初級英語國際標準音標練習元音 (20個)單元音12個前 元 音(4個)i:ie后 元 音(5個):u:u中 元 音(3個):雙元音8個合口雙元音(5個)eiuaiaui集中雙元音(3個)iu輔音 (28個)清 輔 音(11個)ptkfsttrtsh濁 輔 音(17個)bdgvzd drdzlmnjwr/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/ fat/ft/ have/hv/ cat/kt/ back/bk/ hat/ht/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pint/ coin/kin/i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/ fair/f/ there/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blk/ bear/b/t/ let/let/ sat/st/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/k/ lack/lk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ lag/lg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/feivrit/v/ very/veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/ truth/tru:/ / the/ / they/ei/ that/t/ mother/m/ thus/ s/ then/en/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stps/z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/trk/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hndz/ birds/b:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stndz/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ sing/si/ wing/wi/ ring/ri/ long/l/ beautiful/bju:tfl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音標綜合練習1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pk/ /gp/ /kg/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /tr/ /dipend/settle trash depend2./a:/ / :/ / / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood3./ / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burlesque murder3./ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./i/ / /u/vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/material mysterious5./ /mn/ /i:f/ /t/ /n/ /fei/ /tge/ /k/ /mselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves元音音素：/i:/ 【衣 發長點】/I/ 【衣 急促地發聲】/e/ 【哎 發這個音的時候不要把“哎”的給讀出來，嘴唇放松自然地讀】/ 【哎 發這個音的時候不要把“哎”的給讀出來，嘴唇扁平地發】/:/ 【額 發長音】/ 【額 發短音】/ 【阿 嘴巴微微地張開發出這個音就可以了】/a:/ 【啊 嘴巴長到最大】/ 【哦 急促】/:/ 【哦 聲音拖長】/u/ 【烏 急促】/u:/ 【烏 聲音拖長】/eI/ 【有點像答應人的“誒”的聲音】/aI/ 【唉】/I/ 【哦喂 連著讀】/u/ 【嘔】/au/ 【傲】/I/ 【衣餓 連著讀】/ 【哎餓 連著讀】/u/ 【烏餓 連著讀】輔音音素：/p/ 【普 不要把給發出來，輕音】/b/ 【不 不要把給發出來，濁音】/t/ 【特 不要把給發出來，輕音】/d/ 【得 不要把給發出來，濁音】/k/ 【克 不要把給發出來，輕音】/g/ 【各 不要把給發出來，濁音】/f/ 【福 不要把給發出來，輕音】/v/ 【有點像摩托車啟動的聲音，“嗚嗚嗚”地，但是是像發“vvv”一樣，不要把給發出來，濁音】/s/ 【絲 像蛇吐芯子發出的那種聲音，不要把給讀出來，輕音】/z/ 【就是/s/的濁音】/ 【牙齒咬住舌頭的輕音】/ 【牙齒咬住舌頭的濁音】/ 【西 不要把給發出來，輕音】/ 【衣 不要把給發出來，濁音】/h/ 【喝 不要把給發出來，輕音】/r/ 【若 不要把u給發出來，濁音】/t/ 【七 不要把給發出來，輕音】/d/ 【姬 不要把給發出來，濁音】/tr/ 【缺 不要把u給發出來，輕音】/dr/ 【撅 不要把u給發出來，濁音】/ts/ 【次 不要把給發出來，輕音】/dz/ 【自 不要把給發出來，濁音】/m/ 【嘴巴閉住，然后發音，氣流從鼻子出來，濁音】/n/ 【嘴巴微張，舌尖頂住上顎，氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來，濁音】/ 【嘴巴長大，舌頭向下彎曲，氣流從鼻子出來而不是從嘴巴出來，濁音】/l/ 【有兩個讀音。一是放在音標結尾發嘔，濁音；而是放在音標中發了，濁音】/w/ 【我 不要把給發出來，濁音】/j/ 【呀 不要把給發出來，濁音】所謂濁音，就是聲帶要振動的音；輕音就是發出了但聲帶卻不振動的音所有的元音都是濁音，聲帶都要振動。1關于語音的幾個概念 1)字母：語言的書寫形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,2)音標：詞的語音形式。3)音素：音的最小的單位。英語中有48音素。4)音節：由元音和輔音構成的發音單位。apple, student, teacher, understand5)元音：發音響亮，是樂音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構成音節的主要音。英語中有20元音。6)輔音：發音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構成音節的主要音。英語中有28輔音。7)開音節：a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e name bike;b) 輔音+元音 he, go, hi8)閉音節：a) 輔音+元音+輔音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+輔音it9)重讀音節：單詞中發音特別響亮的音節。2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括號是電腦無法輸入的音標)1)i: sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2)i sit, build, miss, myth 3)e bed, desk, head, 4) bad, land, bank, stamp 5)a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt6) hot, want7) : door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8)u: good, who, blue, soup, 9)u look, put, women, could 10) cup, come, blood, rough 11): girl, work, serve, nurse 12) cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13)ei cake, they, play, eight, great, 14)ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15)u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16)au house, town 17)i boy, oil 18)i dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) pear, care, there, fair 20)u tour, poor,3. 容易混淆的元音1)e bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2)i: ei real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3)e ai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4)au : house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5)au found fond; gown gone; down don4. 輔音1)p pen, 2)b bed, comb 3)t tell, 4)d, day, played, wanted 5)k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 6)g big, go, guess, language 7)m man 8)n nine, knife, autumn 9) bank, uncle, English, sing, 10)l land, world 11)r read, write, 12)f five, cough, laugh 13)v voice, of 14) think, 15) this, bathe 16)s sit, miss, science, case, scarf 17)z zoo, close, 18) sure, she, social, nation 19)/ pleasure, 20)h hot, who, hour 21)w wall, what, answer 22)j yes 23)t child, teach, catch 24)d/ joke, bridge, 25)ts boats 26)dz goods 27)tr tree 28)dr dream5. 