動(dòng)詞ing形式的用法及變化規(guī)則二動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞由動(dòng)詞原形在詞尾加ing構(gòu)成，其規(guī)則如下：1）一般情況下直接加ingthink-thinkingsleep-sleepingstudy-studyingspeak-speakingcarry-carryingsay-saying2）以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，去掉字母e，再加ingwake-wakingmake-makingcome-comingtake-takingleave-leavinghave-having3）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn)“輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing初中學(xué)過的這類詞有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid,等。visit不是以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，不用雙寫travel雖然重讀第一音節(jié)，詞尾音節(jié)不重讀，但是現(xiàn)在分詞仍要雙寫末尾輔音字母，然后再加ing，如：travel-travelling.初中階段此類詞只有這一個(gè)。4）以y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加ingcarrycarryingenjoyenjoying5）以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把ie改為y，再加ingdie-dyinglie-lying動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)則及練習(xí)一、 變化規(guī)則1、直接在動(dòng)詞后+s 例如： like- likes play-plays 2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的動(dòng)詞：+es 例如： wash-washes3、以輔音+o接尾的動(dòng)詞：+es 例如： go-goes4、以輔音+y接尾的動(dòng)詞：變y為i+es 例如： fly-flies英語名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則一、絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是在該詞末尾加上后輟-s。讀音變化：結(jié)尾是清輔音讀s，結(jié)尾是濁輔音或元音讀z。例：friendfriends; catcats; stylestyles; sportsports; piecepieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：統(tǒng)一加讀iz。例：busbuses; quizquizzes; foxfoxes; matchmatches; flashflashes三、以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y改變?yōu)閕，再加-es。讀音變化：加讀z。例：candycandies; daisydaisies; fairyfairies; ladyladies; storystories四、以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，如果不是外來詞或縮寫，就加-es，否則加-s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：加讀z。例：tomatotomatoes; potatopotatoes; torpedotorpedoes; bingobingoes反例：silosilos; pianopianos（外來詞）; photophotos; macromacros五、以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多為將-f或-fe改變?yōu)?ves，但有例外。讀音變化：尾音f改讀vz。例：knifeknives; lifelives; leafleaves; staffstaves; scarfscarves反例：roofroofs十一、部分單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式不變。讀音變化：保持原音。例：fishfish; sheepsheep; cattlecattle; deerdeer; salmonsalmon十二、極少數(shù)單詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)]有任何規(guī)律。讀音變化：沒有規(guī)律。例：manmen; womanwomen; childchildren; personpeople; oxoxen十五、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的例：deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鮭魚; trout 鱒魚十九、若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞例：pair(對(duì)，雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers練 習(xí)一.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式work_visit_play_study_dance_have_take_drop_ lie_ sing_shop_swim_二選擇題練習(xí)1. Who _ over there now?A. singingB. are sing C. is singingD. sing2. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is havingD. are having3. Listen! The baby _ in the next room.A. crying B. criedC. is cryingD. cries4. Look! The twins _ new sweaters.A. are wearingB. wearingC. are wearD. is wearing5. Dont talk here. Grandparents _.A. is sleepingB. are sleepingC. sleepingD. sleep三.填空：1. Miss Li _ (like) sleeping in the day.2. Listen! Who _ (talk) with your parents3. The girl _ ( not dance ) on Wednesday. She dances on Friday.5. Everyone _(say) she is a good shop assistant.8. Lets _ (eat) lunch together(一起).9. Look! A cat _ (run) up the tree.10. Its 6:30. My brother _ (see) a movie.11. Sam _ (go) to school at 7:00 every day.12. Peggy is _ (clean) the bedroom now. She is a good girl.13. - Where _ Mr. Green _ (live) - He _ inLondon.14. - _ you _ (clean) your bedroom - No, Im not. Im cleaning the living room.15. - _Nancy_ (talk) on the phone - No, she isnt. She _ (eat) lunch now.