1、2021/8/141初中英語動詞初中英語動詞不定式講解不定式講解2021/8/142一、作主語，可以用it代替，it叫形式主語，動詞不定式放在后面叫真正主語1To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2. Its dangerous to drive very fast.2021/8/143二、作表語My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是馬上給他打電話。如果主語部分含實義動詞do，且作表語的動詞又是“do”的內容，這時表語不定式

2、的“to”可以省略。如：All I did was wait here. 我能做的就是在這里等。2021/8/144三、常可接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(決定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失敗), want(想要), begin(開始), would like(想要)等。He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已決心去鄉下。2021/8/145四、“疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”結構可以作動詞know、think、find out等的賓語。I dont kn

3、ow who to ask. 我真不知道該問誰。2021/8/146五、“疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”可以作動詞show、teach、ask等后面的直接賓語。She told me where to find the earphone. 她告訴我什么地方可以找到耳機。2021/8/147六、如果賓語太長，可用it作形式賓語，構成“主語 + 謂語 + it + 賓語不足語(名詞或形容詞) + to do sth”結構，謂語動詞常為find、think、feel等。I found it difficult to stop him. 我發現攔截他很困難。2021/8/148七、動詞不定式可以作介詞的賓語

4、。Autumn harvest is about to start. 秋收即將開始。Im worrying about what to do next. 我正愁下一步該怎么辦。2021/8/149八、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞有動賓關系。I have a lot of books to read. 我有許多書要讀。此時，如果動詞不定式動詞為不及物動詞，后面的介詞絕對不能省略。We had only a cold room to live in. 我們只有寒室一間。2021/8/1410九、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞有主謂關系。He is always the first to come a

5、nd the last to leave. 他總是第一個到，最后一個走。十、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞之間只有修飾關系。We have no time to go to town today. 今天我們沒有時間去城里。2021/8/1411十一、作狀語的動詞不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、結果等。Im glad to meet you. 見到你，我很高興。They ran over to welcome the foreign guests. 他們跑過來歡迎外賓。2021/8/1412十二、不定式復合結構“for sb to do sth”可用作主語、表語、定語、狀語等。Its for her

6、 to decide. 這得由她來決定。（表語）There are many books for you to read. 這有許多書供你閱讀。（定語）The book is too difficult for children to read. 這本書太難了，孩子們看不懂。（結果狀語）2021/8/1413不定式復合結構作主語時，需注意：Its + 形容詞 + for / of + sb + to do sth.當上面的形容詞指的是to do sth的性質時，用介詞for。Its dangerous for children to swim in the river. 孩子在這條河里游泳很危

7、險。（游泳這件事情危險）當上面的形容詞指的是sb的性質時，用介詞of。這些形容詞往往修飾人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, carelessIt was careless of you to do that. 你這么做真粗心。（你這個人粗心）2021/8/1414十三、動詞hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的動詞不定式作賓語補足語時不能帶to, 即常見的形式為: hear sb do sth等Many people

8、like to watch others play games. 許多人喜歡看別人玩游戲.2021/8/1415十四、let, make, have后面的動詞不定式作賓語補足語, 也不能帶to; help后面的動詞不定式作賓語補足語, to可有可無She let us meet her at the station, but she didnt come. 她讓我們去車站迎接她,卡她沒有來.2021/8/1416十六、跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞還有: ask, beg, leave, like, love, hate, prefer, order, teach, tell, bel

9、ieve, find, know, want, think, understand, would like等形式為: ask sb to do sthWould you like me to visit him? 要不要我拜訪他?I would prefer you not to come tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天不要來.He ask the driver to stop the motobike. 他要那位司機攔下那輛摩托車.2021/8/1417十七、區別下列詞組的不同含義:like to do sthlike doing sthstop to do sthstop doing s

10、thremember to do sthremember doing sthforget to do sthforget doing sth2021/8/1418十八、It takes sb some time to do sth.花費某人一段時間干某事.It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小時做回家作業.It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book.吉姆花了一個半小時看這本書.It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework.母親花了一個半小時干家務.2021/8/1419用漢字表述上面的句型為: