專項技能保分練(五)詞義猜測題A[2019·安徽六校聯考]IcanproudlysaythatlastyearIbroketherecordfortheoldestpersonintheworldtoridearollercoaster.I'm105,butIfeelyounger.EventhedoctoragreesI'mingoodcondition.I'mabitdeafandmylegsfeelweak,buttheyaretheonlyissues.IrodetheTwistosaurusatFlamingoIwasn'tnervous—Idon'tgetfrightenedofanything.Iwassecurelyfastened,soIknewIwouldn'tfallout.Therollercoasterridewentonforthreeorfourminutes,anditcouldn'tbeabetterexperience.AndIraisedalotofmoneyfortheDerbyshire,Leicestershire&RutlandAirAmbulanceFund,whichwasfantastic.PeopleweresayingI'dgotaplaceintheGuinnessWorldRecords.Later,someonecametopresentmewiththecertificate.Ihaditonthewallinmylivingroom,withanotheronethatIhadgottenayearearlier.Myrecord-breakingwaysreallybeganacoupleofyearsago,withtheIceBucketChallenge.ItturnedoutthatIwasprobablytheoldestpersonintheworldtodoit,andthevideowasverypopular.Afterthat,IstartedtothinkaboutwhatelseIcoulddotoraisemoneyfordifferentcharities.I'mnotsureifanyoneadmiresallthefunI'mhaving.TheyjustsayI'mdaftandthat'saboutit.ButI'vehadmanygooddaysandmanyexcitingtimes.I'vehadareallygoodlife,Idon'tthinkI'vewastedanyofit.體裁：記敘文題材：人物故事主題：世界上最年長的坐過山車的老人【語篇解讀】一位105歲的老人成了世界上最年長的坐過山車的人。他身體健康、樂于助人，通過嘗試一些刺激的事為一些慈善機構籌錢。1．Whydidn'ttheauthorchoosetogoontheTwistosaurus?A．Hewasinabadphysicalcondition.B．Hewastoldnottodoso.C．Heconsideredittoogentle.D．Hethoughtitspuntoofast.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。據文章第二段中的“IrodetheTwistosaurusatFlamingoLand,whichspinsyouroundquitefast.Ididn'tchoosetogoonthat.I'dhavepreferredareallyfastonethatwentupsidedown”可知，作者本來更喜歡一種可以讓人倒懸的更快的過山車，由此可推知，作者認為theTwistosaurus太溫和了。故選C項。2．Howdidtheauthormostprobablyreactwhileridingtherollercoaster?A．Hereallyenjoyedhimself.B．Hewasveryworriedatfirst.C．Hecouldn'tthinkmuchaboutit.D．Hegotfrightenedasitstartedmoving.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的“Iwasn'tnervous—Idon'tgetfrightenedofanything”和“Therollercoasterridewentonforthreeorfourminutes,anditcouldn'tbeabetterexperience”可知，作者并不緊張，過山車持續三四分鐘，作者認為沒有比這更好的體驗了。由此可知，作者玩得很開心，故選A項。3．WhatdoyouknowabouttheauthorfromParagraph4?A．Hewastheoldestpersonintheworld.B．Hesetarecordtheyearbeforelastyear.C．Hedislikedshowingoffhissuccess.D．Hewaseagertogetcertificates.答案與解析：B考查細節理解。根據第四段中的“Ihaditonthewallinmylivingroom,withanotheronethatIhadgottenayearearlier”可知，作者把此次吉尼斯世界紀錄證書和一年前得到的一起掛在了起居室的墻上。由此可知，作者在一年前已經創下了一個紀錄。故選B項。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“daft”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Healthy.B．Strong.C．Crazy.D．Funny.答案與解析：C考查詞義猜測。根據文章內容及畫線詞所在句子“TheyjustsayI'mdaftandthat'saboutit.”可知，在大多數人眼里一位105歲的老人坐過山車、進行冰桶挑戰等簡直就是瘋狂，由此可知，daft在此表示“瘋狂的”。A項healthy意為“健康的”；B項strong意為“強壯的”；D項funny意為“可笑的”。其他三項均不符合語境。故選C項。B[2019·長春市質量監測]Playisvitalineverychild'sdevelopment,andfortoddlers(蹣跚學步的小孩)thebenefitsofplayespeciallycometolifewhentheycanconnectwithparentsduringplaytime.Toraiseawarenessandhelpparentscreatethetimeandattentionspanneeded.TheLegoGrouplaunchesa“Donotdisturbplaytime”campaign.21daysiswhatittakesonaveragetobreakahabit,sofor21daystheLegoteamwillnotpostonsocialmediaduring“todderplaytime”，definedas5a．m.—8p．m.Withsocialmediabeinganintegratedpartandcreativeinspirationtomodernfamilylife,itisnosurprisethatresearcherscallourdigitalbehaviorasaconcerningobstacletoqualityplaytime.“Whilewearehooked_onourcellphones,weshouldthinkaboutturningthemoffwheninteractingwithouryoungchildren.Kidslearnsomuchfromusandwedon'twanttogetinthewayofthat.Takelanguagelearningforexample.Whennurturingcaregiverstalktotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyareinterestedin,ithelpsthemlearnnewwordsandnewwaystoexpressthemselves.Ourresearchshowsthattheuseofcellphonesinaconversationbetweenparentsandchildrendisturbschildren'swordlearning，”advisesRobertaGolinkoff,Ph.D.,ProfessorattheUniversityofOurresearchshowsthatparentstodayunderstandtheirsignificantrolesininsuringtheirkidsgrowuptobehappy,well-rounded,andequippedforthefuture.Atthesametime,manyworryaboutnotspendingenoughtimewiththeirtoddlers.Legowantstoinspireparentstomakethesmallmomentsmemorable.“Weknowparentstodayfeelmoretime-starvedthaneverbefore.Manyfeelguiltyaboutnotspendingenoughtimewiththeirlittleones.Throughthe‘Donotdisturbplaytime’campaignwehopetoreassureparentsthatit'snotsomuchtheamountoftimetheyspendwiththeirkids,butthesmallmeaningfulmomentstheycreateduringplay，”saidSteffenJensen,LEGOCroupSeniorMarketingDirector.體裁：說明文題材：文化教育主題：家長陪孩子玩耍時應專注【語篇解讀】本文通過樂高公司的一項活動，引發人們的思考：與孩子互動時，父母應該關掉手機，專注于陪伴孩子玩耍與成長。5．Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“hookedon”inParagraph3?A．Addictedto.B．Familiarwith.C．Excitedabout.D．Strictin.答案與解析：A考查詞義猜測。根據畫線詞后的“weshouldthinkaboutturningthemoffwheninteractingwithouryoungchildren”可知，我們在與孩子交流的時候應該關掉手機。while在此表示轉折，由此可知，前半句的意思是雖然我們著迷于手機。選A項。6．Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage?A．Digitalbehaviorissupposedtobetotallyabandonedinourdailylife.B．Parentstodayattachlittleimportancetospendingtimewiththeirchildren.C．Parentshavemoretimethanbeforesotheyshouldaccompanytheirchildren.D．Thiscampaignisintendedtoarouseparents'awarenessoftheimportanceofplaytime.答案與解析：D考查細節理解。根據第一段中的“Toraiseawarenessandhelpparentscreatethetimeandattentionspanneeded，...launchesa‘Donotdisturbplaytime’campaign.”可知，創建這一活動的目的是幫助提高父母的意識，為他們提供陪孩子玩耍的時間并積聚其注意力。因此，該活動的目的是提高父母重視和孩子游戲時間的意識。故選D項。7．WhatmightbeRobertaGolinkoff'sattitudetowardthecampaign?A．DisapprovingB．Unconcerned.C．Critical.D．Supportive.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的“...weshouldthinkaboutturningthemoffwheninteractingwithouryoungchildren.”