命題點猜測詞義

本類考題解答錦囊

英語的一個顯著特點是它龐大的詞匯數(shù)量。即使一個擁有上萬單詞量的人在閱讀英語讀

物中也難免會遇到生詞。如果每遇到生詞，就查閱詞典，不但會降低閱讀速度，而且往往使

閱讀變得索然無味。據(jù)調(diào)查，影響人們閱讀理解的，首先是詞匯。因此學(xué)習(xí)并掌握一些猜測

生詞詞義的方法，時排除閱讀時某些生詞的干擾，降低生詞率是十分必要的。

任何一個買詞，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一個確定的詞義。NMET閱讀理解中

猜測詞義的考查內(nèi)容既可以是文中的生詞，也可以是熟詞新義、短語或句子。但都要求考生

根據(jù)上下文統(tǒng)索(即具體語境)作出推斷。此類題的提問形式一般有：

1.Whichofthefollowingisnearest/closestinmeaningto"..."?

2.Theunderlinedword,means.

3.Theunderlinedphrase,means.

4.Theunderlinedsentencezmeans.

利用上下文的提示猜測詞義的方法有如下幾種：

1.根據(jù)定義或解釋猜測詞義

【例題】

(1)Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.

根據(jù)定義，calendar的意思是H歷

(2)Abiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbysomeoneelse根據(jù)定義,

biography的意思是凡別人寫的生平叫做傳記。

(3)Somewritersarenolongerwritingaboutthemodernvaluesofthe

USA—money,Successorexpensivethingstobuy.

2.破折號后而的內(nèi)容是對value一詞的具體解釋。

【例題】

(l)Herepliedquickly.Butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,he

regrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.根據(jù)恥下文學(xué)語境意義，可悟出

quickly與hasty問義。

(2)Althoughpeopleinmanycountriesconsiderrawmeatadelicacy(美味)，we

Chinesepeopleseldomeatanymeatthatisuncooked.根據(jù)上下文語境意義得知

rawmeat即是meatthatisuncooked.Raw與uncooked表示相同意思生的，未

煮過的。

(3)—1thinkwearebeingwatched.

-Really?Whatmakesyouthinkweareundersurveillance?根據(jù)語境，可判斷

出beingwatched-15undersurveillance是同義關(guān)系。

(4)Duringtheconcert,thechildrenwerequietbutafterwards,theybecame

boiaterous.

but表示轉(zhuǎn)折意思，因此bomterous是quiet的反義詞，意思為吵吵嚷嚷的。

(5)Unlikehergregarioussister;Janeisashyperson,whodoesnotliketogoto

parties,ortomakenewfriends.

unlike是關(guān)鍵詞，它表示Jane與她的姐姐完全不同。根據(jù)后面對Jane的描述“…ashyper

son,...notliketogopartiesortomakenewfroends',可得知gregarious的意思

是好交際的。

3.根據(jù)舉例

【例題】

(l)Scientistsarestudyinghowbirdssuchternsmigrate.

根據(jù)舉例法(suchas),得知terns是一種鳥。

(2)Todayyoungcoupleswhoarejuststartingtheirhouseholdsoftenspendlots

oftheirmoneyonappliances?forexample,washing-machines,fridgesand

colorTVs.

根據(jù)舉例法(forexample),得知appUances是指washing-machines,fridgesand

colorTVs這類家用電器。

(3)Severalothergases,suchasargon,comprisetheremainingonepercentof

thevolumeofdryair.

SUChas提示argon為某種氣體。

4.根據(jù)因果關(guān)系。

【例題】

(l)Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinher

reading.

because之前的分句表示結(jié)果，之后的分句表示原因，可推理，她沒有聽見的原因是她

完全被閱讀吸引住了或她正全神貫注地看書。因此engrossed的意思是被吸引的，全神貫

注的。

(2)Thenoisewassofaintthatitwasimpossibletobesurewhatitwasoreven

whereitcamefronL

So...that...,結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的句子也表示因果關(guān)系。因此可判斷出faint在此句中的意

思是微弱的。聲音太弱，以致不能確認(rèn)是什么聲音或是從哪里發(fā)出的。

(3)ThiSkindofflowerthrivesinthisareabecausetheweatheriswarm,theSoil

isexcellent,andthereiSalotofrain。

because一詞決定了flowerwarmweather,excellentsOiLalOtOfrain之間是

因果關(guān)系。

因此thdves的意思是茂盛成長。

5.根據(jù)句意或上下文語境

例1Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisallwet.Idon'tliketobewiththe

them.

