圖表式作文,圖表作文是通過提供的一組或幾組數據來反映某個趨勢或某一問題、現象。要求考生對圖表中的相關數據進行描述、分析和評論，并得出合乎邏輯的結論。它是將數據、形象信息轉換為文字信息的過程。,五、典型寫作題型分析,1,圖表式作文,圖表作文要求的不是對圖表的簡單敘述，而是抓住圖表所反映的主要問題。因為圖表式作文所要討論的現象和問題都隱含在數據里，所以考生常會感到比較難寫。,2,常見的圖表類型,表格，它表示多種事物的相互關系；曲線，它常表示事物的變化趨勢；柱狀，它用來表示幾種事物的變化情況及相互關系；餅狀，表示各事物在總體中所占的比例及相互關系。,3,圖表類型,4,圖表作文的寫作步驟,分析圖表及說明性文字；分析數字所反映的主旨，得出中心論點；列提綱；寫作。,5,關于圖表式作文的描述方法,第一種情況：橫向對比。Adepartmenthasthelowestsalesfigureinthethreedepartments，followedbytheBdepartmentandCdepartment.ThefigureofAisabouttwiceasmuchasthatofB.,6,關于圖表式作文的描述方法,第二種情況：縱向說明。TheriselastedfortwoweeksandthenbegantoleveloffinJune.Thetrend/increasesloweddowninMay.,7,關于圖表式作文的描述方法,第三種情況：縱向、橫向均有的說明。Itaccountsfor30%ofthetotalpopulation.Thereare4memberswithmastersdegrees，makingupnearlyaquarteroftheworkforce.,8,其它圖表式作文的常用句型,Thecurvesshow_inacertainyear.Itcanbeseenthat_(sth)fluctuatesquitesubstantiallyinthisyear.Itjustincreasesslightly.Thepiechartsshowthechangesof_insomeplacein1999.,9,其它圖表式作文的常用句型,ItcanbeseenfromthechartthattheproportionsofAandBaregoingdown,thoughthefallinglevelofthelatterisalothigher/lowerthanthatoftheformer.Theexpansionismorenoticeableduringthesecondhalfofthe8-yearperiod.,10,其它圖表式作文的常用句型,Itfallsfrom30%ofthestaffin1990to20%in1998andthenthetrendreverses，finishingat34%in2000.AndAishigherthanBexceptforthemonthsJunetoSeptember._dropsdramaticallyfromabout_inJanuaryto_inJune.Thefallingtrendlevelsofffrom_to_，_(sth)goesallthewayupto_andthenitbeginstodropto.,11,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEducationPaysbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow.Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.(見圖片),12,13,EducationPaysPayscorrespondstoeducationlevels,asisdemonstratedbythechartabove.Theweeklyearningsin2010increaseswiththesortofdiplomathepersonholds.Forinstance,thecollegestudentswithnodegreegetpaid$712perweekwhereasthosewithaBachelorsdegreecanearn50%morethanthem.,14,Severalreasons,inmyopinion,canbeidentifiedtoaccountforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichareessentialtoahigh-incomework.Also,thehigheroneseducationdegreeisthebiggerplatformhewillhavetoshowhisability.Forexample,15,hiscollege,university,orresearchinstitutewillorganizevariousjobfairsforthemtocommunicatefacetofacewithemployers.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment,therefore,substantialeducationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertobuildourcountryandstriveforabetterlifeforourselves.,16,EducationPaysFromthebarchart/table/graphgivenabove,wecanobservethatunemploymentrateofthosewithhighereducationbackgroundismuchlowerthanthosewithlowereducationdegree.Forinstance,theunemploymentrateofcollegestudentswithnodegreeisashighas14.9%,whilethatofthosewithdoctoraldegreeisonly1.9%.,17,Thefollowingreason,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantonetoaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichmakethemmorequalifiedandcompetentfortheirtask.Thus,theyarelesslikelytolosetheirjobs.,18,Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,educationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertoavoidunemployment.Inconclusion,itisourqualifications,learninghabitandspecializedskillsthathigheducationequipgraduatesthatmakeusdistinctiveinthelabormarket.,19,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicReadingHabitsofAmericanStudents,andbaseyourwritingonthechartandinformationgivenbelow.下面的餅狀圖展現的是美國一家大學圖書館中各類圖書的流動量。請對比它們的流動比例，闡述原因，并說明你自己喜歡的圖書類型。,20,21,ReadingHabitsofAmericanStudentsSeenfromthechart,itcanbeconcludedthatAmericanstudentsprefertoreadpopularnovelsratherthanotherkindsofbooks.Amongallthebooksstudentsreadnow,popularnovelsaccountfor68%,whileunpopularnovelsmakeup17%,technicalbooks8%,andpoemsonly5%.,22,Itisnowonderthatpopularnovelshaveattractedsuchalargeaudience.Theyarewritteninplainlanguagesothatonecaneasilyreadthemforentertainmentorrelaxation.Booksoftechnologyandcollectionsofpoemsarelessappealingbecausetheyareoftenmorecomplicatedandabstractthanthepopularnovels.,23,Inmyownpractice,Idontthinkitadvisableatalltoreadpopularnovels.Firstly,Ispendmuchofmyfre