1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題108道現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，包括對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響、造成的結(jié)果以及 動(dòng)作的持續(xù)等。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的形式是由whave/has +過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。1.1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)十have/lias +過(guò)去分詞否定句：主語(yǔ)十have/lias + not +過(guò)去分詞疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)十過(guò)去分詞？疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞十have/has +主語(yǔ)十過(guò)去分詞？一般疑問(wèn)句簡(jiǎn)備I / You have seen itI You have not seen itHave you seen it?Yes. I have. No, I havent.He / She

2、/ It has seen itHe She / It has not seen itHas he seen it ?Yes. he has.No, he hasnt.We / You / They haveWe / You / They haveHave they seen it?Yes. they have.seen it.not seen it.No, they haven* t.1.2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句句型：主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)以外的人稱(chēng)）+have 主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+ has +現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句由助動(dòng)詞have/lias加過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成：Hes gone shoppmg.他去買(mǎi)東西

3、 了。Ive never been to Pans.我從未到過(guò)巴黎。1.3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句句型：主語(yǔ)十have/has十not十過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句是在助動(dòng)iJ liave/lias后加not, Z后是過(guò)去分詞：I havent seen luin for a long me.我己經(jīng)很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他了。The road hasnt been cleaned smce it snowed.自卜過(guò)雪以后這條路一直沒(méi)有淸掃過(guò)。1.4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型：Have/Has +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞？回答方式：Yes,主語(yǔ)十have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+ have/has 十 not.現(xiàn)在完成吋的一般

4、疑問(wèn)句是將助動(dòng)詞liave/has置丁主語(yǔ)之前（大寫(xiě)have/lias后的第一個(gè)字 母），在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是倒裝語(yǔ)序：Have you done it? Yes Ihave./No, I havent.你做這件事 了 嗎？是的，我做完了。/不, 我沒(méi)有。Have you ever been to India9 Y es, I have ./No, I havent.你去過(guò)印度嗎？是的，我去過(guò)。/不，我沒(méi)去過(guò)。Have you met your new neighbors? Not so fa】.你見(jiàn)過(guò)你的新鄰居沒(méi)有？至今還沒(méi)有。1.5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型：疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞+ li

5、ave/has +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句是將疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞置于助動(dòng)詞have/lias之前（have/has的第一 個(gè)字母無(wú)需大寫(xiě)），和一般疑問(wèn)句差不多；這種語(yǔ)丿子是倒裝語(yǔ)序。就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)，將疑問(wèn)代 詞或帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組置丁助動(dòng)詞have/has之前，在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)；這種語(yǔ)序是陳述 句語(yǔ)序：Where have you been all this while?這一陣子你在哪里？Wliat book shave you read on this subject?你讀過(guò)哪些關(guān)于這方而的書(shū)？What have you been busv with recently9 最近你

6、在忙什么？1.6現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1 表示結(jié)束、結(jié)果現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生并結(jié)束的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。這一類(lèi)情況可以細(xì)分為下述 兩種情況：表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去的動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束。常和alieady （已經(jīng)），just （剛剛），now （現(xiàn)在），yet （迄今、還） not.yet （還沒(méi)有）等連用：Pve already read that book.我已經(jīng)讀過(guò)那本書(shū)。Youre too late： the train has just left你來(lái)得太完了，火車(chē)剛開(kāi)走。表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在仍殘留著；一般不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：It lias just snowed.剛剛下過(guò)雪。（地上有積雪）1 hav

7、e lost my watch.我把手表丟了。（現(xiàn)在仍未找到）The conceit has started. We have to look for our seats in the dark.幷樂(lè)會(huì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始 了，我們得在黑 暗中找座位。The president sudden death has left the country leaderless.總統(tǒng)突然去世，使該國(guó)處于無(wú)領(lǐng)袖狀 態(tài)。2 表示繼續(xù)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍要繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。往往和表示一段時(shí)間包括現(xiàn) 在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)連用，如todav （今天），this week/month （本周/月），kitelv （最

