1、專題四學會使用復雜結構進行寫作專題四學會使用復雜結構進行寫作 在現在的高考考試說明中，關于高考英語書面表達評分標準第五檔(很好)中有這樣一段話：“應用了較多的語法結構和詞匯；語法結構或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，但是為盡力使用較復雜結構或較高級詞匯所致。”這就是說，學生僅運用基礎的詞匯和基本的句型，并不能體現出較強的語言運用能力，在這種情況下即使書面表達無語法錯誤，也不能得高分；相反在書面表達中有意識地使用復雜結構或較高級詞匯，即使會出現一些錯誤，也不扣分，仍屬于寫作最高檔。這是評分原則所體現的對考生的寬容態度，旨在鼓勵考生在寫作中有意識地嘗試呈現幾處高級語法結構，如省略句、強調句、倒裝句、感嘆句、虛

2、擬句等。這樣就能使短文出彩，讓閱卷者心動，從而提高書面表達的分數。 但要注意：使用復雜結構寫作時，要把握好尺度，合理運用，切莫堆砌，避免矯揉造作、無病呻吟。一般來說，使用如下復雜結構能增強表達效果，提升短文評分檔次。一、強調句。可對時間、地點、原因、方式等狀語進行強調，以突出重點。對謂語動詞也可通過增加助動詞的形式來進行語意強調。二、倒裝句。合理改變句子的正常語序，并使句子在意義、程度或語氣上發生變化，從而體現修辭效果，以吸引讀者的好奇心和注意力。三、感嘆句。多用于文章的開頭或結尾，能充分、生動地傳達作者的思想感情，渲染文章的情感因素，活躍文章的氣氛。四、省略句。能突出重點信息，縮小交流間隔，

3、簡化表達程序，簡潔、明快、直接，穿透力強，從而增加語言表達效果。五、替代詞。往往能使行文簡潔流暢，避免重復啰嗦。六、進行時態。進行時態與always連用時往往表示說話人強烈的愛憎等感情色彩。七、被動句。有時候使用被動句更符合語意表達需要。八、否定句。許多時候否定句或雙重否定句比肯定句更能體現寫作者的觀點和態度等，尤其在一些特定句型中。九、插入語。合理的使用可調整句子結構，能增加句式的靈活性，增強表達的準確性。十、虛擬語氣。表達寫作者的愿望、假設、懷疑、猜疑、建議等內心豐富情感，具有感染力。十一、比喻、擬人等修辭手法。修辭能給讀者留下鮮活深刻的印象，具有強大的感染力，起到說理透徹、入木，說事生動

4、、鮮活的作用。 請閱讀下面幾組例句，試分析使用復雜結構或句型所能增強的表達效果。1. In the eighteenth century Alexander Pope wrote the finest poetry in England. (一般結構)In the eighteenth century it was Alexander Pope who wrote the finest poetry in England. (強調句)2. We can save the earth only by changing the way we live.(一般結構)Only by changing

5、the way we live can we save the earth.(倒裝句)3. Oceans are able to clean themselves, but certain seas are not able to clean themselves.(一般結構)Oceans are able to clean themselves, but certain seas are not able to do so.(省略句) 4. I am very glad to hear from you again.(一般結構)How nice to hear from you again！

6、(感嘆句)5. I quite agree with you.(一般結構)I cant agree with you more.(否定句)6. This is the best hotel you can find here.(一般結構)You cant find a better hotel here.(否定句)Nowhere else can you find a better hotel.(倒裝句) 1. 請使用不同的句式改寫下列句子。I hope to have more time to study in the present working condition.感嘆句：_虛擬句：_

7、強調句(what句式)：_He didnt realize his foolishness until he returned home. 強調句：_He is very clever, but he works without much achievement because of his laziness.倒裝句：_The work was very appealing to me, but it was very boring to my husband. 排比、省略句：_The single mother works in the garden every dawn. 擬人句：_ Ke

8、y：1. 感嘆句：How I hope to have more time to study in the present working condition!虛擬句：If only I had more time to study in the present working condition.強調句：What I hope is to have more time to study in the present working condition.強調句：Not until he returned home did he realize his foolishness./It was n

9、ot until he returned home that he realized his foolishness. 倒裝句：Clever as he is, he works without much achievement because of his laziness.排比、省略句： To me, the working is appealing, but to my husband very boring. 擬人句：Every dawn sees the single mother working in the garden. The excited children rushed

10、into the hall after building the snow-man, and their faces were red with cold.with復合結構：_獨立結構：_He had just lost his way when it began to rain, which made the matter worse. 插入語：_He loves his daughter very much.比喻句：_Many of us allow our children to do junk things, including eating, watching, listening,

11、 talking and playing etc. and then we are surprised to see them grow into helpless citizens. 排比句：_He heard a smokers cough when he turned around the corner. 擬人句：_ Key：with 復合結構：The excited children rushed into the hall after building the snow-man with red faces.獨立結構：The excited children rushed into

12、the hall after building the snow-man, faces red. 插入語：He lost his way. To make the matter worse, it began to rain.比喻句： His daughter is the apple of his eye. 排比句：Many of us allow our children to eat junk, watch junk, listen to junk, talk junk, play with junk, and then we are surprised when they turn o

13、ut to be social junkies.擬人句：A smokers cough greeted his ears when he turned around the corner.2. 請根據漢語提示，用復雜結構完成下列句子。_(疲勞又乏味), they left the cinema when the film started for only half an hour._(不想把衣服撕破), the naughty boy gave up climbing the tree.In fact, he was a man of wisdom, _(尤其是一個富于想象力的人)_(在我看來

14、), students in primary school should place their safety, health above other things._(不知不覺中), we had to say goodbye to the workers, leaving much regret there. Key:2. Tired and bored Not wanting to tear the clothes especially a man full of imagination It is my opinion that/In my opinion Before we knew

15、 it _(過去是操場的地方) now stands another new buildingour library. _(在體育活動方面花了25分鐘), only 12 minutes goes into housework.But Id like to attend the English lectures, _(我可以從中獲得更多) information on British and American cultures. It would_(意義很大) to me to listen to the tape and learn _(內容是什么) in the talk._(我突然想到) I could ask Mr. Zhu to le