A.drunkB.sweatingC.happyD.mistaken

【解析】根據(jù)第二句我不喜歡跟他在一起，可推斷出，如果他認(rèn)為他能約我出去，那他

就錯了。這兩句話實際上暗含因果關(guān)系。

【答案】D

例2Attheageof77,Johnwasstillplayingaskillfulgameoftennis,ranfour

mileseveryddayandseldommissedhisdailyswim.Foramanofhisagehewas

extremelyrobust.

Accordingtotheshortpassage,theword“robust"，probably

means.

AostrangeB.weakC.strongninteresting

【答案】C根據(jù)語境的意思，一個77歲的人還能如此運動，可以說是身體不錯，

因此可以推斷robust是strong強壯的意思。

由此可見猜測詞義離不開上下文、離不開具體語境。

I高考最新熱門題

1.(典型例題，E卷)

T-shirtsout;uniformsin

SchooluniformsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularacrosstheU.S.A.

That'snosurprise,becausetheyoffermanybenefits.Theyimmediatelyendthe

powerfulsocialsortingandlabeling（標(biāo)記）thatcomefromclothing.Ifall

studentsaredressedinthesameway,theywillnotpaytoomuchattenticnto

theirclothing,andsomeofthemwillnotbelaughedatforwearingthe

"wrong'clothes.

Somepeopleareagainstthestrictruleofschooluniforms,buttheydonot

realizethatstudentsalreadyacceptakindofrule--wantingtolookjustlike

theirfriends.Thedifferenceisthattheclothingstudentschooseforthemselves

createssocialbarriers;schooluniformstearthosebarriersdown.

Asinotherplaces,uniformsremindthewearersoftheirpurposeandduties.

Forexample,whenamanorwomanputsonapoliceuniform,heorshe

becomes,foratime,thesymbol（象彳正）oftawandorder.Theuniformmeansto

thewearerhisorherspecialdutiesandsendsthesamemessagetoeveryone

thewearermeets.Peoplewithdifferentjobswearuniformsofonekindor

another.Forstudents,theschooluniformremindsthemthattheirtaskforthe

sixorsevenhourstheyareinschoolistogetaneducation.

Someparentsareunhappyaboutuniforms,sayingthatschooluniforms

willaffecttheirchildren's"creativity".First,asnotedabove,theclothes

studentschoosetoweardonotnecessarilyexpresstheirindividuality（個性）.

Theyjustcopytheirclassmates.Second,studentshavetherestofthedaytobe

ascreativeastheylike.Whilethey'reinschool,theirjobistomasterreading,

writing,andmath;thisshouldtakeupallthecreativitytheyhave.Masteryof

thoseskillswillbegoodforthestudentstobuilduptheircreativityineveryway.

1.InParagraph1,theword"benefits"probablymeans.

A.tasksB.messages

C.differencesD.advantages

2.Fromthepassagewelearnthatuniformsingeneral.

A.preventthewearersfrombeinglaughedat

B.helpthewearerskeeptheirdutiesinmind

C.areseenasasymbolofpower

D.helptocreatesocialbarriers

3.Somepeopleareagainstschooluniformsbecause.

A.theyfailtorealizethatstudentshaveacceptedtheuniforms

B.theybelievethatuniformswillmakestudentslesscreative

C.theydon'tagreethatuniformscanremovesocialbarriers

D.theythinkthatschooluniformsaretoopopular

4.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat

A.itmakesnodifferencewhethertowearschooluniformsornot

B.students'individualitymaynotcomefromschooleducation

C.students'creativityisrelatedto'theclothestheychoose

D.schooluniformshelptocreateequalityamongstudents

命題目的與解題技巧：本文有關(guān)題考查學(xué)生猜測詞義能力。做這類題的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)生根據(jù)上

