1、1上海樂派思國際教育上海樂派思國際教育 小學(xué)英語閱讀方法指導(dǎo)小學(xué)英語閱讀方法指導(dǎo) 主講人：代老師主講人：代老師 熱線：熱線：189035223752上海樂派思國際教育 閱讀理解閱讀理解 5步解題法步解題法3 解題技巧：解題技巧：5 5步解題法步解題法第一步：第一步：先看問題，畫出題干中關(guān)鍵詞，再讀原文。先看問題，畫出題干中關(guān)鍵詞，再讀原文。 先看問題，帶著問題去原文里找答案，題干先看問題，帶著問題去原文里找答案，題干關(guān)鍵詞包括關(guān)鍵詞包括數(shù)字、人名、地名、專有名詞、引號里的詞數(shù)字、人名、地名、專有名詞、引號里的詞等等，這樣比較有目的性。現(xiàn)在問題的形式也比較靈活，有單選，有判斷正誤。先了解問題具體

2、是哪種形式，在閱讀原文的時候才更有針對性尋找答案。4第二步：第二步：通讀全文，抓住重點信息通讀全文，抓住重點信息在閱讀原文的時候一定不要一句一句的看，一句一句的理解。 如果遇上生詞，先不要管它，略過生詞。通讀全文，首先要做的仔細閱讀通讀全文，首先要做的仔細閱讀首末句弄清文章中心思想。首末句弄清文章中心思想。讀完一遍能夠大概明白文章（1）講了一）講了一件什么事件什么事。在閱讀的過程中還要（2）注意抓住重點）注意抓住重點，（3）出現(xiàn)了哪）出現(xiàn)了哪些人物些人物，（4）提到了什么時間，（）提到了什么時間，（5）說到了哪個地點）說到了哪個地點，（6）發(fā)生）發(fā)生了什么事情了什么事情，（7）有哪些關(guān)鍵詞）有

3、哪些關(guān)鍵詞（最好能用筆在原文中做個記號，因為后面的問題一般都和這些關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)）。 有效信息有效信息：即誰誰、什么什么事事、什么時間什么時間、什么地點什么地點、什么原什么原因以及如何發(fā)生因以及如何發(fā)生等有關(guān)或者具體的數(shù)字具體的數(shù)字。5遇到生詞，大膽猜詞，掌握大概的意思遇到生詞，大膽猜詞，掌握大概的意思 在閱讀理解題中，有些句子中的單詞（生詞）不知道是什么在閱讀理解題中，有些句子中的單詞（生詞）不知道是什么意思，我們可以通過猜測單詞的意思對通篇文章進行理解，意思，我們可以通過猜測單詞的意思對通篇文章進行理解，猜測單詞的方法有：猜測單詞的方法有： （1 1）根據(jù)上下文的意思進行猜測）根據(jù)上下文的意思

4、進行猜測 （2 2）根據(jù)單詞的構(gòu)成進行猜測。）根據(jù)單詞的構(gòu)成進行猜測。 （3 3）根據(jù)在句子中的位置給單詞歸類、分類）根據(jù)在句子中的位置給單詞歸類、分類 進行猜測進行猜測 （4 4）判斷其是名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞或其他詞類。）判斷其是名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞或其他詞類。6第三步：定位原文，解剖句子第三步：定位原文，解剖句子 定位原文，解剖句子，就是在讀完一定位原文，解剖句子，就是在讀完一遍文章的基礎(chǔ)上，再遍文章的基礎(chǔ)上，再看看一遍一遍問題問題。帶著題。帶著題干中的干中的關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞迅速迅速回原文定位回原文定位，找出這個，找出這個問題出現(xiàn)在原文的第幾段第幾行。需要注問題出現(xiàn)在原文的第幾段第幾行

5、。需要注意一點，出題的順序由于高度一致，所以意一點，出題的順序由于高度一致，所以一定要在文章當(dāng)中找到出處。許多考生由一定要在文章當(dāng)中找到出處。許多考生由于找不到出處，只能憑第一遍的印象去猜于找不到出處，只能憑第一遍的印象去猜答案，顯然會影響答題的準確性。答案，顯然會影響答題的準確性。7第四步：比較選項定答案第四步：比較選項定答案 在讀懂文章句子的基礎(chǔ)上，再次回到問在讀懂文章句子的基礎(chǔ)上，再次回到問題上來，認真題上來，認真品讀品讀ABCD四個選項中哪一四個選項中哪一個個與原文與原文的意思是的意思是對應(yīng)對應(yīng)的。的。8 反復(fù)閱讀，仔細查找答案，深刻理解反復(fù)閱讀，仔細查找答案，深刻理解 讀讀3-43-

