1、縱覽新版教材和考試的新題型從2013年10月起，自考公共課的英語（二）就要使用2013年版新教材了！本教材是高等教育自學考試各專業（除英語專業外）的本科階段公共基礎課。共14學分。本次出版的新版教材的最大特點就是：通過短文的學習了解世界文化，拓寬知識。英語（二）是水平考試，主要按照設定的標準考查學生的語言能力，會有部分命題來自于教材，所以在學習過程中，要對重點詞匯的各種形式變化和含義加以熟記，文章重點句子要理解透徹，課后練習是緊扣考卷上的各個題型加以設置的，所以要認真完成練習，達到：有的放矢！題型數量分值考查重點是否從教材中出題難度系數出題方式閱讀判斷1010判斷所給信息正誤以及是否在文中提及

2、否*選擇閱讀選擇510大家經常見的閱讀理解否*選擇概括大意和補全句子1010宏觀把握段落信息和定位查找關鍵信息否*選擇填句補文510對文章連貫性、一致性的辨識能力以及把握文章結構有可能*選擇填詞補文1015對文章及語篇中詞匯的理解能力有可能*選擇完型補文1015綜合理解和運用語言的能力否*填空短文寫作130書面表達能力否*寫作unit 1 the power of language學習方法指南五個方面把握文章1）詞 2）句 3）篇 4）義5）背誦或復述重點段落課后習題更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取1）結合課文里出現的點，完成題目2）標記不熟練的題目，當天重復一遍

3、，第二天再重復一遍，考前再重復一遍unit 1 the power of languagea famous quotelanguage is the dress of thought.-samuel johnson語言是思維的外衣。-塞繆爾約翰遜text a critical readingpre-reading questions1.do you usually challenge the idea an author represents? what do you think is active reading?2.what suggestions do you expect the au

4、thor will give on reading critically?vocabulary 詞匯四點要求1.音2.義3.衍生變化4.用法/搭配new wordscriticaladj.involving making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of somebody/something 有判斷力的；判斷公正（或審慎的）non-fictionn.books, articles or texts about real facts, people and events 紀實文學positionn.an opi

5、nion on or an attitude towards a particular subject 觀點；態度；立場statementn.something that you say or write that gives information or an opinion 說明；說法；表態更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取question v.to have or express doubts or suspicions about something 表示疑問；懷疑evaluatevt.to form an opinion of the amount, va

6、lue or quality of something after thinking about it carefully 估計；評價，評估 contextn.the situation in which something happens and that helps you to understand it （事情發生的）背景，環境，來龍去脈value n.values pl. beliefs about what is right and wrong and what is important in life 是非標準；價值觀更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取

7、representv.to present or describe somebody/something in a particular way 描述；表現assertion n.a statement saying that you strongly believe something to be true 明確肯定；斷言sufficient adj.enough for a particular purpose 足夠的；充足的statisticn.statistics pl. a collection of information shown in numbers 統計數字；統計資料int

8、egrate v.to combine two or more things so that they work together （使）合并，成為一體authorityn.a person with special knowledge 專家；學術權威；泰斗comparev.to examine people or things to see how they are similar and how they are different 比較；對比subject n.a thing or person that is being discussed, described or dealt wi

9、th 主題；題目；題材consistent adj.in agreement with something 相符的；符合的inconsistency n.a situation in which two statements are different and cannot both be true 不一致更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取assumption n.a belief or feeling that something is true or that something will happen, although there is no proof 假

10、定；假設case n.a particular situation or a situation of a particular type 具體情況；事例directly adv.in a direct line or manner 直接地；徑直地identify v.to find or discover somebody/something 找到；發現valid adj.based on what is logical or true 符合邏輯的；合理的；確鑿的credible adj.that can be believed or trusted 可信的；可靠的landmark n.an

11、 event, a discovery, an invention, ect.that marks an important stage in something （標志重要階段的）里程碑relevant adj.closely connected with the subject you are discussing or the situation you are thinking about 緊密相關的；切題的current adj.happening now 現時發生的；當前的appropriate adj.suitable, acceptable or correct for the

12、 particular circumstances 合適的；恰當的更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取bias n.a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people, or one side in an argument, often.not based on fair judgement 偏見；偏心；偏向considerably adv.much; a lot 非常；很；相當多地democrat n.a member or supporter of the democratic party of

13、 the us （美國）民主黨黨員，民主黨支持者republicann.a member or supporter of the republican party of the us （美國）共和黨黨員，共和黨支持者reflect v.to show or be a sign of the nature of something or of somebodys attitude or feeling 顯示；表明；表達informed adj.having or showing a lot of knowledge about a particular subject or situation