下文線索（即具體語境）作出推斷。

【解析】本文是一篇關(guān)于是否該穿校服的爭論的議論文。有人認(rèn)為校服會扼殺孩子的

創(chuàng)造性，但很顯然作者是同意穿校服的，認(rèn)為穿校服可以在學(xué)生中間培養(yǎng)公平意識。

【答案】1.D猜測詞義。從下文看，作者例數(shù)校服的諸多好處，顯然“benifits”在

此有“優(yōu)點，好處”之義。其他三詞tasks（任務(wù)）,messages（信息），differences（不同），

意思相差甚遠。

2.B細節(jié)推斷。從第三段第一句話“AsinOtherplaces,uniformsremindthewearers

oftheirpurposeandduties”可推知，制服（unifontt）幫助穿衣者時刻記住其職責(zé)。

3.B細節(jié)題。從最后一段第一句：“Someparents...,sayin8thatschooluniforms

willaffecttheirchildren'screatiVity”可直接選出答案。

4.D主旨推斷題。縱覽全文，作者的觀點是認(rèn)為學(xué)生穿校服可以培養(yǎng)公平意識，對于創(chuàng)

造性可以在其他時間和事件中培養(yǎng)。

Passage[（典型例題B）

Thesedaysagreenbuildingmeansmorethanjustthecolorofthepaint.

Greenbuildingcanalsorefertoenvironmentallyfriendlyhouses,factories,and

offices.

Greenbuildingmeans"reducingtheimpact（影響）ofthebuildingonthe

land"TarynUolowkaoftheU.SGreenBuildingCouncilinWashington,D.C.

said.

AccordingtoHolowka,buildingsaccountfor（fiT）65percentoftotalU.$.

electricityuse.

Butgreenbuildingscanreduceenergyandwateruse.Also,thebuildings

areoftenlocatednearpublictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways,sothat

peoplecandrivetheircarsless.Thatcouldbegoodfortheenvironment,

becauseearsuselotsofgasandgiveoffpollution.Greenbuildingsareoften

builtondevelopedland,sothatthebuildingsdon'tdestroyforests.

MartyDettlingistheprojectmanagerforabuildingthatputtheseideas

intoaction.TheSolairehasbeencalledthecountry'sfirstgreenhigh-rise

building.AccordingtoDettling,"We'vereducedourenergyusebyone-thirdand

ourwaterby50percent.,

TheSolairecutsenergyinpartbyusingso]arpower."Onthelaceofthe

buildingwehavesolarpanelswhichchangethesun'senergyinto

electricity/Dettlingexplained.

TheSolairealsohaslightsthatautomaticallyturnoffwhenpeopleleave

theroom.Inaddition,thebuildinghaslotsofwindows,allowingpeopletouse

thesunforlightduringtheday.TheSolairecutswaterbyreusingit.

Noteveryoneiseagertomoveintoagreenbuilding,however.Some

peoplethinkthatthingslikesolarpanelscostmoremoneythanmoretraditional

energysources.Anyhow,Holowkasaid,"It'sgoingtobebig."1.Inthesecond

paragraph,theunderlinedwords"thebuilding"mostprobablyrefer

to.

A.anordinarybuilding

B.an.energy-savingbuilding

C.agreen-coloredbuilding

D.abuildinginWashington,D.C.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：文章第一段第二句首先介紹了當(dāng)今的Greenbuilding的概念是環(huán)保型的

houses,factories和offices。第二段第一句指出環(huán)保型建筑就是要減少thebuilding所

造成的（不良）影響。由此町判斷thebuiding為普通建筑。

2.Agreenbuildingisoftenbuiltonanareaofland.

A.whichhasthickforestsaround

13.whichhasalreadybeenusedforbuilding

C.wherepeopleofhighincomelive

D.wheretravelingaroundbycarismostconvenient

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第一句可知。第四段講了greenbuiding對于環(huán)境等的優(yōu)

點，A、C、D項內(nèi)容本段未提及。

3.WhenHolowkasaysinthelastparagraph,"It'sgoingtobe

big”，shemeansthatgreenbuildings.

A.willbemorecomfortable

B.willbecomepopularinthefuture

C.willbemoreenvironmentallyfriendly

D.willtaketheplaceoftraditionalbuildings

答案：B指導(dǎo)；根據(jù)前面幾段對于greenbuiding優(yōu)點的介紹，再根據(jù)最后一句中的

anyhow所表達的邏輯關(guān)系進行推理，可知答案。

4.Whatisthemainsubjectdiscussedinthetext?

