PastParticiplesusedasobjectcomplement 過去分詞做賓語補足語 Unit2Grammar 第3講 課本例句 1 NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell 2 Finally bygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway 3 Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth repairinjurecutwatchpaintbreakdamagestealbeatbiterobknockfind repairedinjuredcutwatchedpaintedbrokedamagedstolebeatbitrobbedknockedfound repairedinjuredcutwatchedpaintedbrokendamagedstolenbeatenbittenrobbedknockedfound 作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語之間的關系 及物動詞 短語 的過去分詞用作賓語補足語時 賓語即是過去分詞的邏輯賓語 賓語和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動關系 例如 Iwanttheletterposted 我想把這封信寄出去 2 少數不及物動詞如go change fall等的過去分詞作賓語補足語時 僅表示動作完成 因此 賓語與過去分詞之間不存在邏輯上的被動關系 例如 Shefoundhernecklacegoneonherwayhome 在回家的路上 她發現項鏈不見了 3 動詞seat hide dress等的過去分詞作賓語補足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動的意義 因此 雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動關系 但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補足語 例如 WhenIcamein Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner 我進來時 發現一個陌生的女孩坐在角落里 使役動詞get have make keep leave等后 可用過去分詞做賓語補足語 表 致使某人或某事被 Weshouldkeeptheminformedofwhatisgoingonhere Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentist s 需用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況 Ihadmyrecorderrepaired Iaskedsomebodyelsetorepairit Ihadtheroomcleaned Iorganizedit Hehadhisfootinjured somethingbadhappened Tom Hehadhishaircut Hehadhisclotheswashed Hehadhisroomcleaned Hehadhiswallspainted Hehadhiscarrepaired hair clothes room walls car Hegothisleginjured Hegothisglassesbroken Hegothiscameradamaged Hegothiswalletstolen 2 感官動詞feel find hear notice see watch等表示感覺和心理狀態的動詞之后 表 感受到某人或某事被做 IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown Lily ShefoundPeter shaircut Shefoundhisroomcleaned Shefoundhiscarrepaired Shefoundhisclotheswashed Shefoundthewallspainted hair clothes room walls car Isawhim beat beatenbyhismother Isaw bite himbittenbyadog Isaw knockdown himknockeddownbyacar Isaw rob himrobbedbyaman Isawhim takentothehospital Isawhimbeatenbyhismother Isawhimbittenbyadog Isawhimrobbedbyaman Isawhimknockeddownbyacar Isawhimtakentothehospital Fillintheblanks Iheardsomeone me Iheardmyname IfoundTom thewindow Ifoundthewindow calling called break broken Ihadmywatchrepaired Ihadmyroomcleaned Ihadmyfootinjured Shefoundhishaircut Shefoundhisclotheswashed Shefoundhisroomcleaned havesth sb done findsth sbdone Hegothisleginjured Hegothiscameradamaged Hegothisglassesbroken getsth sbdone Isawhimbeatenbyhismother Isawhimbittenbyadog Isawhimrobbedbyaman seesth sb done Imadehimpunished makesth sb done Iwatchedhimkilled watchsth sbdone 3 表示 意欲 命令 的動詞如 like order want wish 相當于過去分詞短語前省略了tobe 表示 希望 要求某人或某事被做 Iwishtheseletters tobe typedassoonaspossible Hedidn twantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano 看watch notice see lookat observecatch聽hear listento 感feel聞smell發現find 情感want wish like 使役keep leave get have make Sth sb done Sth sb 被 1 BeingpooratEnglish I mafraidIcan tmakemyself A understandB tounderstandC understandingD understood 2 Ihavehadmybike andI mgoingtohavesomebody myradiotomorrow A repair torepairB repairing toberepairedC repaired repairD torepair repairing 3 Youmustgetthework beforeFriday A doB todoC doingD done 4 theroom thenursefoundthetape recorder A Entering stealingB Entering stolenC Tohaveentered beingstolenD Havingentered tobestolen 5 Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem soquickly A settledB havingbeensettledC besettledD settling settle解決 4 有時過去分詞作賓補可以變為被動語態 這時過去分詞改作主語補足語 說明主語所處的狀態 Thedoorwasfoundbroken Herbagwasfoundstolenwhenshewokeup 5 with 賓語 過去分詞 結構中 過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補足語 這一結構通常在句中作時間 方式 條件 原因等狀語 例如 Themurdererwasbroughtin withhishandstiedbehindhisback 兇手被帶進來了 他的雙手被綁在背后 表方式 Withwaterheated wecanseethesteam 水一被加熱 我們就會看到水蒸氣 表條件 Withthemattersettled weallwenthome 事情得到解決 我們都回家了 表原因 注意 在這一結構中 當賓語為某一身體部位 且作賓補的動詞是及物動詞時 身體部位通常是過去分詞的邏輯賓語 因而過去分詞不可換用現在分詞 Shestoodinfrontofhim withhereyesfixedonhisface 她站在他面前 眼睛注視著他 fixone seyeson為固定短語 因此 不可將句中fixed換為fixing Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised 他仍然舉著手站了一會兒 當用某些不及物動詞的分詞形式作身體部位的賓補時 用現在分詞的形式 Shefeltherheartbeatingfast 她覺得心跳很快 beat意為 心跳 是不及物動詞 掌握 使役動詞have 賓語 過去分詞 的幾種含義 在 have 賓語 過去分詞 結構中 過去分詞作賓語補足語 have也可用get 這一結構具有以下幾種含義 意為 主語請別人做某事 例如 Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow 他明天想去檢查眼睛 檢查 的動作由醫生來進行 2 意為 主語遭遇 遭受某一不愉快 不測的事情 例如 Becareful oryou llhaveyourhandshurt 當心 否則會弄傷手的 3 意為 使完成某事 事情既可以是別人做完 也可以由主語參與完成 例如 Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning 他今早把墻漆了 主語自己可能參與 6 過去分詞與不定式 現在分詞作賓補的區別 三者與賓語邏輯上都是主謂關系 但過去分詞強調他們之間的被動關系 不定式強調動作發生的全過程 現在分詞強調他們之間的主動關系 正在進行 Isawhercomeintotheclassroom Isawhercomingintotheclassroom Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom 省略to的情況 1 情態動詞 除ought外 oughtto 2 使役動詞let have make 3 感官動詞see watch lookat notice observe hear listento smell feel find等后作賓補 省略to 注意 在被動語態中則to不能省掉 Isawhimdance Hewasseentodance Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight Exercise Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear A carryoutB carryingoutC carriedoutD tocarryout2 Mrs Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad wentwrongagain A itB itrepairedC repairedD toberepaired 3 Withalotofdifficultproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled4 Withtrees flowersandgrass everywhere mynativetownhadtakenanewlook A plantingB plantedC toplantD tobeplanted 5 Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell careof A takeB tobetakenC takenD taking6 Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade tothepublicuntillastThursday A knowingB knownC toknowD tobeknown 7 Icanmakeyou whatIsay butyoucan tmakeyourself inEnglish A understand understandB understand understoodC tounderstand understandD understand tobeunderstood 8 Hefoundthem atatable A sat toplaychessB sitting toplaychessC seated playingchessD seat playthec