1、名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~的方法1. 在名詞后面加-y 可以變成形容詞(尤其是一些與天氣有關(guān)的名詞)。例如： rain rainy, cloud cloudy, wind windy, snow snowy, health healthy, luck lucky 等。注意： 1)如果名詞以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，這時應(yīng)雙寫詞尾的輔音字母再加 -y。 如：sunsunny, fun funny 等。 2)少數(shù)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~時，應(yīng)去掉 e 再加 -y。例如： noisenoisy, iceicy 等。2. 一些抽象名詞在詞尾加-ful 可以變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如： carecare

2、ful, thank thankful, helphelpful, use useful, beauty beautiful等。3. 一些表示國家的名詞可以在詞尾加-ese, -ish 或-n 構(gòu)成表示國籍、語言的形容詞。例如：china chinese, japan japanese, england english, americaamerican, indiaindian, australia australian( 注意 canada canadian) 。4.在名詞后加 -ous 變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如：danger dangerous 等。5. 在名詞后加 -ly 變?yōu)樾稳菰~。例如：fr

3、iend friendly, love lovely 等。6.在名詞后加-less 構(gòu)成含有否定意義的形容詞。例如：care careless(粗心的 )， useuseless(無用的 )，hopehopeless(沒希望的 )，homehomeless(無家可歸的 )等。7. 一些以 -ence 結(jié)尾的名詞， 把 ence改為 ent 變成形容詞。 例如：difference different, silencesilent 等。二、動詞變?yōu)槊~的方法1.詞形不變， 詞性改變。 例如： work, study, water, plant等可以用作動詞，也可以用作名詞。2. 一些動詞在詞尾加

4、上-er 或-or 之后就變成了表示 “某一類人” 的名詞。例如： work worker, teachteacher, sing singer, jump jumper, play player, learn learner, visit visitor, invent inventor等。注意： 1)以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加-r 。例如： drive driver, writewriter等。2)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-er。例如： run runner, win winner ， begin beginner 等。3. 在動詞

5、詞尾加-ing變成名詞 (方法與動詞變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞的方法相同)。例如：meetmeeting, build building, wait waiting, wash washing, swim swimming, shop shopping, begin beginning 等。三、形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~的方法一般在形容詞的詞尾加-ly 可以變成副詞。 例如：quick quickly, slow slowly, loud loudly, suddensuddenly 等。但是，以下幾點值得注意：1. 一些以“輔音字母 +y” 結(jié)尾的形容詞， 要把 y 改為 i 再加 -ly 。 例如：happy ha

6、ppily, angryangrily, lucky luckily, heavy heavily, noisy noisily 等。2. 有些以 -ble 或-le 結(jié)尾的形容詞，去掉 e 加-y。例如： possible possibly, terrible terribly等。3. 少數(shù)以 e 結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e 再加 -ly。例如： true truly 等。但絕大多數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞仍然直接加-ly。例如： polite politely, wide widely 等。4. 以-l 結(jié)尾的形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~時仍然要在詞尾加-ly ，而不是只加-y。除非是以 -ll 結(jié)尾的才在詞尾只加

7、 -y。例如： usualusually, careful carefully, useful usefully, full fully 等。動詞變名詞小結(jié)1.在詞尾加er,r ,雙寫加 er 或 or: a. play _ player, sing _ singer, wait _ waiter , find _ finder, thrill _ thriller b. write _ writer, drive _ driver, come _ comer, explore _ explorer dance _ dancer c. run _ runner, win _ winner, r

8、ob _ robber, traval _ travaller d. visit _ visitor, invent _ inventor 2. 在詞尾加ing: build _ building, draw _ drawing, end _ ending, begin _ beginning, swim _ swimming ， skate _ skating, feel _ feeling, say _ saying, mean _ meaning, cross _ crossing ， surf _ surfing, paint _ painting 3.在詞尾加ion 或去 e 加 i