A.DettlingdesignedthefirstgreenbuildingintheU.S.

B.Energyshortagecallsforbuildingsofnewdesign.

C.Greenbuildingshelpsaveenvironment.

D.TheSolaireservesasamodelofhighbuildings.

答案：C指導(dǎo)：文章第一段介紹greenbuilding是環(huán)保型的，下面又分段分紹它的優(yōu)點，

最后一段介紹其前景，因此可判斷C為正確答案。

Passage2（典型例題E）

Everyyearmorepeoplerecognizethatitiswrongtokillwildlifefor"sport".

Progressinthisdirectionisslowbecauseshootingisnotasportforwatching,

andonlythosefewwhotakepartrealizethecrueltyanddestruction.

Thenumberofgunners,however;growsrapidly.Childrentooyoungto

developproperjudgmentsthroughindepend-entthoughtareledalongway

awaybytheirgunningparents.Theyaresubjectedtoadvertisementsofgun

producerswhodescribeshootingasgoodfortheirhealthandguncarryingasa

wayofputtingredderbloodintheveins（血管）.Theyarepersnadedbygunner

magazineswithstorieshonoringthechaseandthekill.Inschooltheyview

motionpictureswhicharesupposedlymeanttoteachthemhowtodealwith

armssafelybutwhichareactuallydesignedtostimulate（刺激）adesiretoown

agun.

Wildlifeisdisappearingbecauseofshootingandbecauseofthelossof

wildlandhabitatHabitatlosswillcontin-uewithourincreasing

population,butcanweslowthelossofwildlifecausedbyshooting?There

doesn'tseemtobeanychanceiftheseriousconditionofourbirdsisnot

improved.

Wildlifebelongstoeveryoneandnottothegunnersalone.Althoughmost

peopledonotshoot,theyseemtoforgiveshootingforsportbecausethey

knowlittleornothingaboutit.Theonlyanswer;then,istobringthetruthaoout

sportshootingtothegreatmajorityofpeople.

Now,itistimetorealizethatanimalshavethesamerighttolifeaswedo

andthatthereisnothingfairorrightaboutapersonwithagunshootingthe

harmlessandbeautifulcreatures.Thegunnersliketodescribewhattheydoas

character-building,butweknowthattowoundananimalandwatchitgo

throughtheagonyofdyingcanmakenobodyhappy.If,astheywouldhaveyou

believe,gun-carryingandkillingimprovehumancharacter;thenperhapswe

shouldencouragewar.

1.Accordingtothetext,mostpeopledonotseemtobeagainsthunting

because.

A.theyhavelittleknowledgeofit

B.ithelpstobuildhumancharacter

C.itistoocostlytostopkillingwildlife

D.theywanttokeepwildlifeundercontrol

答案：A指導(dǎo)：第四段第二句是解此題的關(guān)鍵句。

2.Theunderlinedword"agony"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.

A.formB.conditionC.painD.sadness

答案：C指導(dǎo)：通過畫線詞所在句了?中的but所表達的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可推出該詞的含義。

3.Accordingtothetext,thefilmschildrenwatchatschoolactually.

A.teachthemhowtodealwithgunssafely

B.praisehuntingascharacter-building

C.describehuntingasanexercise

D.encouragethemtohavegunsoftheirown

答案：D指導(dǎo)：第一段最后一句是解本題的關(guān)鍵。

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorseemsto.

A.blamethemajorityofpeople

B.worryabouttheexistenceofwildlife

C.beinfavourofwar

D.beinsupportofcharacter-building

答案：B指導(dǎo)：本文最后一段反映出作者反對持槍捕措，從而揭示作者對于野生動物的生

存的擔(dān)憂之情7

Passage3（典型例題）

Millionsofaircrafttakeoffaroundtheworldeveryyear.Theskiestheyfly

inseemlimitless—milesofemptyspace.But,withthenumberofflights

increasingeachyear;thisemptinessnolongerexists.Researchersintheworld

ofaviation（航空）areworriedabouttheincreasingpressureonpilotsandground

controllers.Andincreasingcollisions,occurringatornearanairport,havecalled

attentiontotheneedformoreaids（輔助設(shè)備）toaviationcontrol.