14、有學問的；有見識的重點詞匯criticaladj.involving making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of somebody/something 有判斷力的；判斷公正（或審慎的）eg: try to develop a more critical attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value.要學會對一切事物一絲不茍, 而不要注重表面現象.其他用法：of or at a crisis; decisive; crucial 危機中的；危

15、急時刻的；決定性的；關鍵的eg: we are at a critical time in our history.我們正處于歷史的緊要關頭。衍生：criticize, criticisevt.更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取 sb/sth （for sth） point out the faults of sb/sth 批評某人某事物；挑剔；非難eg: stop criticizing （my work）! 別再挑剔（我那作品）了! form and express a judgment on （a work of art, literature, etc） 評

16、論（藝術文學等作品）更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取eg: teaching students how to criticize poetry 向學生講授評論詩歌的方法criticismn.looking for faults; pointing out faults 批評evaluate vt.to form an opinion of the amount, value or quality of something after thinking about it carefully 估計; 評價，評估eg: i cant evaluate his abili

17、ty without seeing his work.我沒有看到他的工作情況, 無法評論他的能力。衍生: val=value, worth 價值valuable（有價值的）, invaluable（無法估價的）, devaluate（貶值）, evaluate（估價）, undervalue（低估）consistent adj.in agreement with something 相符的；符合的 用法: be with stheg：what you say now is not consistent with what you said last week.你現在說的話與你上星期說過的話不相

18、符。衍生：consistency 一致inconsistency 不一致identify vt.to find or discover somebody/ something 找到；發現eg：she identified the man as her attacker.她認出那個男人就是襲擊過她的人。衍生：identificationn.means of proving who one is; official papers that do this 身份證明更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取eg： can i see your identification, pl

19、ease? 請給我看看你的身分證件行嗎? identityn who or what sb/sth is 身份eg：there is no clue to the identity of the thief.沒有確定竊賊身份的線索。identity card （also id card） 身份證（通常有相片，供本人攜帶或佩帶）credibleadj.that can be believed or trusted 可信的；可靠的eg: a credible witness/statement/report 可信的證人/陳詞/報道衍生：-able/ible “可的，能的”believable可信的

20、，acceptable 可接受的，desirable值得要的，accessible可接近，flexible 靈活的credibilityn.quality of being believable 可信性；可靠性-ability/ibility “可性”: eg: adaptability 適應能力, dependability 可靠性apply vi. （to sb/sth） be relevant （to sb/sth）; have an effect （與某人/某物）有關；有效；適用更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取eg: these rules dont al

21、ways apply.這些規則并非總能行得通。make a formal request 申請；請求 apply for stheg: apply for a post/passport/visa 申請職位/護照/簽證apply to sbeg: i applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.我申請了四所大學，并都被他們錄取了。課文學習議論文把握觀點：中心觀點、段落觀點把握結構：文章結構、段落結構、銜接手段topic sentence （主題句）topic （主題） controlling idea（觀點）篇章核心

22、，段落靈魂beijing is a modern city.beijing is an ancient city.結構總分總 總分段落構成更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取1.主題句（topic sentence）：點出段落的主題（談論什么）。2.擴展句（developing sentence）：說明和支持主題。3.結尾句（concluding sentence）：得出結論。文章觀點論證結論text a critical readingcritical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the autho

23、r puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement.critical reading is active reading.it involves more than just understanding what an author is saying.critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying.here

24、 are the things you should do to be a critical reader.更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取consider the context of what is written.you may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours.or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different t

25、ime context than yours.in either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.question assertions made by the author.dont accept what is written at face value.before accepting what is written, be certain that the

26、 author provides sufficient support for any assertions made.look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support.also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.compare what is written with other written work on the subject.look to see that what is written is consiste

27、nt with what others have written about the subject.if there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies.更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取analyze assumptions made by the author.assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make

28、assertions.in many cases, the authors assumptions are not directly stated.this means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.evaluate the sources the author uses.in doing this, be certain tha

29、t the sources are credible.for example, einstein is a credible source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics.also be certain that the sources are relevant.einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.finally, if the author is writing about a subject in its cu

30、rrent state, be sure that the sources are current.for example, studies done by einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取identify any possible author bias.a written discussion of amer

31、ican politics will likely look considerably different depending on whether the writer is a democrat or a republican.what is written may very well reflect a biased position.you need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author has written.that is, take what is written with a g