名詞由單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)的練習(xí)寫出下列名詞復(fù)數(shù)leaf_ puppy_ box_ knife_ fly_ fox_ bus_ bench_ brush_ kiss_ church_ dish_ ruler_ peach_ glass_ pencil_ boy_ zoo_ man_ roof_ sheep_ knife_ lady_ key_ story_ watch_ bamboo_ city_ family_ day_ apple_ eraser_ speech_ thief_ mouse_ fish_ goose_ people _ ox_ Chinese _ deer _ foot_ child_ tooth_ guy_ hero_ spy_ boss_ monkey_ city _ goat _ radio _ horse _ dog _用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1There are so many_ (wolf) in the forest.2There are three _ (chair) in the classroom.3These _ (tomato) are red. 4_ (hero) are great.5My brother looks after two _ (baby)6There are some _ (deer) eating the grass.7My father likes to eat _ (potato).8Chinese _ (people)like to eat noodles.9I have a lot of _ (toy) in my bedroom.10I help my mother wash _ (dish) in the kitchen.11I have two _ (pencil-box). 12There are some _ (bus)in the street.13Peter has eight _ (foot). 14Linda has three _ (tooth).15There are some _ (child) in the garden.16Michael likes the _ (mouse).18My uncle and father are _ (man).19Tom and King are _ (boy). 20Linda has three _ (tooth).選出正確形式1I can see three _ in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeys C monkey2.The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen4.There are four _ in the class.A. Japanese B. JapanesesC. Japan5.I can see ten _ in the picture.A. sheep B. dog C. pig6.The _ has three_.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches7.Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A. tooth B. toothsC. teeth9.Mr Black often drink some _.A. milk B. milks C.milkes10.There are some _ on the floor.A. child B. water C. books11. _ will learn English. A. Woman B. Women C. Man12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.A. photo B. photos C. photoes13. I drank two _.A. bottles of orangeB. bottle of orangeC. bottles of oranges14.The cat eats two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse15.I need a pen and some _. A. books B. desk C. chair寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_carry _come_watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_teach_一、寫出所給詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式sit swim read make run write have go do watch cry study play say wash 二、用do或does的適當(dāng)形式填空1. _ you ride a bike to school? Yes, I _.2. _ your sister like PE? No, she _.3. What_ the students have? They have some pens.4. How_ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot.5. He _ not speak English. He speaks Chinese.6. _ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they _.7. My father and mother _ not read newspapers on Saturday.四、動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空J(rèn)ims father (work) in a bank. He (go) to work by bus every morning, sometimes he (ride) his bike. But he (be) never late for work. He (work) very hard.Jim (like) his father very much. They often （play） badminton（羽毛球）in front of their house, sometimes they (play) table tennis in Jims school. Jim (like) to talk with his father. His father (like) to hear Jim talking about his friends and his school. On Saturday or Sunday, they often (play) on the computer. Jim (have) many computer games. But he doesnt (play) them every day. He also (work) hard at his lessons.作業(yè)：一、把下列句子改成一般疑問句并做肯定、否定回答。1I usually get up at six oclock.Do you usually get up at six ?Yes, I do . /No, I dont .2. We usually write e-mails on Saturday evening ？ Yes, No, 3. They have the same hobby. ？ Yes, No, 4. Suhai and Su yang like listening to music after school. ？ Yes, No, 5. Helen usually watches TV in the evening. ？ Yes, No, 二、否定句:1. She_ _(do)her homework every day.2. He_ _(live)in Huanggang.3. The girl_ _(look)out of the window and sees many birds in the sky.4. Jenny runs home and_ _(sit)on the chair.三、一般疑問句:1._the desk_(have)four legs? Yes, it does.2._she_(do)her homework every day?Yes, she does.3._he_(live)in Huanggang? No, he doesnt.4. Does Danny_(see)the apple tree?四、按照要求改寫句子：1. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_2. She likes milk.(