Peoplewhotravetheskiesarenotcertainaboutairsafety.Agreatdealof

moneyisspentonnewandbiggeraircraftandairportstodealwiththevast

increaseinpassengerstravellingbyair.Onlyasmallpercentageofthismoney

isspentonnavigation（導(dǎo)航）andotheraids.Actually,suitableelectronic

equipmenthaslongexisted,andmanycompaniesmarketsafetyaidsdesigned

tomakeitsaferforaircrafttotakeoff,flyanydistance,anyland,whateverthe

weather.Yetztherearetwoproblemstobesolved.Thefirstistoget

governments,airlinesandairportofficialstoagreetobasiclevelsofsafetyaids.

Thesecondproblemistofindawayofmeetingthesebasicrequirements.

Butnomatterhowwelltheequipmentworks,operatorsoftheequipment

stillplayanimportantrole.Communicationsbetweenpilotsandground

controllersareextremelyimportanttoairsafety.Itisworthpointingoutthat

themishearingormisunderstandingofinstructionsinEnglish,andtheuseof

anotherlanguage,inaninternationalconversation,haveledtotworecent

aircraftaccidents.Anewtypeofinstrument（儀器）calledFLIGHTWATCHwould

helppilotspreventairportcollisions.Itwouldbeparticularlyhelpfulnear

airports.

1.Theincreasingnumberofflightsleadstothefactthat.

A.flyingisnolongerlimitedinthesky

B.thereisnoemptyspaceforaidstoaviationcontrol

C.pilotingandcontrollingplanesisgettingmoredifficult

D.thepressureonthegroundbecomesgreater

答案：C指導(dǎo)：第一段第三句話"Researchersiin...thepressureonpilotsand

groundcontrollers”意思是世界航空研究者們擔(dān)心飛行員和地面導(dǎo)航的日益增長的壓力，

正好與C項吻合。

2.Thereisuncertaintyaboutairsafetybecause.

A.planesbecomebiggerfortheincreasingnumberofpassengers

B.moneyspentonelectronicequipmentisfarfromenough

B.suitableelectronicequipmenthasn'tbeeninventedyet

D.itisdangerousforplanestotakeofforland

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第二段第一句話"Peoplewhotraveltheskiesarenot

certainaboutairsafet/'和最后三句話“Yet,therearetwoproblemstobesolvedc...w

可知B為最佳選項。

3.Theunderlinedword"collisions"probablymeans

A.accidentsinwhichtwoplaneshiteachother

B.misunderstandingsbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollers

C.quarrelsamongpassengers

D.breakdownsofnewtypesofinstrument

答案：A指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第一段第二句和第三句“匕機好像在幾公里這么寬的無限制空間中飛

行”，“然而隨著飛機數(shù)量的增多，這種無限的空間不存在了:由于空間有限，所以撞機事

件時有發(fā)生。

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.governmentsandofficialshavepaidgreatattentiontoairsafety

B.thereshouldbemorecompaniestosellnewsafetyaids

C.Englishshouldbeusedinaninternationalconversation

D.understandingbetweenpilotsandgroundcontrollersshouldbeimproved

答案：D指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)第三段第二句"Communicationsbetweenpilotsandground

controllersareextremelyimportanttoairsafety”可知，D為最佳選項，句意為：

飛行員和地面人員的交流對飛行安全是極為重要的。

Passage4（典型例題）

Grown-upsknowthatpeopleandobjectsaresolid.Atthemovies,weknow

thatifwereachouttotouchTomCruise,allwewillfeelisair.Butdoesababy

havethisunderstanding?

Toseewhetherbabiesknowobjectsaresolid,T.Bowerdesignedamethod

forprojectinganopticalillusion（視覺影像）ofahangingball.Hisplanwastofirst

givebabiesarealball,onetheycouldreachoutandtouch,andthentoshow

themtheillusion.Iftheyknewthatobjectsaresolidandtheyreachedoutfor

theillusionandfoundemptyair,theycouldbeexpectedtoshowsurpriseintheir

facesandmovements.Allthe16-to-24-week-oldbabiestestedweresurprised

whentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnotthere.