8、近）， recently （最近）,these days （這些日子）,in the past few years （在過(guò)去的幾年里）,since（從以來(lái)），since yesteiday （從昨天以來(lái)）,for a long time （很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間），for amontli/several years （一個(gè)月/幾余），so fai （迄今為止），up to now （直到現(xiàn)在），till/until now （直到現(xiàn)在）等：Hes known me for over twenty yeais.他和我相識(shí)已 20 多年 了。Has lie studied French veiy long?他學(xué)

9、習(xí)法語(yǔ)很久 了 嗎？How long have you studied English9你學(xué)英語(yǔ)多久了？（現(xiàn)在仍在學(xué)）Up to now/Until now weve had no problems.到現(xiàn)在為11：,我們沒(méi)有碰到任何問(wèn)題。3 表示經(jīng)歷和經(jīng)驗(yàn)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在之間經(jīng)歷過(guò)的事情。常和ofien （常常），nevei （從來(lái)沒(méi)有），ever （曾經(jīng)），once （一次）,twice （兩次）,tlueetimes （三次）,before （在之前），since（自以來(lái)）等連用：Havent I seen you before?我以前見(jiàn)過(guò)你吧？He has known both grie

10、f and happiness.悲傷和歡樂(lè)的滋味他都嘗過(guò)。We have not been to the cmema recently.我們最近沒(méi)有去過(guò)電影院。I have not seen that film yet.我還沒(méi)有看過(guò)那部電影。Hei husband died ten years ago, but she has smce lemained.她丈夫 10 年前去世，她后來(lái)乂嫁人 ToPve read the novel twice.這部小說(shuō)我看了兩遍。Pve never been so annoyed m all my life! （=1 was exuenielv annoye

11、d）我這一生從沒(méi)有這樣惱火 過(guò)！4 用于狀語(yǔ)從句在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，通常用現(xiàn)在完成吋代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)，表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻前業(yè)己完 成的動(dòng)作：Tell me what you think of the book when youve read it.你看完這本書(shū)后，告訴我你的想法。We*ll start at2 oclock pm if it lias stopped ranung by then.我們將 J 下午 2 點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，如果那時(shí)雨停 了的話(huà)。5關(guān)于瞬時(shí)（短暫）動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞的用法終止性動(dòng)詞（亦稱(chēng)點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞）如come （來(lái)），go （去），leave （離開(kāi)），buy （買(mǎi)），bonow（借），j

12、oin （參加），die （去世），lmurv （結(jié)婚），lose （失去），begin （開(kāi)始），stop（停止），get up （起床）等表示的動(dòng)作有一個(gè)終點(diǎn)，到了終點(diǎn)就不再延續(xù)。也就是說(shuō)，此類(lèi) 動(dòng)詞只表示短暫的動(dòng)作，因此不能與表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：不可以說(shuō)：Ive left New Yoik for tluee days.可以說(shuō)：Fve been away fiom New York for tliiee days.（這時(shí)需要 使用be動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示延續(xù)的狀 態(tài)）可以說(shuō)：I left New Yoik three days ago.我是3天前離開(kāi)紐約的。如果現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)牧短的

13、動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞（點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞），通常用否定結(jié)構(gòu)：在這種情 況下可以和表示一段時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)連用。因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)動(dòng)詞的這種否定結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成一種狀態(tài)，而這一狀 態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的：They havent written to me for 3 yeais他們有 3 年沒(méi)有給我寫(xiě)信了。OFShe liast left home for several days.她己有幾天沒(méi)有出門(mén)了。（表示“足不出戶(hù)”這一狀態(tài)）They havent visited us since 2000.自2000年以來(lái)他們就沒(méi)有拜訪(fǎng)過(guò)我們。表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞用于完成時(shí)，通常表示目前的結(jié)果：She*s recovered fiom her illness.她

14、己經(jīng)痊愈。（含義是：目前狀況良好）I must go back： Pve left （=fbigotten to bimg） my cai keys （be-liind）.我必須回去，我忘了帶 汽車(chē)鑰匙。（含義是：我現(xiàn)在開(kāi)不了汽車(chē)門(mén)。）English has borrowed words fiom manv languages.英語(yǔ)借用了很多其他語(yǔ)言的詞匯。（含義是： 仍會(huì)借用其他語(yǔ)言的詞匯。）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題108道一、選擇填空及問(wèn)答1. Both his paients look sad Maybe theyA. knewB. have known2. Kates never seen C

15、hinese films,?A. hasnft sheB. has she3. He hasbeen to Shangliai, has he?A. alreadyB. never4. - Oui coiintiya lot so fax.-Yes. I hope it will be evenA. has changed; wellC has changed; better5. WeXiao Li since slie was a little gill A. knowB. had knownwhats happened to hull C. must knowD. will knowC.