容易混淆的輔音1)v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 2)s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 3)z closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 4)n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang 6. 讀音規則1)重讀音節(見元音和輔音的例句)2)非重讀音節 banana, student, today, after,i orange, secret, evening, very, Monday 7. 特殊讀音1)音的連讀：not at all, half an hour, I love you and all. after all2)失去爆破：good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme3)音的同化：this year, Would you do it? Cant you see it?8. 重音1)單詞重音A)雙音節詞a)一般在第一個音節重讀。letter, sorryb)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前綴的詞，第二個音節是重音。about, believe, address, decide, report, condemn, respect, compare, inform, discuss, impress, mistake, enforce, prepare, employ, permit, escape, produce, exclaim,translate c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前綴的重音與詞義和詞類有關, 一般名詞的重音在第一個音節上，其它的詞性在第二個音節上。record, record; insult, insult; conduct, conduct; present present; content, content d)有些復合詞和帶有前綴 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的詞，有兩個重音。outside, retell, well-known, unreal, fifteen, Chinese, pre-war, post-war B)多音節詞a)一般倒數第三個音節是重音。difficult, communist, family, economy, opportunity,democracy. b)有一些雙音節詞，加了前綴和后綴成了多音節，但這些詞按原來詞根的重音讀音。carefully, indefinite, comfortable, conductor, according, disturbance, complicated,establishment, c)詞尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后綴的詞，重音在這些后綴的前一個音節上。courteous, calligraphy, editorial, historian, periodic, mathematics, experience,sufficient, identify, translation, religious, curiosity, protective d)詞尾有 -ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后綴的詞，重音在該后綴上，而且有一個次重音。entertain, employee, mountaineer, Japanese, cigarette 2)句子重音A) 英語的節奏：（輕）-輕-重-輕-（輕）或重-輕-（輕）（輕）重B) 英語句子的長短：是由句子中的重讀詞的數目決定的，而不是象漢語那樣由句子中的漢字數目決定的。C) 實詞重讀（副詞重讀），虛詞輕讀(冠詞，單音節介詞，單音節連詞，人稱代詞，反代詞，物主代詞，關系代詞，相互代詞，助動詞，情態動詞和系動詞be.D) 實詞不重讀的特殊情況a)實詞第二次出現He thinks of that as a child thinks. b)一個名詞被第二個名詞修飾I met her in the railway station. c)代替詞Which book do you want? The small one. d)感嘆詞中的 what 和howWhat a good day it is! How beautiful she is! e)street 在專有名詞中Wangfujing Street.f)this在這些短語中，this morning/afternoon/eveningE)虛詞重讀的特殊情況a) 情態動詞，助動詞和系動詞be在句首，句尾和否定時。Do you like it? Yes, I do. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am. Can you help me? Yes, I can. I dont like you. He isnt a worker. b) 情態動詞表示可能，驚奇和肯定時。They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be in the room. c) 介詞在句首和句尾。In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. d) 引導復合句的連詞在句首。If you wish, Ill visit you. When he comes, Ill tell him. e)反身代詞表示強調。He couldnt come himself. 英語發音連讀的規則連讀的條件：相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關，同屬一個意群。連讀所構成的音節一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過，不可讀得太重，也不可音。(連讀符號：)(1)“輔音+元音”型連讀在同一個意群里，如果相鄰兩詞中的前一個詞是以輔音結尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這就要將輔音與元音拼起來連讀。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday.I calledyou halfanhourago.Putiton, please.Notatall.Please pickitup. (2)“r/re+元音”型連讀如果前一個詞是以-r或者-re結尾，后一個詞是以元音開頭，這時的r或re不但要發/r/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來連讀。Theyre my fatherand mother.I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.Thereare some books on the desk.Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs.But whereis my cup?Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是，如果一個音節的前后都有字母r，即使后面的詞以元音開頭，也不能連讀。The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer與and不可連讀） (3)“輔音+半元音”型連讀英語語音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一個詞是以輔音結尾，后一個詞是以半元音，特別是/j/開頭，此時也要連讀。Thankyou.Nice to meetyou.Didyou get there lateagain?Wouldyou likea cupof tea？Couldyou help me, please?“音的同化”常把/d/+/j/讀成/dV/，did you聽上成了/dIdVu/，would you成了/wudVu/，could you成了/kudVu/。 (4)“元音+元音”型連讀如果前一個詞以元音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，這兩個音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me.She wants to studyEnglish.Howand why did you come here?She cant carryit.Itll take you threehours to walk there.The question is tooeasy for him to answer. (5)當短語或從句之間按意群進行停頓時，意群與意群之間即使有兩個相鄰的輔音與元音出現，也不可連讀。Isit ahat or a cat?（hat與or之間不可以連讀）Thereisa good book in my desk. （book與in之間不可以連讀）Can you speakEnglish or French? （English與or之間不可以連讀） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet與 at，eight與or之間不可以連讀）She opened the door and walkedin. （door與and之間不可以連讀）失去爆破6個爆破音有3對/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情況下，只須做出發音的準備，但并不發音，稍稍停頓后就發后面的音。(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6個爆破音中的任意2個相臨時，前一個爆破音會失去爆破，即由相關的發音器官做好這個發音的姿勢，稍做停頓后即發后面的爆破音。The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car.The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t