Grown-upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence.Weknowthatifwe

putaboxinaroomandlockthedoor;theboxwillstillbetherewhenwecome

back.Butdoesababyrealizethataballthatrollsunderachairdoesnot

disappearandgotonever-neverland?

匚xperimentsdonebyDowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopasenseofobject

permanencewhentheyareabout18weeksold.Inhisexperiments,Bowerused

atoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.When16-week-oldand22-week-old

babieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideofthescreen,they

lookedtotheright,expectingittoreappear.Iftheexperiment-ertookthetrain

offthetableandliftedthescreen,allthebabiesseemedsurprisednottoseethe

train.Thisseemstoshowthatallthebabieshadasenseofobjectpermanence.

Butthesecondpartoftheexperimentshowedthatthiswasnotreallythecase.

Theresearchersubstituted（替換）aballforthetrainwhenitwentbehindthe

screen.The22-week-oldbabiesseemedsurprisedandlookedbacktotheleft

sideforthetrain.Butthe16-week-oldbabiesdidnotseemtonoticethe

switch（更換）.Thus,the16-week-oldbabiesseemedtohaveasenseof

"somethingpermanence",whilethe22-week-oldbabieshadasenseofobject

permanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.babies'senseofsight

B.effectsofexperimentsonbabies

C.babies'understandingofobjects

D.differenttestsonbabies'feelings

答案：C指導(dǎo)：本文屬于說明文，說明文的中心大多在第一段就給予介紹，本文也不例外，

所以要想找出本文中心，重點看文章第一段，尤其是文章第一段的最后一句。

2.InParagraph3,"objectpermanence'meansthatwhenoutof

sight,anobject.

A.stillexistsB.keepsitsshape

C.stillstayssolidD.isbeyondreach

答案：A指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)本句后的兩個句子判斷。

3.WhatdidBoweruseinhisexperiments?

A.Achair.B.Ascreen.C.Afilm.0.Abox.

答案：B指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)最后一段第二句可判斷。

4.Whichofthefollowingstatements\s,true?

A.Thebabiesdidn'thaveasenseofdirection.

B.Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.

C.Theyoungerbabieslikedlookingformissingobjects.

D.Thebabiescouldn'ttellaballfromitsopticalillusion.

答案：D指導(dǎo)：A項：這些嬰兒沒有方向感；B項：年長一點的嬰兒更喜歡玩具火車，而

不喜歡球：C項：年幼一點的嬰兒喜歡尋找丟失的東西；D項：這些嬰兒不能辨別球和視覺

影像。A、乙兩項文章未提；文章中所提及的實驗?zāi)康氖强磱雰菏欠裼衋senseofobject

permanence（物體存在概念），并不是他們的愛好，因此B也要排除；文章第二段最后一

句說明了用球做實驗時，他們弄不清球和（球）所造成的視覺錯覺影像。

Passage5（04,湖北C）

8:30PM

Outlook

Outlookisbackwithanewseriesofreportstokeepyouupdatewithallthat's

newintheworldofentertainment.Storiesgoalthewayfromthetechnicalto

theromantic,fromstagetoscreen.Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthe

moment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.Thedirectorwithhis

newfilm,thedesignerwiththelatestfashion,andthemusicianwiththepopular

songarepartofthenewOutlook.TheprogramisintroducedbyFranLevine.

9:OOPM

Discovery

Whena10-year-oldboygetsafirstclassdegreeinmathematicsoran

8-year-oldplayschesslikeafuturegrandmaster,theyareconsideredas

geniuses.Wheredoesthequalityofgeniuscomefrom?Isitallinthegenes（基

因）orcananychildbeturnedIn-toagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachildwho

mightbecomeageniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?Inthis30-minute

film,BarryJohn-son,theprofessoratSchoolofMedicine,NewYorkUniversity

willhelpyoudiscovertheanswer.

10:OOPM

Seieaee/Heath

Isitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris"yes".

AccordingtotheresearchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.

Afterastudyof800personswithhighbloodpressure,theyfoundthatafter6

monthsthosedevotedtoweightloss-exerciseandeatingalow-salt,low-fat

food—lostabout13poundsandbecamefitter.Plus,35%ofthemdroppedinto

the"normal"category（范疇）.Thisweek,Dr.AlanDuckworthwilltellyouhow

thesepeoplereducetheirbloodpressuretoalevelsimilartowhat'sachieved

withHypertensiondrugs.

