Module 2 A Job Worth Doing一積詞匯見多識廣課內單詞回扣(一)閱讀詞匯寫其義1immigration n. 移民 2.visa n簽證3reception n. 歡迎會；招待會 4.embassy n. 使館_5awkward adj. 尷尬的 6.coincidence n. 巧合7sigh v. 嘆氣，嘆息 8.circumstance n. 情形，情況(二)表達詞匯寫其形1serious adj. 嚴肅的 2.lack v. 缺乏，缺少3opportunity n. 機會 4.certain pron. 某些5reply n. 回答，答復，回信 6.tease v. 戲弄，嘲弄，揶揄7interrupt v. 打斷 8.purpose n. 目的9fool n. 傻瓜，笨蛋 10.anyhow adv. 不管怎么說，無論如何(三)拓展詞匯靈活用*1.impolite adj.不禮貌的(反義詞)polite adj.禮貌的impolitely adv.不禮貌地*2.confidently adv.自信地confident adj.自信的confidence n自信心3advance adj.預先的，在前的 n前進；進步 v前進；促進；提前advanced adj.先進的；高級的4application n申請apply v申請applicant n申請人；應聘者5absence n缺乏，不存在absent adj.缺乏的；不在的，缺席的*6.apology n道歉，致歉apologise v道歉7acquaintance n熟人，相識的人acquaint v認識；使熟悉8cautious adj.謹慎的，慎重的，小心的caution n謹慎，慎重，小心*9.imagine v想象imagination n想象(力)；幻想imaginative adj.創造性的；富有想象力的*10.successful adj.成功的success n成功succeed v成功；接替，繼承用上面標注*的單詞的正確形式填空1Tom apologised to Mary the other day for his rudeness; of course, she accepted his apology.(apologise)2Tom used to be confident about his future. He said confidently that he would go to a key college. But his confidence was badly shaken by the failure in the final examination. (confident)3Generally speaking, an inventor needs a creative imagination,_but can you imagine a little boy like him can make so imaginative a model ship？(imagine)4He succeeded his father as manager of the company. Soon their business became very successful. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success. (success)5Its impolite for you to speak to your parents impolitely in public. On the contrary, its polite to talk to them gently. (polite),話題單詞積累1consult/knslt/ vt.請教；商量 2forgive/fIv/ vt. 原諒3relax/rIlks/ vt.&vi. (使)放松4relaxing/rIlksI/ adj. 令人輕松的5relaxed/rIlkst/ adj. 輕松的6enthusiastic/InjuzIstIk/ adj.熱情的7sincere/sInsI/ adj. 真誠的8modest/mdIst/ adj. 謙虛的9reliable/rIlaIbl/ adj. 可信賴的10patient/peI()nt/ adj. 有耐心的11trust/trst/ vt. 相信；信任12complain/kmpleIn/ vt.&vi. 抱怨13embarrass/Imbrs/ vt. 使尷尬14appreciate/priIeIt/ vt. 欣賞，感激15appreciation/priIeI()n/ n. 欣賞，感激16friendliness/fren(d)lInIs/ n. 友情，友善17admit/dmIt/ vt. 承認，允許18allow/la/ vt. 允許； 許可19recommend/rekmend/ vt. 推薦，介紹20remind/rImaInd/ vt. 提醒21advise/dvaIz/ vt. 建議22avoid/vId/ vt. 避免23ignore/In/ vt. 不理睬；忽視24disagree/dIsri/ vi. 不同意25disturb/dIstb/ vt. 打擾26refuse/rIfjuz/ vt. 拒絕27reject/rIdekt/ vt. 拒絕；排斥28regret/rIret/ v. 抱歉，后悔29warn/wn/ v. 警告30topic/tpIk/ n. 話題31conversation/knvseI()n/ n. 交談32chat/tt/ v&n. 聊天；閑談33gossip/sIp/ vi.&n. 閑話34awkwardness/kwdns/ n. 尷尬35prejudice/preddIs/ n. 偏見 二積短語頓挫抑揚課內短語回扣(一)根據漢語寫出下列短語1make_friends交朋友，建立友誼2(be)_nervous_about 對神經緊張/害怕/膽怯/焦慮不安*3.think_of 想起，回憶起4find_out 了解(到)；找出(信息)*5.in_addition 除此之外，另外6as_a_consequence 因此，結果*7.cheer_sb._up 使某人高興/振作起來*8.leave_out 省去，刪去9(be)_aware_of 知道；意識到*10.show_off 炫耀(二)用上面標注*的短語完成下列句子1In order to show_off his new car, Mike drove to the pub.2I think_of the happy time we spent together every time I go back to my hometown.3When I encounter difficulties, her eyes will encourage me and help cheer_me_up.4Take care not to leave_out anything useful when you leave.5Its too late to go to the football match now; in_addition,_its beginning to rain. 話題短語積累1make up和解2communicate with 與交流3pass the time 打發時間4share .with . 與分享5depend/rely on 依靠，相信6have .in common 有共同之處7be on good terms with sb. 與某人關系好8be honest with sb. 對某人很坦誠9think highly/much of sb. 對某人評價高10have words with . 與發生口角11calm .down (使)平靜下來；(使)鎮靜下來12get through 接通電話13call up/ring up 打電話14take it easy 別緊張15good manners 有禮貌16wait in a line 排隊等候17call off 取消18turn down 拒絕19get/be tired of 對厭煩20have trouble in doing sth. 在做某事方面有困難 三積句式寫作扮靚課內句式仿寫1“祈使句and陳述句”例句Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!仿寫再給我一個小時，我會把工作做完的。Give_me_one_more_hour,_and Ill get the work finished.2every time引導時間狀語從句例句Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.” 