16、isnt sheD. is sheC. everD. stillB. clianged; goodD. changed; betterC have knownD knew6. The famous writerone new book in the past two yeai.D. lias writtenA. is wntmgB was wntmgC.wroteD. a moment ago7. Zhao LanalreadyA was; studyingC lias; studied& Have you met Mr. Li?A. justB. agoin this school for

17、nvo years .B. will; studyD. aie; studyingC. before9. His uncle lias alieadv posted die pliotos to him.（改為否定句）His uncleposted the photos to him10. Mum. may I go out and play basketball?-youyoui liomewoik yet?B. Are; fimslungD. Have; finishedA. Do; fimshC. Did, finish11 The famous writerone new book i

18、n the past two year .A. is wntmgB. was writing C wroteD. has written12. Kates never seen Cluiiese films, ?A. hasnt sheB. has sheC. isnt sheD. is she13. Both his parents look sad . Maybe theywhaFs happened to him .A. knewB have knownC must knowD.will know14. He liasbeen to Shanghai, lias he?A. alread

19、yB neverD. still15. Tomthe CD player for two weeks.A. lias lentB. lias bonovvedC has boughtD has had16. WeXiao Li since she was a little girl.A. knowB. had knownC have knownD. knew17.-vouyour liomewoik vet ?it a moment ago A. Did; do; fimshedB. Have; done; finishedC Have; done; have finishedD. will;

20、 do; fiiusli18. Huny up! The playfor ten minutes .A. has begunB. had begunC has been onD. began19. She，s(live) here ever since she was ten.(用時(shí)態(tài)填空)20. His fatherthe Paitv smce 1978.A. joinedB. lias jomedC. was inD. has been in21.-my glasses?-Yes, I saw them on youi bed a minute ago.A. Do you seeB. Ha

21、d you seeC. Would vou seeD. Have you seen22. ItA.isB. hasC. willD. wasten yeais smce lie left the army 23.1A. didnl receiveB. havent gotC. didnt haveD. havenrt lieaid24. Both of them(be) in Hong Kong for ten days.（用時(shí)態(tài)填空）25. Oui teachei has studied Japanesetluee yeais.(用 since 和 foi 填空)26. My parents

22、Shandong foi ten veais A. have been inB have been toC. have gone toD. have been27.1 wondei why Jennyus recently. We should have lieaid from liei by now.A. hasnt writtenB doesnt writeC wont writeD. hadnt witten28. - How longDavid and Vickymained?-Foi about four yeaisA. were; beingB. have; gotC. have;

23、 beenD. did; get29 Huny up! The playfoi ten minutes .A. has begunB. had beguna letter fiom him smce he left.C has been onD. began30. youcmywheie before?-Yes, but I cant remember where IA. Did; suif; suiiedB. Have; surfed; surfedC. Did; surf; have surfedD. Have; surfed; have surfed31. The number of t

24、he students in our school 1200.A is added up toB lias been added up toC adds up toD have added up to32. Haiiy Potter is a very nice film Iit twice .A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see33. These kinds of shoeswell.A were not soldB wont be soldC are not sold D dont sell34. The fiist use of atonuc weapo

25、ns was in 1945, and then powermcieased enonnously eversince.A. isB. wasC. lias been D liad been35 Years ago we didnt know this, but recent sciencethat people who dont sleep well soonget ill.A. showedB. has shownC. will showD. is showing36. The singer lived in California until heto university.A liad

26、sentB was sendmgC had been sentD was sentC. have knownD knewB was taking place37. WeXiao Li since she was a little gul.A. knowB. had known38. The May 4tli movementin 1919.A had taken placeC was taken placeD took place39. On returmng home , I found Iumbrella in the office.D would leaveA had leftB hav

27、e leftC left40. that the earth was tlie centre of the umveise.B It was once believedD People were saidA People were believingC People were once believed41. Have you met Mi. Li?A. justB. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago42. - Our countiya lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even.A. has changed; wellB. cha

