1、.WORD.格式.情態(tài)動詞，考點、熱點回顧【詞匯辨析】1. sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:sometimes: "有時” =at times. He is sometimes late for school.some times: "幾次" I have been to Nanjing some times.sometime: “某時亥I bought it sometime last spring.We ll meet again sometime next week.some time:"段時間“

2、 We have to stay here for some time.2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞；都表示許多。例如：許多書許多牛奶(2)a few 和a little都表示"有一點兒"，側(cè)重于肯定，相當于"some”,但a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，例如：He has a few friends in London.-Would you like some coffee?-Yes, just a little.(3)few 和l

3、ittle表示"幾乎沒有"，側(cè)重 否定。few后接可數(shù)名詞，little后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：He is a strange man. He has few words.Hurry up, there is little time left.【固定搭配】加-ingbe busy doing sth. 忙于做 eg: Mother is busy cooking.look forward to + doing sth. 期待做 eg: Tomlooks forward to seeing his father again.Thank you for (doing) sth.為

4、了 感謝你 eg: Thank you for your help.have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.=have a good time doing stheg: I had a good time playing in the water.have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困難eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.【情態(tài)動詞】又叫情態(tài)助動詞。它們具有以下特點:

5、它們必須與其他動詞連用，即：情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形表示說話人對所述動作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或懷疑等。絕大多數(shù)情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,即第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s(以be和have開頭的情態(tài)動詞短語除外)。在意義上，情態(tài)動詞具有“多義性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允許等意義。【情態(tài)動詞的基本用法】1. can的基本用法:表示體力或智力上的能力，即“ 能夠，會:可與be able to轉(zhuǎn)換。例： He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.-Can you play basketball?-No, I can' t.

6、如果表示 將來 具備的能力,要用 will be able to 。例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示許可，主要用于口語，書面語一般用may。例： Can we go home now, please?-No, you can' t .You can only smoke in this room.You can' t keep the library books for more than a month.表示“可能”，與may同義，但一般用在疑問句中。例： What can he po

7、ssibly want?在否定句中，否定形式can' t表示推測“不大可能”。例： Anybody can make mistakes.The news can' t be true.與第一、二人稱連用時，還可以就可能的解決問題的方式或可能的行為提出建議。在這里,也可用could使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)。例：Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我們可以再見面嗎？What shall we do?我們怎么辦呢？一We can / could try asking Lucy for help.我們可以請露茜幫忙試試看。You can / could hel

8、p me with the cooking.你可以幫我做飯。2. may的基本用法 表示“許可”，用can比較口語化。例： You may / can come ifyou wish.You may not pick flowers in this park.(may not表示按規(guī)定不許可，如果用如果你想來，你就來。本公園內(nèi)不許摘花。mustn' t則表示說話人不許可。）MayI smoke here?-No, you mustn' t.我可以在這里抽煙嗎?不行。（mustn' t表示明確的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推測，“可能”。例：It may rain tomorr

9、ow.明天可能會下雨。The news may not be true.注意：如果 在言問句中表示“可能這個消息可能不會是真的。,通常用 can|o例：Can it be true?那會是真的嗎?.專業(yè)資料.整理分享.Who can he be?他究竟是誰呢?【注意：May I/we ?mustn' t . Yes, you may./ No, you3. must的基本用法.WORD.格式.表示必須，強調(diào)說話人的主觀意志。例：I must go now, or I ' ll be late.You must be here by ten o ' clock.【注意】：

10、表示"必須"時，must的否定式為needn" t ",或don' t have to ,而不是mustn' t。 也就是：一Must I/we do it now ?-Yes, you must . No, you needn' t 1/ pon' t have to .例:一Must I go with them?- No you .表示推測，一般只用于肯定陳述句,表示非常肯定。例：She didn ' t look at me. She must be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生氣了。He is goo

11、d at English. He must know the word.他英語好，準知道這個詞。You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是瓊斯先生吧。4. have to 的基本用法：have to可視為情態(tài)動詞，但它與其他情態(tài)動詞在用法上稍有不同。其他情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的 變化，而have to卻有人稱和數(shù)的變化，要視主語的不同而變化。例：I / You / We / They have to .He / She / It has to .You don' t have to .Does she have to ?have to =have got to ,意思是“必須

12、，不得不“。和must不同之處：must強調(diào)主觀需要have to強調(diào)客觀需要。例：Sorry, I have to leave now.對不起，現(xiàn)在我得走了。I ' ve got to go to a meeting. 我得去參加一個會議。Will he have to work deep into the night?他將不得不工作到深夜嗎？5. need的基本用法：need的基本詞義是“需要”，它既可作情態(tài)動詞，又可作實義動詞 。need用作情態(tài)動詞時，只用于否定句和疑問句。它只有一種形式，后接動詞原形。例：I don ' t believe youneed worry.