1.Themainpurposeofwritingthesethreetextsis.

A.toinvitepeopletoseefilms

B.toinvitepeople:otopicdiscussions

C.toattractmorestudentstoattendlectures

D.toattractmorepeopletowatchTVprograms

答案：D指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)所給的時間和節(jié)目的名字可知，這是電視上所播的三個節(jié)目。

2.FromOutlook,youcangetagreatdealofinformationabout.

A.storytellersB.famousstars

C.filmcompaniesD.musicfans

答案：B指導(dǎo)：從第一句話中可知。

3.WhowillbemostprobablyinterestedinDiscovery?

A.Parentswhowanttosendtheirchildrentoaschoolofmedicine.

B.Childrenwhoaregoodatmathematics.

C.ParentswhowanttheirchildtobecomeanotherAlbertEinstein.

D.Childrenwhoareinterestedinplayingchess.

答案：C指導(dǎo)：從句中“Ifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbecomegeniusinthe

future,whatshouldtheydo?”可知此答案。

4.InScience/Health,"JohnsHopkins"is.

A.afamousuniversityB.amedicalcenter

C.awell-knowndoctorD.adrugcompany

答案：B指導(dǎo)：從句中.accordingtotheresarchersatJohnsHopkinsandthree

othermedicalcenters”可知此答案。

5.Accordingtothethirdtext,whichofthefollowinghasalmostthesameeffect

asHypertensiondrugs?

A.Exerciseplusahealthydiet.

B.Lossofthirteenpoundsinweight.

C.Sixmonthsofexercisewithoutdrugs.

D.Low-saltandlow-fatfood.

答案：A指導(dǎo)：從句中"Afterastudyof800persons…，thosedevotedtoweight

loss-exerciseandeatingalow-salt...w可知答案。

II題點經(jīng)典類型題

1.（典型例題B）

SometimeagoIdiscoveredthatoneofmychairshadabrokenleg.Ididn't

thinktherewouldbeanydifficultyingettingitmended,asthereareawholelot

ofantique（古茶）shopsnearmyhome.SoIlefthomeonemorningcarryingthe

chairwithme.Iwentintothefirstshopexpectingafriendlyreception（接待）.I

wasquitewrong.Themanwouldn'tevenlookatmychair.

Thesecondshop,thoughslightlymorepolite,wasjustthesame,andthe

thirdandthefourth-soIdecidedthatmyapproachmustbewrong.

Ienteredthefifthshopwithaplaninmymind.Iplacedthechaironthe

floorandsaidtotheshopkeeper;"Wouldyouliketobuyachair?"Helookedit

overcarefullyandsaid,"Yes,notahadchair.Howmuchdoyouwantforit,

sir?""Twentypounds/'Isaid,"OK,'hesaid."I'llgiveyoutwentypounds.'"It's

gotaslightlybrokenleg/Isaid."Yes,Isawthat,it'snothing."

EverythingwasgoingaccordingtoplanandIwasgettingexcited."What

willyoudowithit?"Iasked."Ohzitwillbeeasy:oselloncetherepairisdone.'

"I'llbuyit,"Isaid."Whatdoyoumean?""You'vejustsoldittome/'hesaid.

"Yes,IknowbutI'vechangedmymind.Iamsorry.I'Ugiveyoutwenty-seven

poundsforit.""Youmustbecrazy,"he

said.Then,suddenlythepennydropped."Iknowwhatyouwant.Youwant

metorepairyourchair.'"You'reright/'I

said."AndwhatwouldyouhavedoneifIhadwalkedinandsaid,"Wouldyou

mendthischairforme?""Iwouldn'thaveagreedtodoit,"hesaid."Wedon'tdo

repairs,notenoughmon-

eyinitandtoomuchtrouble.ButI'llmendthisforyou,shallwesayfora

fiver?"Hewasaverynicemanandwasgreatlyamused（感至U有趣）bythewhole

thing.

1.Wecanlearnfromthetextthatinthefirstshopthewriter.

A.wasratherimpolite

B.waswarmlyreceived

C.askedtheshopkeepertobuyhischair

D.askedtheshopkeepertorepairhischair

2.Theunderlinedword"approach"inth