小升初英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理專題

一般過(guò)去時(shí)01思維導(dǎo)圖時(shí)態(tài)概括01具體運(yùn)用02動(dòng)詞變化03專項(xiàng)練習(xí)04目錄01

時(shí)態(tài)概括pastnowfuture過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)02

具體運(yùn)用TheywatchTVintheevening.They_________TVlastnight.watchedSheplaysbasketballafterschool.She_________basketballafterschoolyesterday.played一般過(guò)去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（V-ed)+其它一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法1.表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與

justnow,yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago等表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Ididmyhomeworkjustnow.我剛剛做作業(yè)了。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法2.表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或習(xí)慣。如：Healwayswentswimminglastsummer.去年夏天他總是去游泳。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法3.用于敘述性文字(如故事、小說(shuō)、童話等)或談?wù)撘压实娜藭r(shí)。如：Longlongago,therewasacutedog.

很久很久以前，有一只可愛(ài)的狗。一般過(guò)去時(shí)標(biāo)志詞yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)yesterdaymorning,thedaybeforeyesterday等由last開頭構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)lastyear,lastmonth等由ago結(jié)尾構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)amomentago,anhourago由“介詞+過(guò)去時(shí)間”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)in2020；atthattime等其他then,justnow,once等句中沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可通過(guò)上下文或語(yǔ)境暗示來(lái)判斷Isawhiminthestreet.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)化

否定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+其他

Youweren’tlateforschoolthismorning.你今天早上上學(xué)遲到了。一般疑問(wèn)句:

Was/were+主語(yǔ)+其他肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t

.

Wereyoulateforschoolthismorning?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+其他

Whatwereyoudothismorning?Be動(dòng)詞am/is→was→wasn’tare→were→weren’t一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)化

行為動(dòng)詞

否定句：didn’t

+

動(dòng)詞原形

如：Iwrotealetterlastnight.

昨晚我寫了一封信。

一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他

如：Didyouwritealetterlastnight?肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+did.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+didn’t

.

特殊疑問(wèn)句：1.疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如:

What

did

you

do

yesterday?

2.疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？

如：Whowassadyesterday?誰(shuí)昨天傷心了?

do/does→did→didn’tdo一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)化方法精講

肯定句:

IwasanEnglishteacheroneyearago.否定句:

Iwasn'tanEnglishteacheroneyearago.一般疑問(wèn)句:

WereyouanEnglishteacheroneyearago?特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whatwereyouoneyearago?解題方法：1.肯定句改為否定句

：在be動(dòng)詞(was/were)后+not2.肯定句改為一般疑問(wèn)句：Be動(dòng)詞(Was/were)提前

更改人稱肯定句:

Iboughtayellowdressyesterdayafternoon.否定句:

Ididn'tbuyayellowdressyesterdayafternoon.一般疑問(wèn)句:

Didyoubuyayellowdressyesterdayafternoon?特殊疑問(wèn)句:

Whatdidyoubuyyesterdayafternoon?解題方法：1.肯定句改為否定句

：在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前加助動(dòng)詞did+not；實(shí)義動(dòng)詞由過(guò)去式改為原形2.肯定句改為一般疑問(wèn)句：句首加助動(dòng)詞did；實(shí)義動(dòng)詞改為原形一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)化方法精講

牛刀小試思路點(diǎn)撥：句意他在冰箱里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些肉。本題要求我們改為一般疑問(wèn)句,根據(jù)句意可知,這句話用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),而且句中沒(méi)有be或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,因此我們應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞did構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句,同時(shí)原來(lái)的過(guò)去式found變?yōu)閒ind答案：Did；find句型轉(zhuǎn)換Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.(改為一般疑問(wèn))______he_____anymeatinthefridge?牛刀小試句型轉(zhuǎn)換HereadsomebooksinEnglish.(改為否定句)He_____________________booksinEnglish.思路點(diǎn)撥：顯然,原句主語(yǔ)是he,謂語(yǔ)read是read讀的過(guò)去式,需借助did構(gòu)成過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意和英文提示,可知填(1).didn't(2)read(3)any牛刀小試Shedidsomehardworklastweek.（改為否定句)Shedidn't_____anyhardworklastweek.思路點(diǎn)撥：根據(jù)原句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，變否定句借助助動(dòng)詞didn’t，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成原形，故填do。牛刀小試Lizawaslateforschoolbecauseshewasill.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_____________Lisalateforschool?思路點(diǎn)撥：句意:Liza上學(xué)遲到了,因?yàn)樗×?。本題要求我們對(duì)劃線的部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn),原句中劃線的部分是because引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,故疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)該是why,再將原來(lái)的was提前。答案:Why;was03

動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則變化1.一般情況下，直接在詞尾加ed2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-d3.輔音元輔結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed.play—playeddrop—dropped4.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,先改y為i,再加edstudy—studiedlive—lived原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式am/is/are是was/was/wereeat吃atebecome變成becamefall摔倒fellbring帶來(lái)broughtfeel感覺(jué)feltbuy買boughtfly飛flewcan能夠couldget得到gotcome來(lái)camegive給gavecut切，砍cuthave/has有，患病haddo/does做didhurt受傷hurtdraw畫畫drewkeep保持keptdrive駕駛drovemake制作made不規(guī)則變化表原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式put放putgo去wentread閱讀readride騎rodesay說(shuō)saidtake拍照，拿tooksee看見(jiàn)sawsing唱歌sangsleep睡覺(jué)sleptwear穿worewill將wouldwrite寫wrotethink想thought不規(guī)則變化表04

強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。1.is

2.visit

3.visit

4.study

5.run

6.swim

7.sleep

8.write

9.love

10.stop

waslivedransleptlovedvisitedstudiedswamwrotestopped二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.2.Mike____________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.SoI_______(get)uplate.3.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4.There_________(be)noonehereamomentago.5.I___________(call)Mikethismorning.camedidn’tgogotreadwascalled三、單項(xiàng)選擇。(

)1.It

awindydaythedaybeforeyesterday.A.is

B.were

C.was(

)2.MsWhitedidn’t

theclotheslastSunday.A.washed

B.washes C.wash(

)3.—WasMrGreenaworkerlastyear?—

A.Yes,heis. B.Yes,hewas. C.No,shewasn't.(

)4.Whatdidhe

yesterdayafternoon?A.write

B.wrote

C.writing(

)5.I

mymumcleantheflooryesterdaymorning.A.helps

B.helped

C.help四、改錯(cuò)題1．HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.__________________________4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________5．Didyousawhimjustnow.___________________________________6．Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.________________________________7．Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday._______________________________8．Hewait