仿寫每當我看到這張照片時，我總想起在大學的美好時光。Every_time_I_see_the_photo,_I always think of the wonderful time in university.3itbe動詞過去分詞that從句例句It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.仿寫眾所周知，“有志者，事竟成。”(2014四川高考滿分作文)Its_known_to_all_that “Where is a will, there is a way.”話題佳句背誦1Not only are they modest, but also they are very polite to teachers and other students.他們不僅謙遜而且對老師和其他同學非常有禮貌。2We should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我們應當彼此友善，這對于享受和諧的生活是必要的。3As far as Im concerned, to build a good relationship, we should trust each other first.就我個人而言，要建立良好的關系，我們首先應該彼此信任。4In my opinion, this relationship should be filled with love, care, understanding, and respect, so we can exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.我認為，這種關系應該充滿愛、關心、理解和尊重，因此我們能夠自由地交換觀點，并且能夠相處融洽。四背語段語感流暢What is small talk? Small talk is a relaxing conversation that people make to pass the time or avoid awkwardness. You can make small talk when waiting in a line at the store, or while waiting for a bus or a lift. Though the topics in small talk are not important, small talk itself is very important. It makes other people relaxed. It breaks the silence and passes the time pleasantly. In addition, it shows friendliness and good manners.閑聊是什么？閑聊就是人們用來打發時間或避免尷尬所進行的輕松的談話。您可以在商店排隊時閑聊，或者在等公共汽車或電梯時閑聊。雖然閑聊的主題并不重要，但是閑聊本身非常重要。它讓其他人放松。它打破沉寂，愉快地打發時間。另外，它還表明友好和禮貌。第一板塊重點詞匯突破師生共研詞匯1lack v缺乏，缺少n.缺乏；短缺的東西教材原句Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you dont know?你是否想結交更多的朋友，但是又缺乏與陌生人交談的信心？(1)lack sth.缺乏/少某物(2)(a) lack of . 缺乏/少for lack of 因缺乏(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的be lacking in 缺少(品質、特點等)；在方面缺乏Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.盡管缺錢，但他的父母還是設法供他上了大學。Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.并不是鍛煉使你健康，更應該是缺乏鍛煉讓你身體虛弱，容易遭受疾病的侵襲。For_lack_of confidence, she is lacking_in skills of communicating.因缺少自信，她缺乏交流技巧。名師指津lack既可以作動詞也可作名詞。作及物動詞時不能用于被動語態，后面直接接賓語；作不及物動詞時常接介詞for；作名詞時，后面常用介詞of。2absence n缺乏，不存在教材原句Esther Greenbaums major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk.埃斯特戈林鮑姆的主要缺點是她根本不會閑聊。(1)absence from缺席；不在absence of mind 心不在焉，精神恍惚in the absence of 由于缺乏；(物)不存在；缺少/席during/in ones absence 在某人不在/缺席的時候(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在場的(后置定語)be absent from . 不參加，缺席be present at 出席absentminded absence of mind心不在焉的However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment.然而，在缺乏母語環境的情況下學習作為外語的英語相當困難。I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in_my_absence.明天我要出差；我不在時馬克管理公司。Please excuse my absence from class today, because I got a bad cold yesterday evening and didnt sleep well at night.請原諒我今天不能上課，因為我昨天晚上得了重感冒并且晚上沒有睡好。Dear Miss, I am writing to apologize to you for being absent (absence) from the activity of the English club on May 5th.親愛的老師，我因沒有參加5月5日的英語俱樂部活動而寫信向你道歉。3apology n道歉，致歉高考佳句I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.(2016全國卷書面表達)我應向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去書店。(1)make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 應向某人道歉 (2)apologise v. 道歉apologise to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉I think you should apologise to your brother for being so rude to him.I think you should make_an_apology to your brother for being so rude to him.你對你弟弟那么粗魯，我認為你應該為此向他道歉。Please accept_our_apology for the inconvenience this matter has given you. 對此事給您帶來的不便，請接受我們的歉意。4imagine v想象，設想高考佳句I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.(2014全國卷滿分作文)我經常想象將來我的生活會是什么樣子。(1)imagine (sb.) doing sth.想象(某人)做某事imagine從句 想象imagine sb./sth. as/to be 把某人/物想象成；認為某人/物是(2)imagination n. 想象力；創造力She imagined walking (walk) into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them. 她想象自己走進辦公室，告訴每個人自己對他們的看法。I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as/to_be a kind and gentle person.