6、4遍，這樣對理解全文是非常有幫助的。遍，這樣對理解全文是非常有幫助的。 （1 1）第一次閱讀）第一次閱讀快速閱讀，初步把握內(nèi)容，了解大意，把那快速閱讀，初步把握內(nèi)容，了解大意，把那些能夠直接找出答案的題做出來些能夠直接找出答案的題做出來 （2 2）第二遍閱讀）第二遍閱讀細讀，就要明白細讀，就要明白原文具體說了一件什么事情原文具體說了一件什么事情，抓住主要內(nèi)容和細節(jié)，標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞語，也可以先瀏覽題目和答案，明抓住主要內(nèi)容和細節(jié)，標(biāo)出關(guān)鍵詞語，也可以先瀏覽題目和答案，明確要求后再看文章，然后選擇答案確要求后再看文章，然后選擇答案 。 （3 3）第三遍閱讀）第三遍閱讀，猜不知道意思的單詞、不理解的句子

7、、勾畫重，猜不知道意思的單詞、不理解的句子、勾畫重點單詞點單詞 （4 4）第四遍通讀全文）第四遍通讀全文，對所做出的答案再確認一遍（檢查是否對，對所做出的答案再確認一遍（檢查是否對錯？）。錯？）。9第五步：主旨態(tài)度最后做第五步：主旨態(tài)度最后做 假設(shè)在多個問題中，假設(shè)在多個問題中，第一問題第一問題就就涉及涉及“文章的中文章的中心思想，作者的寫作意圖或者作者的態(tài)度心思想，作者的寫作意圖或者作者的態(tài)度”此類問題此類問題時，建議考生時，建議考生先跳過別答先跳過別答。因為第一遍閱讀文章時，。因為第一遍閱讀文章時，只是掌握住文章的大意，對文章還沒有一個比較全只是掌握住文章的大意，對文章還沒有一個比較全面的

8、了解。因此可以先完成其他問題，待做完其他面的了解。因此可以先完成其他問題，待做完其他題目后再去做主旨題或是態(tài)度題，這樣準確率會更題目后再去做主旨題或是態(tài)度題，這樣準確率會更高。千萬不要小看這一變化，這類題目做得正確與高。千萬不要小看這一變化，這類題目做得正確與否有可能直接決定著其他選項的正誤。否有可能直接決定著其他選項的正誤。10閱讀理解兩招快讀文閱讀理解兩招快讀文 第一招：未見文章，先知大意第一招：未見文章，先知大意 答題前，應(yīng)先瀏覽每道題目的題干，獲取答題前，應(yīng)先瀏覽每道題目的題干，獲取有用信息，推知文章大意。有用信息，推知文章大意。11第二招：細讀首末段，每段首末句第二招：細讀首末段，每

9、段首末句 文章的首末段和每段的首末句大多是文文章的首末段和每段的首末句大多是文章主旨所在，因此必須仔細閱讀，中間的各章主旨所在，因此必須仔細閱讀，中間的各段一般只看首句即可，有時間的話可以看末段一般只看首句即可，有時間的話可以看末句。這樣，我們就可以基本了解文章的大體句。這樣，我們就可以基本了解文章的大體結(jié)構(gòu)及文意了。結(jié)構(gòu)及文意了。1213 Miss White is a primary school teacher. She teaches math. She is very responsible (負責(zé)) and she loves all the students. Usually s

10、he gets up at 6:20 in the morning. But this morning she gets up at 5:40, because she is on duty today. First, she gets ready for classes at home, and then she goes to school at 6:50. At 7:00, she comes back to school. Then she eats breakfast in the canteen. At 7:20, she stands at the gate (大門) of sc

11、hool and wait for her students to come back school. 1、When does Miss White usually get up in the morning? 2、Why does Miss White get up so early this morning? 3、Where does she eat breakfast? 4、What does Miss White do? 5、Does she get ready for classes this morning? 訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練1閱讀理解閱讀理解14 I like my village .T

12、here are many mountains near my village. There is a river in front of my village. The village is very beautiful in spring. The mountains come green. There are many trees and flowers. The flowers are colourful .There are many ducks in the clean river. Many fish swim happily in the river. But I like s

13、ummer. Its not hot. Its very cool .Do you like my village? Welcome to my village. 根據(jù)上文，判斷正誤，正確的用根據(jù)上文，判斷正誤，正確的用“”，錯誤的用，錯誤的用“”表示。表示。 ( ) 1. There are many houses on the mountain. ( ) 2. The summer is colorful. ( ) 3. Its not hot in summer. ( ) 4. There are many fish in the river. ( ) 5. Many ducks are

14、 in river in spring.訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練2閱讀理解閱讀理解15 閱讀短文，判斷后面的句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符，相符的打閱讀短文，判斷后面的句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符，相符的打“”，不相符的打不相符的打“”。 Hello! Im John. I am a policeman. I work at night. I drive my car and go to work at 9:00 in the evening every day. So I eat dinner at 8:00. I go home at 5:00 in the morning. I eat breakfast at 5:

15、30 a.m. , then I go to bed. I get up at 1:30 in the afternoon. Usually I eat lunch at 2:00 and read some books at about 2:30. I like to play sports from 4:00 to 5:00. On the weekend, I usually go hiking with my family. ( ) 1. John is a policewoman. ( ) 2. John goes to work at 9:00 in the morning. (

16、) 3. John goes home at 5:00 in the afternoon. ( ) 4. John reads some books in the evening every day. ( ) 5. John usually goes hiking with his family on the weekend.訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練3閱讀理解閱讀理解16訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練4閱讀理解閱讀理解Read and write “T” or “F”（閱讀短文，判斷正（閱讀短文，判斷正“T” 、誤、誤“F”） Its Sunday today。 Its warm . The sky is blue.！ What

17、a lovely day ! So my classmates and I have a picnic . We are having a good time ! Look ! Wu Li and Liu Ping are catching butterflies . The butterflies are very beautiful .Wang Lei is collecting leaves .Oh, where is Wang Ying ? She is in the woods .She is picking up leaves .She likes collecting leave

18、s , too . What am I doing ? HaHa ! I am taking pictures for my classmates . The pictures are very beautiful . We are very happy! I like having a picnic .（）1. It s very cold today .（）2.Wang Ying is in the classroom （）3. Wang Tao and Liu Hua are playing chess （）4. Wu Lei is counting insects （）5. Wu Le

19、i and Wang Ying like collecting leaves 17訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練5閱讀理解閱讀理解判斷對錯判斷對錯 ，正，正“T” “T” 、誤、誤“F”“F” Hello, Im Mr Black. Im an actor( Hello, Im Mr Black. Im an actor(演員演員). I eat dinner ). I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. Then I go to work. I go home at at 7:00 in the evening. Then I go to work. I go home at 8

20、:00 in the morning. I eat breakfast at 8:20. Then I go to 8:00 in the morning. I eat breakfast at 8:20. Then I go to bed. I often get up at 12:00 at noon. I eat lunch at 12:30. bed. I often get up at 12:00 at noon. I eat lunch at 12:30. I play sports at about 3:00 in the afternoon. I watch TV I play

21、 sports at about 3:00 in the afternoon. I watch TV and read books at 6:00. This is my day. Its busy. But I and read books at 6:00. This is my day. Its busy. But I like my day.like my day.( ) 1. I get up at 8:00 in the morning.( ) 1. I get up at 8:00 in the morning.( ) 2. I eat breakfast at 8:20 in t

22、he morning.( ) 2. I eat breakfast at 8:20 in the morning.( ) 3. I have lunch at 12:30 noon. ( ) 3. I have lunch at 12:30 noon. ( ) 4. I go to bed at 9:00 in the evening. ( ) 4. I go to bed at 9:00 in the evening. ( ) 5. I dont like my day. ( ) 5. I dont like my day. 18訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練6閱讀理解閱讀理解Sun: Hello, Im the

23、 sun. Im strong. I give light to the earth. Im No.1. Moon: Hello, Im the moon. At night Give light to the earth. Im stronger. Im No.1 Sun: Your light is from me, isnt it? Cloud: Dont quarrel. When I am over the earth, you cant give light to the earth. So everyone has his strong point. We are one fam

24、ily. Sun Moon: Yes, youre right. We are one family. We should help each other and take care of each other.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤誤(F)( )1. The sun gives light to the earth at night.( )2.The moon gives light to the earth at night.( )3. The suns light is not from the earth.( )4. When the cloud is over

25、the earth, the sun can give light to the earth, too.( )5. They should help each other.19訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練7閱讀理解閱讀理解根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇答案根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇答案. Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle

26、 goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”“You are wrong, uncle!” says Sam, “Not today or yesterday, but the day before yesterday (前天)!”( )(1).Who

27、 is Sam? A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.( )(2) Whats the Chinese for “dirty”? A. Its “臟的“. B Its “干凈的” C Its “壞的 “ D Its “好的”( )(3) Whats on Sams face and mouth? A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread( )(4) Which of these is not wrong? A Sam doesnt wash his

28、face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesnt like eggs at all. D. Sam doesnt know his uncle.20 Miss Lee is only twenty-one. She is tall and thin, and she has brown, long hair. She likes children and her teaching work. From Monday to Friday she stays at sc

29、hool and gives the children classes. She has much work to do, but she often plays games with her students after school. The children like her very much. On Sunday she drives her car to her fathers house and stays with her father and mother. Sometimes she goes to see her friends on Sunday. She drives

30、 back to school on Monday morning. She likes singing , dancing and swimming. Shes a nice teacher .根據(jù)短文的意思，選擇正確的答案。根據(jù)短文的意思，選擇正確的答案。( )1. Miss Lee is a _ teacher . A. very good B. very old C. good English D. good Chinese ( )2. Which is right ? _ A. She has no work to do after plays with the children .