13、 我相信你沒有必要焦急。 Need we go so soon?我們需要這么早就去嗎？-Yes, we must. / No, we needn' t . 是的，必須。/不，不必。So I needn' t tell him, need I?所以我不需要告訴他，對吧？請比較以下兩句話的不同意思：You needn' t buy the coat.你沒有必要買那件外衣。（你還沒買）You needn' t have bought the coat.你沒有必要買這件外衣的。（而你卻買了）【注意】：一Need I/we ?Yes, you must ./ - No,

14、you needn' t / don' t have to .need用作援義動詞時,有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。如果人作主語，一般后接帶to的動詞不定式。即 need to do sth ；.專業(yè)資料.整理分享.WORD.格式.如果物作主語，一般后用 need to be done 或need doing sth 。例如：I need to look up this word in the dictionary.My watch needs mending/to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。We don' t need to work today.(= We

15、 needn' t work today.)Does he need to go right now?(= Need he go right now?)6. had better 的基本用法：had bette r常略作'd better 。現(xiàn)代語法認為它是一個助動詞，因為它后接不帶to的動詞不定式。had better do sth 意思是“最好做某事；還是做某事比較好”。例：You' d better get some sleep.你最好睡一會兒。You' d better not do that again.你最好別再做那件事。What had we be

16、tter do now?我們現(xiàn)在怎么做才好呢？Hadn' t we better tell her the truth?我們是否最好不告訴她真相 ？注意: You' d better .表示勸告或委婉的命令，對長輩不宜使用。7. could, should, would, might表示推測:.must多用于肯定句中表示 把握性極大的推測，意思為“ 一定、肯定”。如：You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你已辛苦工作一整天了 ，一定累了。The book must be his. His name is on the c

17、over.這本書一定是他的，封面上寫著他的名字。【注意】must不表推測時，在肯定句中意思為“必須（強調(diào)內(nèi)在的職責）”，在 否定句中意思為“不 許、禁止“，以它開頭的疑問句否定回答常用needn' t或don' t （doesn ' t） have to 。如:We must obey the traffic rules.我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。Cars mustn ' t be parked here.此處嚴禁停車。一Must we hand in the papers this week?我們必須本星期交論文嗎？1. No, you needn ' t

18、.不，你們不必（本星期交）。.can / could多用于否定句、疑問句 或感嘆句中表示推測、懷疑，兩者在時間上沒有差別。用 can 時不相信的程度更強一些，can' t |常常譯為| “不可能”。如:The man under the tree can ' t be Tom He' s gone to England.這個人不可能是Tom,他已經(jīng)去英國了。Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy?他被一個五歲的孩子愚弄了，這能是真的嗎？Could this be an excuse? 這會不會是個

19、借口 ？How can you be so careless!你怎么這樣粗心 ！.may / might 多用來表示 把握性不大的推測，意思為“也許、可能"，might比may的把握性更小 一些。maynot心否定句中常常譯為| “可能不”卜（注意區(qū)分“不可能”與“可能不”在把握性大小上的差異。）如：Mr. Wang may know Professor Li ' s telephone n umber.王先生也許知道李教授的電話號碼。This might be the key Tom has been looking for.這可能就是湯姆一直在找的鑰匙。She may n

20、ot be there today.今天她可能不在那兒。典型例題 【中考鏈接】.專業(yè)資料.整理分享.()1. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?No, it be him. Mr. Li is much taller.A. mustn ' tB. may noC. can ' tD.needn ' t()2.- Must I go with them tomorrow ?No , you.C. needn'tD. can'tA. mustn'tB. shouldn't()3. 一 I take

21、 some photos in the hall?No, you.D. May, mustn ' tA. Can, needn ' t B. M ust, mustn ' t C. Could, won ' t()4.- Dad, must I finish my homework today?No, you. You may do it tomorrow.A. needn ' t B. mustn ' t C. don ' t D. won()5.- The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? I