我從未見過我的祖母，但我總把她想象成一個善良、溫和的人。 Sometimes, imagination (imagine) is more important than knowledge during our studies.有時候，在學習過程中想象力比知識更重要。名師指津imagine后接v.ing形式，不接不定式作賓語，有時可加上v.ing形式動作的發出者(常用代詞賓格或形容詞性物主代詞構成動名詞的復合結構)。詞匯過關練.單句語法填空1He just graduated from the university last month, so he is lacking in working experience.2I recommend making seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience.3He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.4The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.5Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not plan to_apologise. (apologise)6I cant imagine him living (live) in the old house by himself without electricity.7If you joke with him, hell think youre looking down on him on purpose.8I planned to leave the next day but under the circumstances I decided to stay another night.單句改錯1Poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack for sense of belonging.forof2Nothing happened during his absence of America.offrom3Every time he interrupts me, he always makes apology to me.apology前加an4Its hard to imagine live in a place where there are no telephones or cars.liveliving5It is sure that he has passed the examination, and I am sure I will pass it too.第一個surecertain.單句寫作(一句多譯)1由于缺錢，這個可憐的女孩不能買這本書。The poor girl cant buy this book for_lack_of_money.(for lack of)Lacking_money,_the poor girl cant buy this book. (lack分詞短語作狀語)Because_she_lacks_money,_the poor girl cant buy this book.(lack v. 原因狀語從句)2我不得不為遲到向班主任道歉。I had to apologise_to_the_headteacher_for my being late.(apologise to sb. for )I had to make_an_apology_to_the_headteacher_for my being late.(make an apology)3我認為我們的校長是一個負責任的領導。I imagine_our_headmaster_as/to_be a responsible leader. (imagine sb. as/to be .)I imagine_our_headmaster_is a responsible leader. (imagine 從句)第二板塊短語、句式突破1leave out省去，刪去；漏掉；忽視；忽略；不考慮教材原句Notice how certain words are left out in informal conversation.注意在非正式談話中是如何省略某些詞的。一詞多義寫出下列句中leave out的含義You can leave out the parts of the story that are not interesting.省去，刪去No wonder you couldnt get through. Youve left out a zero in this phone number.漏掉All the others seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.忽視We left out the possibility of his coming to the party.不考慮leave for someplace動身去某地leave behind 遺留，遺忘；使落后leave sb. alone 不打擾某人；不管某人leave sth. aside 不予考慮，擱在一邊Either one goes forward or he will be left_behind.不進則退。If left_alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. 如果把貓和狗丟在外面不管，它們很快就會找到溫暖的棲身之處。2show off炫耀教材原句Income is a very private matter, and youd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth.收入屬于個人隱私，所以你最好避免問別人掙多少錢，盡管有些人對此不僅不加隱瞞，反而還炫耀他們的財富。show up到場，出現，露面show sb. around 領某人(到處)參觀show sb. in/out 領某人進來/出去on show 在展出Though Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature, he doesnt like to show himself off in public. Therefore, he seldom shows up on the TV screen.盡管莫言獲得了諾貝爾文學獎，但他并不愿意在公眾面前炫耀自己。所以，他很少出現在電視屏幕上。Ill be very glad to show you around our beautiful city when you arrive.你到達時，我非常樂意帶你參觀我們這座美麗的城市。3Her motto was “Every_time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”她的“座右銘”是“每當我張口，就會講錯話。”every time相當于each time，是名詞短語用作從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“每次”。常見的可用作從屬連詞的名詞短語或副詞還有：(1)the first time第一次時(the) next time 下次時any time 任何時候(the) last time 上次/最后一次時(2)the minute/moment/instant 一就(3)immediately/instantly/directly 一就Every/Each_time I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時，他都在專注地看報紙。The_first_time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.我第一次采訪他時，他看起來有點緊張。Next_time_you_come_to_Beijing,_be sure to let me know in advance. 下次你來北京時，務必提前告訴我。名師指津the first time用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“第一次時”。for the first time是介詞短語，只能用作狀語，意為“第一次”。