31、B. She plays with the children from Monday to Friday . C. She likes her students and plays games with them .D. She always (總是) works , but doesnt play at all .( )3. She goes and sees her friends _ .A. every day B. on Sunday C. on Saturday D. on Friday ( )4. Miss Lee goes home _ .A. in her car B. on

32、a bus C. on foot D. by her car ( )5.Miss Lee likes _ .A. driving B. cooking C. running D. teaching 訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練8閱讀理解閱讀理解21 Today is Teachers Day. We dont go to school. Its sunny and Today is Teachers Day. We dont go to school. Its sunny and cool. We are having a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. Sh

33、e cool. We are having a good time with Miss Wang in a nature park. She teaches us math. Shes strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang teaches us math. Shes strict and smart, we all like her. Look! Fang Fang and LingLing are singing and dancing. Bin Bin is picking flowers Fang and LingLing are s

34、inging and dancing. Bin Bin is picking flowers with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit with Dong Dong. Ming Ming is watching a rabbit. Is the rabbit sleeping? Oh, no, its eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch sleeping? Oh, no, its eating carrots. Miss Wang is cooking lunch

35、 for us. Im helping her. Im washing vegetables and fruit. How for us. Im helping her. Im washing vegetables and fruit. How happy we are!happy we are! 根據(jù)短文回答下列問題根據(jù)短文回答下列問題 1. Whats the date today? 1. Whats the date today? 2. Whos Miss Wang? 2. Whos Miss Wang? 3. What are Fang Fang and Ling Ling doing

36、? 3. What are Fang Fang and Ling Ling doing? 4. Whats the rabbit doing? 4. Whats the rabbit doing? 5. Are they having a good time? 5. Are they having a good time? 訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練9閱讀理解閱讀理解22訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練10閱讀理解閱讀理解 My name is Amy. Im from Canada. I usually get up at 6:30, and I often go hiking on the weekend. I like spri

37、ng best. Its windy and warm. And I like winter, too. Because my birthday is in December, and I can play with snow. Today my parents are going shopping. My brother is swinging in the garden. Im watching TV. Do you want to be my friend? My QQ is 408981124, and my telephone number is 6678115. 1. Amy of

38、ten goes hiking_. A. on Sunday B. in spring C. on the weekend. 2. Which is Amys favourite season? 3. -Why does Amy like winter? 4. Is Amys brother going shopping? 5. Whats Amys telephone number? 23訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練11閱讀理解閱讀理解根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（T）誤（F）Mike: Hello. This is Mike. Is that Wu Yifan?Mike: Hello. This is Mike. I

39、s that Wu Yifan?Wu: Yes, this is Wu Yifan. What are you doing, Mike?Wu: Yes, this is Wu Yifan. What are you doing, Mike?Mike: Im watching TV. What are you doing? And how is everybody doing? Mike: Im watching TV. What are you doing? And how is everybody doing? Wu: Just fine. Im doing the dishes. My f

40、ather is writing an e-mail in Wu: Just fine. Im doing the dishes. My father is writing an e-mail in the study. My mother is sweeping the floor. And my brother is playing the study. My mother is sweeping the floor. And my brother is playing chess with my sister.chess with my sister.Mike: What do you

41、do on the weekend?Mike: What do you do on the weekend?Wu: I visit grandparents and go shopping.Wu: I visit grandparents and go shopping.Mike: Do you want to go to the nature park?Mike: Do you want to go to the nature park?Wu: Sure. What time?Wu: Sure. What time?Mike: At 1:30.Mike: At 1:30.Wu: OK. Se

42、e you later.Wu: OK. See you later.Mike: Bye.Mike: Bye.( )1. Wu Yifan is watching TV and Mike is doing the dishes. ( )1. Wu Yifan is watching TV and Mike is doing the dishes. ( ) 2. Wu Yifans father is writing an e-mail in the bedroom.( ) 2. Wu Yifans father is writing an e-mail in the bedroom.( )3.

43、Wu Yifan visits grandparents and goes shopping on the weekend.( )3. Wu Yifan visits grandparents and goes shopping on the weekend.( )4. Wu Yifan wants to go to the Childrens Park at 1:30 with Mike.( )4. Wu Yifan wants to go to the Childrens Park at 1:30 with Mike.( )5. Wu Yifans brother is playing football.( )5. Wu Yifans brother is playing football.24 Hi , Im Sandy . I am a nurse . Im active and pretty .Every day I go to work at 7:50 in the morning. Then I go home at about 5:00 in the afternoon. On Monday and Wednesday evening,I read books . On Thursday and Friday evening ,I have English cl