22、t.Look, some kids are swimming in it.A. must be trueB. can ' t be true C. may not be true()6.- What is your mother going to do this Saturday?一I ' m not sure. She go to see my grandmother.A. canB. mustC. may()7. Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It be very expensive. I never

23、 even dream about it.A. must B. mightC. can ' t D. shouldn ' t()8. Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall? No, itbe him. He has gone to Japan.A. needn ' tB. may notC. mustn ' tD. can ' t()9. Let; s go to the West Hill Park by taxi. Oh, it is not far away from he

24、re. We take a taxi.A. couldn ' t B. mustn ' t C. needn ' t D.can' t()10. Can you play the piano? Yes, I. I often practice it on weekends.A. needn ' t B. need C. can' t D. can三、課后練習一、 用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better的適當形式填空：2. You return the library book on time.3.

25、I(not) find the way to the hospital.you show me the way?4. I finish the work right now?No, you(not). You do it later.5. He said he(not) come tonight.6. Her mother was ill. She stay at home and look after her.7. It ' s time for class. You stop playing football or you belate for class.8. We start

26、right now, or they would get there first.9. The cloud is lifting, so it(not) be a rainy day tomorrow.、選擇填空()1. Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you.A. must B. canC. may D. need()2. Must I be in hospital for a week, Doctor?No, you . You can go back home tomorrow.A. mustn' tB

27、.needn' tC. must()3. The desk is not dirty. You clean it.A. mustn' t B. shouldn ' tC. needn' tC. can' t()4. May I watch TV for a while ?No, you. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn ' t B. needn ' t C. mustn ' t D. won ' t()5. Is Jessica giving us a s

28、peech this evening?No, it beher. She to Japan.A. mustn't; has gone B.mustn' t ;has beenC. can't ;has goneD.can' t ;has been()6. It ' s the library! So you know shouting is not allowed here.A. canB. mustC. needD. may()7. Boys and girls, don' t forget your report . It today.A.

29、can' t fin ishB. can' t be finishedC. should finishD. should befinished()8. Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. No, he ,because he didn ' t know my address.A. couldn ' tB. can' tC. mustn' tD. may not()9. Must I mop up the window now? No, you.A. needn' t B.

30、can' tC. shouldn ' tD. mustn' t()10. Is Lucy knocking at the door? No. It be Lucy. She is in Japan now.A. needn ' t B. must C. can' t()11. Another cup of coffee?No, thanks. I be off. Mary is waiting for me.A. can B. may C. must D. might()12. I' m a little tired. Let ' s g

31、o to the zoo by taxi. We take a taxi. It ' s not far from here.A. can ' tB. mustn ' tC. couldn ' tD. needn ' t()13. If the traffic light is red, you cross the road. It' s very dangerous.A. don ' tB. mustn ' t C. needn' t D. wouldn ' t()14. Must I finish wateri

32、ng the flowers now? No, you.A. must B.won' t C. needn ' t D. can ' t()15. I can ' t give up smoking, doctor. For your health, I' m afraid you.A. may B. can C. have to D. must()16. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should

33、 D. would()17. Our class won the English speaking contest. Congratulations! You be very proud of it.A. can B. need C. would D. must()18. Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?一I ' m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. Heknow.A. can B. may C. need D. shall()19. I borrow these mag

34、azines? Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.A. Must B. Would C. May D. Need()20. If the traffic light is red, you cross the road. It' s dangerous.A. don ' t B. needn ' t C. mustn ' t D. wouldn ' t.WORD.格式.典型例題例1答案 C 分析：表示否定的猜測用can' t 。 must表示推測時，意為“一定”，只能用于肯定

35、句，而must的否定must not (mustn't )表示"不應該"、"不許可"、"不準"、"禁止"等。例2答案 C分析：在回答帶有 must的問句時，否定式常用need not (= needn't) ,表示"不必”，而不用must not ,因為 must not表示"不可以"。例3答案D 分析：本題第一句是請求對方的允許，需要用May,其否定式為 mustn' t。例4答案A對于以情態(tài)動詞 must提問的疑問句，否定回答要用“No,主語+needn' t”, 故由問句中的 must 和答句中的No可選Ao例5答案B例6答案C