1、新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語上冊第一單元I. 應(yīng)掌握的詞組：1. go to the movies 去看電影 2. look after=take care of 照顧3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng) 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去劃板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康7. exercise=take (much) exercise=do sports鍛煉 8. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣9. take more exercise 做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng) 10. the same as 與

2、什么相同 11. once a month一月一次 12. be different from 不同 13. twice a week一周兩次 14. make a difference to 對什么有影響 15. how often 多久一次 16. although=though雖然 7. most of the students=most students大多數(shù)學(xué)生18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購物 19. as for至于20. activity survey活動(dòng)調(diào)查 21. do homework做家庭作業(yè)22. do house wor

3、k做家務(wù)事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 對什么有益26. be bad for對什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事 29. try to do sth 盡量做某事 3 0. come home from school放學(xué)回家 31. of course=certainly=sure當(dāng)然32. get good grades取得好成績 33. some advice 34. help sb to do sth幫助某人做某事=help s

4、b with sth35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables許多蔬菜1 / 936. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不 37. keep/be in good health保持健康II. 應(yīng)掌握的句子：How often do you exercise? 你（你們）多久鍛煉一次身體？ How often + 助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多久一次),（在這里助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用）與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)連用，回答一般是用表

5、示頻率的副詞，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。翻譯：“你們多久到工廠去一次？”“每星期兩次。” “他們多長時(shí)間舉辦一次舞會(huì)？”“通常每兩周舉辦一次。 “他多久去購一次物？”“一個(gè)月一次。”2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play socc

6、er.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。”第一個(gè)do為助動(dòng)詞, 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用；而第二個(gè)do則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。 翻譯：What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.” “你最喜歡什么節(jié)目？”“動(dòng)物世界。”4. As for homework , most students do

7、homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（即動(dòng)名詞）。如：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。As for the story，youd better not believe it. 關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。翻譯：至于我自己，我現(xiàn)在不想去。 至于那個(gè)人，我什么都不知道。 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do st

8、h. 意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：你想和我一起去看電影嗎？.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。6. She says its good for my health.be good for.表示“對有益（有好處）”;其反義為：be bad for.。（這里for 是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）如：Its good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you slee

9、p every night?8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .9. My eating habits are pretty good .這里pretty相當(dāng)于very 。10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一辦法）試著去做某事”。如:Youd better try doin

10、g the experiment in another way. 你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 這里better是well的比較級(jí)，而不是good的比較級(jí)13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? Is her lifestyle the same as your lifes

11、tyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy16. You must try to eat less meat .try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是lit

12、tle的比較級(jí)17. That sounds interesting.這是“主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得）,get（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。如：It tastes good. 這味道好。The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。A）、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)

13、數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接

14、加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：pe

15、ople,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個(gè)單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fis

16、hes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報(bào)紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時(shí)間 times時(shí)代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞十一） 單個(gè)字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或s。如：Is (Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-f

17、eet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB）名詞的格當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時(shí)，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）單數(shù)在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers Day教師節(jié), classmates; Childrens Day六一節(jié), Womens Day三八節(jié)三）由and并列的名詞所有時(shí)，如果是共同所有同一人或物時(shí)，只加最后一個(gè)s，但分別擁有時(shí)卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Bens

18、 room邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mikes and Bens rooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間） 下面我們來做一部分習(xí)題。1. June 1st is _ Day.A. Childs B. Childs C. Childrens D. Childrens2. I need _ paper, Mum. I want to write _ letter to my English teacher.A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any3. There are two _ and three _ on the table.A. knif

19、es, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. knives, forks4. We have got a lot of_ today.A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to doD. book to read5. We could see _ children and hear _ noise in the park.A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many6. Will you pass me _?A. a

20、 few pieces of chalk B. a few chalks C. a few of chalksD. some chalks7. _ has been invited to the dancing party.A. A friend of her B. A friend of hers C. Friends of hersD. Friends of her下面請大家自己練習(xí)一下。1. September 10th is _ Day.A. the Teacher B. Teachers C. Teacher D. Teachers2. -Can I help you, sir?-Id like to have 100_. I want the students to draw pictures on them.A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper3. -Wou