28、nged; goodC. has changed; betterD. changed; better43. WeXiao Li since she was a little guLA. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew44.-vouyour homework yet?-Yes, Iit a moment ago.A. Did, do; finishedC Have; done; have finishedB Have; done; fiiushedD will, do; fiiusli46.1such an interesting book before

29、.A. was never leadmgC had never readB will never readD. have never read47. The number of the students in our school 1200.A is added up toC adds up toB has been added up toD have added up to4& These farmers have been to the United States .-Really? Whenthere?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD

30、. have they gone49. - Howon with your English these days .-Not bad.A have you been gettingB are you gettingC did you getD have you got50. Perhaps it will be a long timefiom abroad.A. that Tom comes backB. befbie Tom comes backC when Tom will come backD. when Tom comes back51. - Do you know lum well9

31、SureWefriends smce ten years ago.A. wereB have beenC have becomeD. have made52. - How long have youhere?-About two montlis .A. beenB. goneC. comeD. anived53. Huny up! The playfor ten liunutes A. has begunB had begunC has been onD. began54. Itten veais since lie left the aimv A. isB. hasC. willD. was

32、55. All the ftinuture in the buildingto the company not to his own.A. is belongedB belongsC. belongD. aie belonged56.1 dont leally work heie. Iuntil the new secretary arrives.A. just help outB have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help out57. The new secietaiy is supposed to lepon t

33、o die manager as soon as sheA will aniveB arrivesC is going to ainveD is amvmg58. As shenewspaper, Graimyasleep.A read, was fallingB was leading, fellC was reading, was fallingD read, fall59.-vonvour homework vet?-Yes. Iit a moment ago.A. Did, do; finishedB. Have; done; fiiusliedC Have; done; have f

34、inishedD. will; do; finish60. My parentsShandong foi ten years.B. have been toD have beenA. so theyB. donft thevC have theyD. liaven theyJA. have been mC have gone to 61 The students have cleaned the classroom. ?62.has Mi White been a membei of Greenei Cliuia since he to Chma?A. How soon, comesC. Ho

35、w long、came63 His uncle foi moie than 9 years.A. has come hereC. has lived there64. HeIns leg when lieA broke, playedB. How often, gotD. How far, amvedB. has stalled to workD. has left the uiiiveisityin a football matchB was bieaking. was plavmgC broke, was playingD was breakuig, playedB have just h

36、elped outD will just help outC feelsD is feltC. was inD. has been ill65. I dont really work here Iuntil the new secretary arrives.A. just help outC. am just helping out66-Do you like the material?-Yes, itveiy soft.A is feelingB felt67. His fatherthe Paily since 1978.A. joinedB. has jomed68 -Do you k

37、now Inin well9-Sure Wefriends since ten years ago.69.A. wereB. have beenC. have become D have madelias Mjl. Wlute been a membei of Gieenei Cluna since lieto Naiijuig?A. How soon, comesC. How long, came70. His unclefor moie than 9 years.B. How often, gotD. How far. amvedA. lias come hereB. has staite

38、d to workC has lived thereD. has left the university71. He tells me heCliuia for over five yearsA. has beenB. lias been inC. has been toD. has gone to Chma72. - Yotfve agieed to go, so why arent you getting ready?But Ithat youus to stait at onceA dont realize, wantB dont realize, wantedC havent real

39、ized, wantD didnt realize, wanted73. The house is dirty. Weit foi weeks.A didnt cleanC dont cleanB hadnt cleanedD havent cleaned74. -the spoils meet might be put off.-Yes, it all depends on the weather.A Fve been toldB Eve toldC Pm toldD I toldC wasD will beC. comeD. ainvedB aie fiiuslungD have fini

40、shed75 - Im sony to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. Ihere only a few nunutes.A have beenB had been76. - How long have youhere? About two momhs.A. beenB. gone77. - When shall we restail our business?-Not until weoui plan.A. will finishC aie to fimsli7& - We，ve spent too much money recently. Well, i

41、t isnt surprising. Our fiiends and relativesaroimd all the time.A. aie commgB. had comeC were commgD. have been coming79. Why do you want to work foi oui company?This is tlie job that Ifor.A. lookedB am to lookC had lookedD have been looking80. Miss Green isnt m the office she to the libraiy.A. has