可知，羅伯塔給出的建議是父母在與孩子交流的時候應該關掉手機。由此可知，羅伯塔的建議與活動的目的一致，因此，她是支持該活動的。故選D項。8．Whileinteractingwiththeirchildren,whatareparentsadvisedtodo?A．Expressthemselvesinnewways.B．Focusonchildren'slanguagelearning.C．Creatememorableandmeaningfulexperiences.D．Providechildrenwithbigprojectsratherthansmallones.答案與解析：C考查細節理解。根據倒數第二段中的“Legowantstoinspireparentstomakethesmallmomentsmemorable.”以及最后一段中的“butthesmallmeaningfulmomentstheycreateduringplay”可知，家長們被建議把小的瞬間變得難忘且有意義。故選C項。C[2019·山西省階段檢測]VisitorstoHennna,arestaurantoutsideNagasaki,Japan,aregreetedbyanunusualsight:Theirfoodbeingpreparedbyarowofhumanoidrobots.Thenameofthe“beadchef”isAndrew.Usinghistwolongarms,hestirsbatter(面糊)inametalbowl,thenpoursitontoahotgrill.Inanearbyhotel,robotscheckguestsintotheirroomsandhelpwiththeirluggage.CEOHideoSawada,whorunstherestaurantandthehotel,predictedthat70%ofthejobsatJapan'shotelswouldbeautomated(自動化)inthenextfiveyears.Hesaid,“Sinceyoucanworkthem24hoursaday,andtheydon'tneedvacation,eventuallyit'smorecost-effectivetousetherobot.”This_is_seemingly_worrying.Infact,inAmerica,oneofthefewbrightspotsinrecentyearshasbeenemploymentinrestaurantsandhotels.InthecompanyPanera,becauseofitsnewkiosks,anappthatallowscustomerstoplaceordersonline,thechainisnowprocessingmoreordersoverall,whichmeansitneedsmoretotalworkerstomeetconsumers'demand.CustomerswhouseStarbucks'appreturnmorefrequentlythanthosewhodon't.Starbucksemployed8percentmorepeopleintheU．S.in2016thanitdidin2015,theyearitlaunchedtheapp.Ofcourse,whetherautomationisanetbenefitforworkersinrestaurantsandhotelsandnotjustacompetitiveadvantageforonechainoveranotherwilldependonwhetheranimprovedcustomerexperiencemakesAmericansmorelikelytodineoutandstayathotels,ratherthanbrown-baggingitorlookingfortheAirbnbtobookuniquehomes.體裁：議論文題材：科普知識主題：自動化對餐飲業和旅店業就業市場的影響【語篇解讀】文章通過描述機器人在餐廳和旅館進行工作的場景以及應用軟件的使用，引發了自動化對餐飲業和旅店業就業市場的討論。9．WhydoesthewriterdescribetheunusualsightinParagraph1?A．Topromoterobots.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tovoicehisopinion.D．Toshowthebackground.答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。文章第一段描述日本一家餐館以機器人為大廚、一家旅館由機器人為客人提供服務，用這兩個例子來吸引讀者的注意，并引入自動化的主題。故選B項。10．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3mean?A．Automationmaybeachallengetohumanjobs.B．Automationmayincreasebusinesscosts.C．Workersmayfailtofocusontheirtasks.D．Manycompaniesmayfailtosurvive.答案與解析：A考查詞義猜測?！癟hisisseeminglyworrying.”是一個承上啟下的句子，This指的是第二段中的“Sinceyoucanworkthem24hoursaday,and...tousetherobot.”，表示我們可以讓機器人每天工作24小時，而且機器人不需要假期，使用機器人更加劃算。但下一句又說近年來餐廳和旅館的就業形勢很好，所以畫線部分應是表達“這似乎是對人類工作的一個挑戰”，故選A項。11．WhatcanwelearnfromthetwocasesinParagraph3?A．Thetwocompaniesaretryingtotakeoverthemarketcompetitively.B．Automationcouldopenupmorejobchancesforhumans.C．StarbucksemployedmorepeoplethanPaneradidin2016.D．Au