoing conflict between _ and _ Ex.: _ESA protects

34、 _; ranchers feellaw violates _habitatssteelhead trout in Washington statelandownersgovernmentgray wolf in Wyoming and Idaholandtheir rightsAnalytical ListeningA | Note-Taking. Listening 1 Endangered Species TodaySituation today is _ than in 19731. _ species listed as _ or _2. Since 1973 only _ spec

35、ies removed from list3. BUT only _ removed because they recovered; _ became extinct, others listed by mistake4. _ more species may soon be added to listworse 1,300endangeredthreatened39149300Analytical ListeningA | Note-Taking. Listening 1 ConclusionEven w/ ESA in place, _ not making much progressAn

36、alytical ListeningListening 1 B | Listening for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen again and choose the correct answers. Use your notes from exercise A to help you.1. What is the main topic of the talk? a. Why the dusky seaside sparrow became extinct.b. The difficulties o

37、f protecting both animals and their habitats.c. Reasons that the Endangered Species Act isnt working.bAnalytical ListeningListening 1 B | Listening for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen again and choose the correct answers. Use your notes from exercise A to help you.2. W

38、hat does the Endangered Species Act protect?a. Endangered animals and their habitats.b. Endangered animals but not their habitats.c. Animal habitats but not endangered animals.aAnalytical ListeningListening 1 B | Listening for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen again and

39、choose the correct answers. Use your notes from exercise A to help you.3. What has happened since the passage of the Endangered Species Act?a. The number of species that are endangered has greatly decreased.b. The number of species that are endangered has increased a lot.c. The number of species tha

40、t are endangered has not changed much.cAnalytical ListeningListening 1 The Miami blue butterflyDiscussion. Work with your partner. How might the extinction of the dusky seaside sparrow have been prevented? Explain your ideas.Analytical ListeningTour Guide: OK, everyone, heres our next exhibit. Do yo

41、u see the body of the little bird in that bottle? That is a dusky seaside sparrow. It was an old male that died on June 16, 1987. Its kind of sad because he was the very last dusky seaside sparrow in the world. Theyre now extinct. Yes, you have a question?Male: Do you know why they became extinct?To

42、ur Guide: Basically, they lost their habitat. See, the dusky seaside sparrow lived only in one placeon Merritt Island in Florida. The island had a lot of mosquitoes and wetlands. The people on Merritt Island used chemicals to kill the mosquitoes.To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningTour G

43、uide: Those chemicals were also very harmful to the sparrows, and many died. In addition, the people on Merritt Island tried to control and exploit the wetlands. As they altered them, the wetlands were no longer a good habitat for the sparrows. The birds died one by one until there werent any left.F

44、emale: So, if people were to blame, cant we make sure something like that never happens again?Tour Guide: Were trying. The situation with the dusky seaside sparrow makes one thing very clear. We need to protect endangered animals. However, its a better strategy to protect the animals andtheir habita

45、ts, too. After all, if an animals habitat is destroyed, the animal will likely become extinct.To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningTour Guide: Were trying. The situation with the dusky seaside sparrow makes one thing very clear. We need to protect endangered animals. However, its a better

46、 strategy to protect the animals andtheir habitats, too. After all, if an animals habitat is destroyed, the animal will likely become extinct. Thats why the Endangered Species Act, which was passed in the United States in 1973, protects both endangered animals and their habitats. For example, the st

47、eelhead trout lives in rivers and streams on the west coast of the United Statesthe Columbia River in Washington state for instance. Recently, both the fish and the river came under the protection of the Endangered Species Act.To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningMale: But how can we prot

48、ect large areas such as rivers and forests? No onenot even the governmentcan afford to buy or control all the land that endangered species live on.Tour Guide: Good point. In fact, thats what makes the Endangered Species Act difficult to fully enforce. Theres an ongoing conflict between some landowne

49、rs and the government. Take the case of the gray wolf, for instance. At one time, the wolves were common all over North America, but by the 1930s they were nearly all killed. Then in 1973, the wolves came under the protection of the Endangered Species Act, along with huge areas of landin Wyoming and

50、 Idaho, for example. This angered ranchers. They think they should have the right to shoot wolves that threaten their sheep and cows. To be continued Listening 1 Analytical ListeningTour Guide: So, landowners may understand the need for the protection of endangered species, but its understandable th

51、at they might also feel that the Endangered Species Act violates their rights. Yes? Female: Is the law working? I mean, what is the status of endangered species today in the United States?Tour Guide: Unfortunately, the situation of threatened and endangered animals is worse now than in 1973, even wi

52、th the Endangered Species Act in place. Reports on topics such as habitat loss, deforestation, and overfishing show that the situation for many species is far worse now than it was in 1973. Let me be more specific. Right now over 1,300 species in the United States are listed as endangered or threate

53、ned. Listening 1 To be continued Analytical ListeningTour Guide: And, its important to keep in mind that not many species are ever taken off the list. Since 1973, in fact, only around 39 species have been removed from the Endangered Species list. But that number doesnt indicate the complete story. W

54、hats significant about that number is that only 14 species were removed because they had actually recovered. Nine species became extinct, and the others were removed from the list after scientists found evidence that listing the species had been a mistake in the first place. Meanwhile, another 300 s

55、pecies may soon be added to the list, including a plant, the Las Vegas buckwheat, and an insect, the Miami blue butterfly. So, you see, even with the Endangered Species Act in place, were not making as much progress as we would like. Any more questions? OK, lets move on to the next exhibit. This way

56、, please.Listening 1 Analytical ListeningListening 2 elk n. 駝鹿；麋Yumi 由美（ 人名）Raoul 拉烏爾（人名）hectare n. 公頃（相當于10, 000 平方米）outlaw v. 將（某事）定為非法pose v. （使）擺好姿勢Virginia 弗吉尼亞州（美國州名）Analytical ListeningListening 2 Yosemite National Park: scenic mountain region in east-central California, U.S, which is surroun

57、ded on all sides by national forest lands and encompasses 1,189 square miles. It is internationally recognized for its spectacular cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, and biological diversity. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1984. 約塞米蒂國家公園Analytical ListeningListening 2 Shenandoah N

58、ational Park: a national park in the U.S. state of Virginia. It covers part of the Blue Ridge Mountains (藍領山脈) and is famous for its wonderful scenery. 謝南多厄國家公園Analytical ListeningListening 2 Duck Stamp: a stamp which is issued in the U.S. by the state and national governments. The stamp is required

59、 to hunt waterfowl (水鳥), and money from selling the stamps goes to support the wetlands where waterfowl live. 美國聯邦鴨票Analytical ListeningListening 2 Hunters and their dogs look for animals.Analytical ListeningPrior Knowledge. Discuss the questions with a partner.Listening 2 1. Ducks, quail, turkeys,

60、and pheasants are popular birds to hunt. Elk and deer are popular four-legged animals to hunt. What other animals do you know that are hunted?2. Have you ever gone hunting? If you have, did you like it? If you havent, would you like to try it? Why or why not?Analytical ListeningListening 2 Example A