42、goneB wentC. will goD. has been二、用“never, ever, already, just，yet, foi; since”填空81 I haveseen liim before, so I have no idea about him.82. Jack hasfinished his homework83. Mr. Wang has taught in this schoolten years84. “Have youseen the film?” “No、I haveseen it：85. “Has the bus left? “Yes, it haslef

43、t三、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的各種形式填空。86. Where is Jack? Heliis coimtry.87. Davidthe parkjiist now.88. JohnEngland for 3 years.89. How longtheythis village?90. The SmithsBeijing for years.91. you everAmerica? Yes, Ithere many times.92.1 this school since three years ago.93. Where i

44、s Jim? Hethe fami.94. Whenhe? Hean hour ago.95. Would you like to to the zoo with me? Yes, but Ithere before.96. Wliereyounow? Ito the zoo.97. He oftenswimming.98. youthere last year?99. they oftenskating ill winter?100. - How longhethere?-Hethere for three days四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換101.1 have been to Macau before.

45、（改為否定句）Ibeen to Macau before.102. He hasnt come to school（就劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)）he come to school?103.1 bough a new bike just now.（用 just 改寫(xiě)）Ijusta new bike104. We began to learn English three years ago（改為同義句）WeEnglishthree years105. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）106. They have been here since 2000.（對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)）（動(dòng)詞填空

46、）an hour.have they been here?107. The old manlast year. He hasfor a year, （die）108. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Miss Gao has參考答案：1. B解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束, 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)，重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考査難度較大，往往無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，需要 從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是B。2. B解析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分要用肯定式，乂因Kates是Ka

47、tehas的縮寫(xiě)， 故選B。3. B解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already（己經(jīng)）just（剛剛，正好）、ever（曾經(jīng)）、never（從來(lái),也不;從不）、 before（以前）、yet（仍然）等連用。故應(yīng)選B4. C解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently（近來(lái)）,so far（到目前為止）,in the past/last+ 一段時(shí)間”等時(shí)間 狀語(yǔ)連用。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z(yǔ)表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去某一時(shí) 間或時(shí)刻開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故應(yīng)選C。5. C解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“for +時(shí)間段或since +過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用（含從句，從句過(guò)去時(shí)）。故應(yīng) 選Co6. D解析：現(xiàn)在完成

48、時(shí)常與recently （近來(lái)）,so far （到目前為止）,in the past/wlast + 一段時(shí)間等 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z(yǔ)表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去某 一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故應(yīng)選Do7. C解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與for +時(shí)間段或since +過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用（含從句，從句過(guò)去時(shí)）。故應(yīng) 選Co8. C解析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already （已經(jīng)）just （剛剛,正好）、ever （曾經(jīng)）,never （從來(lái),也不; 從不）before （以前）、yet （仍然）等連用。故應(yīng)選C。9. has nt, yet解析：already常用在肯定

49、句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中，故填hasnt, yeto10. D解析：當(dāng)句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故應(yīng)選D11. D解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently （近來(lái)）,so far （到目前為止）,in the past/last + 一段時(shí)間”等 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶a表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去某 一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故應(yīng)選D。12. B解析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句部分要用肯定式，乂因Kates是Kate has的縮寫(xiě)， 故選B13. B解析：現(xiàn)在完成

50、時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束, 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)，重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往往無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，需要 從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是B。14. B解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already （已經(jīng)），just （剛剛，正好），ever （曾經(jīng)），never （從來(lái)，也 不；從不），before （以前），yet （仍然）等連用。故應(yīng)選B。15.解析：A、B、C均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在肯定句中不與表“段時(shí)間”的短語(yǔ)連用，故選D15. C解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“for +時(shí)間段或since +過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用（含從句，從句過(guò)去時(shí)）。故應(yīng) 選Co16. B解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)容易混淆，就是因?yàn)樗鼈兯硎镜膭?dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但二者 又有區(qū)別：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話(huà)的側(cè) 重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過(guò)去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過(guò)去 的動(dòng)作，它不與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如yesterday, last week, a moment ago筲）連用。故應(yīng)選B。17. C解析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與