短語、句式過關練.leave短語填空1The printer has left_out two lines from this paragraph.2My aunt is leaving_for Beijing at eleven oclock tomorrow morning.3I wonder why they left_aside such an important question.4Were going to be_left_behind by the rest of the world if we dont do all we can to catch up.5I am really terrified of being_left_alone in that house.用show短語完成下面語段My son 1.showed me around his schoolyard last week. When we approached their science lab, he 2.showed me in and 3.showed_off the advanced instruments 4.on_show. After all was finished he 5.showed me out of the school gate.句型轉換1Ill never forget the excitement when I saw the sea for the first time.Ill never forget the excitement the_first_time I saw the sea.2The virus is believed to have spread in many countries.It_is_believed_that the virus has spread in many countries.3If you take this medicine, youll be fine.Take_this_medicine_and youll be fine.4However boring the lecture is, you must listen to it carefully.No_matter_how boring the lecture is, you must listen to it carefully.提能一用課文詞匯寫高分作文apologise， advanced， imagine， in advance， show off， lack of， every time， in ones absence 1補全要點句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語)經理要求我們提前完成任務以炫耀他的工作能力。The manager required us to finish the task in_advance to show_off his ability to work.因為缺少先進的設備，我們沒有按時完成任務，他要求我們為此向他道歉。Because of (a) lack_of advanced equipment, we didnt finish it on time, and he demanded we should apologise to him for it.你可以想象當時我有多生氣。You could imagine how angry I was at that time.每次我記起這件事，我仍然很生氣。Every_time I remember it, I still get annoyed.我們不得不服從他，但是有時候在他不在時我們會抱怨。We had to obey him, but we sometimes complained in_his_absence.他被認為是一個不受歡迎的經理。He_is_believed_to_be an unpopular manager.2升級平淡句(1)用“介詞關系代詞”把句改寫成定語從句Because_of_(a)_lack_of_advanced_equipment,_we_didnt_finish_it_on_time,_for_which_he_demanded_we_should_apologise_to_him._(2)用“Itbe過去分詞that .”句型改寫句It_is_believed_that_he_is_an_unpopular_manager.3銜接成語篇(注意使用適當的過渡銜接詞匯： but, although, in a word)The manager required us to finish the task in advance to show off his ability to work. But because of (a) lack of advanced equipment, we didnt finish it on time, for which he demanded we should apologise to him. You could imagine how angry I was at that time. Every time I remember it, I still get annoyed. Although we had to obey him, we sometimes complained in his absence. In a word, it is believed that he is an unpopular manager.提能二用課文句型解構高考長難句本單元突破點多個定語從句狀語從句經典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長難句Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the caf or party, etc.本句含有兩個定語從句一個是where two strangers are talking to each other，修飾situation；另一個是(whom) they both know，修飾someone和一個時間狀語從句(由連詞after連接)。但是，在缺乏信任，做錯事的人不承擔責任來修復錯誤時，你就不可能成功。真題長難句But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.(2015全國卷閱讀七選五)本句含有兩個定語從句一個是that results from an action，修飾relationship；另一個是where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake，修飾action和一個時間狀語從句(由when連接)。本模塊的話題是“人際關系”，是高考常考話題之一。“閑談”一詞的別樣說法有很多，比如“聊天”“侃大山”“擺龍門陣”等等。了解東西方人們聊天的方式、技巧、內容等的異同有助于我們更深的了解西方文化。縱觀歷年各地高考試題，此話題在聽力、完形填空、閱讀理解、閱讀七選五等題型中頻繁出現。話題與語篇考題示例(2016浙江高考閱讀A)1 “Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？” Lindsey whispers to Tori.2 With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”3 Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happens to be yours truly, Adam Freedman. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip (閑話). I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.4 An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.5 If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor (傳言) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others dont. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority (優越感)6 Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professo