32、rain of salt.by being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate.critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying.here are the things you should do to be a cr

33、itical reader.1）consider the context of what is written.2）question assertions made by the author.3）compare what is written with other written book on the subject.4）analyze assumptions made by the author.5）evaluate the sources the author uses.6）identify any possible author bias.語法學習1.把握結構，理解內涵2.結合例句，

34、結合文章關系副詞引導的定語從句先行名詞+where/ in（on/at） which eg: college is a place where/in which we learn how to learn.大學是學會如何學習的地方。更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取forest is a place where people can get close to nature.森林是可以接近自然的地方。先行名詞+when/in（on/at） whicheg: ill never forget the day when we first met in the park.我

35、將永遠不會忘記我們在公園第一次相遇的那一天。先行名詞+why/for which更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取eg: do you know the reason why he didnt come to the meeting yesterday morning？你知道他為什么沒有參加昨天早上會議的原因嗎？what is active reading? what is a critical reader?exercises i1.reading non-fiction writing critically involves _.a.supporting the

36、 authors opinionb.developing your own opinionsc.understanding what is writtend.reading without any imagination【答】b【解】此題為句意理解題。由文中第一段critical reading involves questioning and evalating what the author is saying,and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying 可知，非文學類作品的批評性閱讀是要提出自己的觀點和擺明自

37、己的態度，選項b,即提出自己的觀點，最為恰當。答案為b。2.before accepting what is written in an article, you should be sure that_.a.enough support for the assertions has been givenb.your values and attitudes have been, reflected in itc.it has been checked from an authoritative sourced.you have found the differences in the wri

38、ting styles【答】a【解】此題為句意理解題。由文中第三段第三句，before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made 可知，選項a符合文中意思，即你在接受作者的觀點之前，要確信有足夠的論據支持作者的論點。答案為a。更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取3.if there are some inconsistent points in the article, you should_.a.i

39、nsist on your own opinion and confirm itb.avoid mentioning the inconsistenciesc.emphasize the work of authoritiesd.examine the authors supportive statements【答】d更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取【解】此題為句意理解題。由文中第四段末句，if there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the

40、 inconsistencies 可知，最符合原文，即如果文章中有不一致的觀點時，你要仔細閱讀并檢查作者所提出的支持其論點的論證。答案為d。4.einstein is a relevant source when the article is about_a.physical breakthroughsb.the subject of poetryc.studies in current physicsd.credible writing sources【答】a【解】此題為細節題。由文中第六段第三句,einstein is a credible source if the author is

41、writing about landmark achievements in physics 可知，如果文章講的是關于物理學的突破時，愛因斯坦就是相關的例子。答案為a。5.the author believes that by being a critical reader you can_ .a.remember what is written clearlyb.eliminate your own discriminationc.have much more knowledged.spend more time in reading【答】c【解】此題為文章大意總結題。由課文最后一段結束句，

42、by being a critical reader, you will become better informed and may change your views as appropriate 可知，課文結束說通過做一名有判斷力的讀者，你會變得見多識廣，也能使你的觀點更恰當，所以選項c最符合課文的意思。答案為c。exercise ii更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取section a名詞后綴 -ability, -ibility credible-credibility-ence,ency independent-independence efficien

43、t-efficiency-mentmove-movement, agree-agreement-ion, -sion, -tion act-action, elect-election副詞后綴更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取-ly careful-carefully, possible-possibly前綴否定前綴in- inaccurate, incapable, injustice在m, p, b前變成im- immoral, impossible, imbalance 1.these results are _ with the findings of th

44、e previous study.（consistent, consistency）【答】consistent【解】be consistent with 固定短語，意為與相符。其中be動詞are后面應該是表語形容詞consistent，而consistency 是名詞形式。答案為consistent。2.we were not surprised by their_ that the train services would be reduced.（state, statement）【答】statement【解】statement，名詞，說明、表態，而state 表示“陳述”時是動詞，做名詞解

45、時是“國度”的意思。答案為statement。3.the statistics _a change in peoples spending habits.（reflect, reflection）【答】reflect【解】譯文：此統計數據反映了人們消費習慣方面的變化。這里句子缺少的是謂語動詞，而reflection是名詞。reflect，動詞，顯示、表明。答案為reflect。4.im afraid your driving license is_ in eastern europe.（valid, invalid）【答】invalid更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass

46、索取【解】譯文：我擔心你的駕駛執照在東歐無效。invalid 是valid 的反義詞，意為“無效的”。答案為invalid。5.twenty-five dollars was_ more than he had expected to pay （considerable, considerably）【答】considerably【解】譯文：二十五美元比他原來估計的多多了。considerably，副詞，很，非常，相當多地。答案為considerably。6.direct _ between the two languages is not possible.（compare, comparis

47、on）更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取【答】comparison【解】譯文：直接對比兩種語言是不可能的。這里空格處的單詞是主語中心詞，主語中心詞不能是動詞。comparison, 名詞，表示“比較，對比”；compare 是其動詞形式。答案為comparison。section bassumption landmarkcritical evaluaterepresent identifycredible appropriate1.in my opinion, there was no _evidence against him.【答】credible【解】句意：我

48、的意見是，沒有反對他的可信的證據。這里against sb.指的是反對某人。形容詞credible 意為可信的。答案為credible。2.even the smallest baby can _its mother by her voice.【答】identify【解】句意：甚至最小的小嬰兒都可以通過聲音來識別辮認出他的母親。本空缺少謂語動詞，identify 意為辨認，辨識，符合題意。答案為identify。3.people tend to make _ about you based on your appearance.【答】assumption更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信

49、：kaopass 索取【解】句意：人們容易根據你的外表做出一些假設。本空缺少賓語，應選用名詞。assumption為名詞，意為假設、假定，符合題意。答案為assumption。4.this new represents_ the current situation in our schools.【答】represents【解】句意：這篇新聞報道描述了我們學校目前的狀況。其中represent，動詞，描述、表現，此處要注意時態。答案為represents。5.the performance of each employee is _ once a year.【答】evaluated更多內容請與q

50、q：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取【解】句意：每年，每一位員工的表現每年都會被評估一次。注意此句子中的被動語態，員工績效被評估，所以動詞evaluate 應為被動式evaluated。答案為evaluated。6.we need to ensure that the teaching they receive is _to their needs.【答】appropriate【解】句意：我們需要確保他們所接受的教育適合他們的需求。appropriate 是形容詞，指的是“合適的”。答案為appropriate。section c1.that bit of the form is

51、for uk citizens 一 it doesnt apply _ you.【答】to【解】譯文：表格的那一部分是針對英國公民的，和你沒關系。apply to，固定搭配，應用，使用。答案為to。2.arguments were put _ for changing some of the rules of the game.【答】forth【解】譯文：爭議之所以產生，是因為要修改該項運動的一些規則。put forth，固定搭配，提出，產生。答案為forth。3.when judging his performance, dont take his age _ account.【答】into

52、【解】o account ，固定搭配，考慮到，顧及。答案為into。4.hes universally recognized as an authority _ russian affairs.【答】on【解】譯文：在俄羅斯事務方面，他被公認為是一個專家。答案為on。5.just compare the one that has been cleaned _ the others.【答】with【解】compare.with 為固定搭配，把和做對比，比較。compare t。把比作。答案為with。更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取6.educati

53、on should be relevant _ the childs needs.【答】to【解】be relevant to，固定搭配，有關的，相關的。答案為to。unit 1 text bthe language of confidencenew words confidence n. a belief in your own ability to do things and be successful 自信心更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取program v. to make a person, an animal, etc. to behave in a

54、particular way, so that it happens automatically 訓練；培養mastery n. control or power 控制；駕馭destiny n. what happens to somebody or what will happen to them in the future, especially things that they cannot change or avoid 命運；天命；天數dramatically adv. suddenly, greatly and often surprisingly 巨大地；驚人地；顯著地quali

55、ty n. the standard of something when it is compared to other things like it; how good or bad sth is 質量；品質subconscious adj. connected with feelings that influence your behavior even though you are not aware of them 下意識的；潛意識的please v. to make somebody happy 使滿意；使愉快command n. an order given to a person

56、 or an animal（給人或動物的）命令knowingly adv. while knowing the truth or likely result of what you are doing 故意地；蓄意地impact n. the powerful effect that something has on somebody/something巨大影響；強大作用matter v. to be important or have an important effect on somebody/something 事關緊要；有重大影響confident adj. feeling sure

57、 about your own ability to do things and be successful 自信的；有自信心的更多內容請與qq：67460666 微信：kaopass 索取sense n. a feeling about something important（對重大事情的）感覺，意識eliminate v. to remove or get rid of something 排除；清除；消除disempower v. to reduce the amount of control that someone has over a situation or over their life 剝奪；使失去權利self-esteem n. a feeling of being