9、on: a. decide _ decision, describe _ description, produce _ production, celebrate _ celebration,pronounce _ pronunciation, decorate _ decoration graduate _ graduation,frustrate - frustration,pollute _ pollution contribute _ contribution, congratulate _ congratulation, educate _ education ，organize _

10、 orgnization,donate _ donation, appreciate _ appreciation，operate _ operation, invite _ invitation b. discuss _ discussion, invent _ invention, attract _ attraction impress _ impression,inject _ injection,instruct _ instruction 4.其它：know _ knowledge, please _ pleasure, enjoy _ enjoyment, practise _

11、practice ， die _ death, succeed _ success, weigh _ weight, sit _ deat, change _ chance ，enter _ entrance,fly _ flight, rob _ robbery, discover _ discovery， faile _ failure,appear _ appearance, breathe _ breath 動詞變形容詞小結(jié)1.詞尾加 ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,thank - thankful peace - p

12、eaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.詞尾加 d 或 ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate

13、 - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.詞尾加 ing: interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - exciting develop - developing, frighten - frightening,thrill - thyrilling frustrate - fr

14、ustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - living rock - rocking, sleep - sleeping 4.詞尾變 y 為 i,加 ed: worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrified satisfy - satisfied 5.詞尾加 able: know - knowledgeable, enjoy - enjoyabe,suit - suitable adjust - adjustable, comfort - comfortable 6.其它：lose

15、- lost, fool - foolish, live - lively / alive /living, sleep - sleepy / sleeping / asleep,wake - awake, taste - tasty speak - spoken, break - broken, die - dead, educate - aducational, world - worldwide to 后跟動名詞，不跟動詞原形的情況。用法歸納由于 to 既可用作介詞，也可用作不定式符號，所以許多人在其后接動詞時，弄不清到底該用動詞原形，還是用動名詞。 介詞 to 后接動名詞的常考結(jié)構(gòu)27

16、 個，并根據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)特點，分為以下四類：一、動詞 +介詞 to+動名詞 1. admit to doing sth 承認做了某事2. apply to doing sth 適用于做某事 3. object to doing sth 反對做某事4. see to doing sth 負責(zé)做某事5. stick to doing sth 堅持做某事6. take to doing sth 喜歡上做某事，逐漸習(xí)慣做某事應(yīng)用實例：he admitted having stolen the money. 他承認偷了錢。these methods apply to learning english. 這些方

17、法適用于英語學(xué)習(xí)。he objected to being treated like a child. 他反對被當(dāng)作小孩子看待。reporters should stick to investigating the facts. 記者應(yīng)堅持調(diào)查事實。soon he took to sleeping late. 不久他就養(yǎng)成了睡懶覺的習(xí)慣。二、動詞 +賓語 +介詞to+動名詞專心致力于做某事把 獻給做某事9. devote oneself to doing sth 獻身于做某事10. limit sth to doing sth 把限制在做某事的范圍內(nèi)11. reduce sb to doing

18、 sth 使某人淪為做某事12. give o ne s life to doing sth 獻身于做某事13. give one s mind to doing sth 專心做某事14. have a dislike to doing sth 厭惡做某事15. have an eye to doing sth 注意做某事15. have an eye to doing sth 16. have an objection to doing sth 反對(反感 )做某事 17. pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事18. set one s mind to doing

19、 sth 決心做某事應(yīng)用實例：she applied herself to learning english. 她專心學(xué)習(xí)英語。hunger reduced them to stealing. 饑餓使他們淪落為盜賊。she devoted herself to helping the poor. 她致力于幫助窮人。i have a strong dislike to playing cards for money. 我極討厭打牌賭博。he has a strong objection to getting up so early.他很反感這么早就起床。你應(yīng)該更注意團結(jié)那些自己意見不同的人一道工作。三、 be+形容詞 (含過去分詞 )+介詞 to+動名詞 19. be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能勝任做某事20. be us