Unit4GrammarandusageModalverbsHowdoyouexplainmodalverbs?情態(tài)動詞情感態(tài)度

情態(tài)動詞，即表示人的情感和態(tài)度的動詞。情態(tài)動詞WhatModalVerbsdoyouknow?1.常見的情態(tài)動詞can,could,may,might,must,oughtto,shall,should,will和would

共10個。2.具有情態(tài)動詞特征的詞還有dare,need,haveto和usedto（共4個）兼具情態(tài)動詞和實義動詞（可直接做謂語）兩種身份。情態(tài)動詞的常見特點：1.情態(tài)動詞有詞義，表示“能力、可能性、必要性、建議等。2.情態(tài)動詞不能單獨使用，它必須和另一個動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語.3.情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是有時態(tài)的變化。1.能力——能夠做某事（具備某種能力）；

could主要指過去能夠；Twoeyescan

seemorethanone.

Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?2.建議suggestion

youcangetideasfromdifferentsources…

Youcouldalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesor

3.表possibility推測——意為“可能”，一般用于疑問句和否定句。Asweallknow，anyonecanmakemistakes.Thatcan’tbeKelly—she’sinNewYork.(“不可能是”)1.can&could4.could表示更委婉語氣，征求許可，回答時只能用can；用于否定句中表不允許。

CouldIhavealookatyournewpen?

2.may/might1.表請求許可，以may/might開頭的問句中，否定回答中要用maynot/can’t。

1)Youmaytakethisseatiyyoulike.

2)--May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?

--No,youmaynot/can’t.2.表可能。might可能性小。Shemay/mightnotknowaboutit.

3.may還可用于祈使句表示祝愿。

Mayyousucceed!haveto“必須、不得不“，強調(diào)客觀需求，有時態(tài)的變化（hasto/hadto/willhaveto...)

否定形式為don‘t/doesn’t/didn‘thaveto...（沒必要）相當(dāng)于needn’t

Wewillhavetothinkofanewplan.Youdon'thavetorun.

3.haveto4.must1.用于肯定句中表說話人必須做某事；

否定mustn’t表禁止。1)Youmustkeepyourword.2)Carsmustn’tparkinfrontoftheentrance.2.表示肯定的推斷。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，

只用于肯定句。

1)Hemustbeill.Hischeeksaresopale.

2)Theremustbeotherwaystosolvetheproblem.否定句用can’t表不可能。

3.在以must開頭的疑問句中，肯定回答用must;

否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto。

—Musthehandinhisexercisebooksnow?—Yes,hemust./No,heneedn’t./No,hedon’thaveto.

（1）shall:表征詢意見或建議,多與I或we連用。

1)Whatshall

wedothisweekend?2)Whenshallmybrotherbeabletoleavehospital?

(2)

常用于主語是第三人稱的條約、法律法規(guī)、規(guī)章制度等文件中表“義務(wù)”或“規(guī)定”。Everystudentshallwearschooluniform

atschool.5.Shall/should/oughtto①表示建議、勸告≈oughtto；②也可表示推測Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.

ThefilmYOLOshouldbegreatasitwasdirectedbyJialing.

Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.

Theyshouldbehomebynow.

建議/職責(zé)推測建議/職責(zé)推測shouldWeoughttomakeacarefulplanbeforewestartthework.①Theyoughttoapologize.②Youarehisbrothersoyououghttotakecareofhim.1.oughtto:

應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該，意思接近于should，但oughtto語氣更強。2.表示建議或勸告。3.表示推測。Henryoughttobetherebynow.Helefthomeatsix.oughtto/oughtnotto6.will&would1.表意愿，愿意...Iwilldoanythingforyou.Theysaidthattheywouldfightforjustice正義.2.表請求，用于疑問句

Will/Wouldyoupleasetakeamessageforme?3.表習(xí)慣;會...Hewouldspendhoursonthetelephone.4.表推測，“想必”Thiswillbethehouseyouarelookingfor.用法建議suggestion才能/能力ability義務(wù)/職責(zé)necessity可能/推測possibility請求/許可requestcan/could√√

√√shall/should√

√√√oughtto√

√√

will/would

√√may/might

√√must

√√

考點：表推測的情態(tài)動詞

1.對現(xiàn)在或客觀事實的肯定推測must：肯定can/could：很可能should：很可能/應(yīng)該…,指按常理、有依據(jù)的推測may/might：也許,大概；表把握不大的推測—WhatareyoudoingthisSaturday?—I’mnotsure,butI_______gotothecinema.—Goodmorning.I’vegotanappointmentwithSmith.—Hello.You______beMrs.Peter.might/maymust2.對現(xiàn)在情況或客觀事實的否定推測can’t：不可能；推測的語氣相當(dāng)有把握may(might)not:可能不,也許不,表不大有把握的推測Itcan’tbethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlyfiveo’clock.The

younger

people

might

not

like

the

idea.練習(xí):選用括號內(nèi)合適的內(nèi)容補全下面句子。1.I'msorryIcouldn'tgetintouchwithhimbeforeheleft.I__________________(shouldhavephoned,havephoned)himearlier.2.Sincetheyaren'tansweringtheirtelephone,they______________(canhaveleft,musthaveleft).3.You____________(will,may)leadahorsetothewaterbutyou_________(dare,can)notmakeitdrink.4.Mary_____________________(couldn'thavereceived,needn'thavereceived)myemail;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

5.You____________(mustn't,needn't)dothatifyoudon'twantto.shouldhavephonedmusthaveleft

maycan

couldn'thavereceivedneedn't

6.Idon'tbelievehim.He________(maynot,can't)beserious.7.Ifyoudon'tliketoswim,you_______________(mayaswell,maywell)stayathome.8.Theyhurriedthereonlytofindthemeetingcanceled.Infact,they__________________(needn'thavegone,wouldn'thavegone)atall.

9.Shewasill.She______________________(couldn'thaveattended,mustn'tattend)themeetinghere.10.Careydidn'tgotothepartylastnightbecauseshe________________(shouldlookafter,hadtolookafter)thebabyforhersisteruntil9:30.needn'thavegonecouldn'thaveattendedhadtolookaftercan'tmayaswell

Everybodysaid“ReadMorebooks！”butnobodytellsme“whatshallIread?”FindsentenceswithmodalverbsReadthewebsitearticleandcompletethemindmap.Tosolvetheproblemof“whatshallIread?”Getideasfrom____________.Developyour___________.Askfriends,parents,andteachersto____________books.Readbook_________innewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Lookforbookson_______thatinterestyou.Lookthroughthe__________inlibrary.differentsourcesowntasterecommendreviewstopicscollectionsFindtheseModalverbswordsinthearticleofPartASuggestion

AbilityNecessityPossibilityWhatshallIread?2.…youcangetideasfromdifferentsources…5.Youcanalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapersinmagazinesoronline.4.Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.6.Abookreviewcanalsotellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.3.…whatbooksyououghttoread.8.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.9.Youdonothavetoreadabookjustbecauseeveryonerecommendsit.1.Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionmorethanonce.7.Theseideasshouldpointyouintherightdirection.10.…youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtaste…abcdefWorkingouttherulesModelverbscanexpressabilityornecessity.Theycanalsomakesuggestionsordescribetheprobabilityofanevent.Thesame

modal

verbcanhavedifferentfunctions.Modal

verbscanbefollowedby_____________.Youcanchoosemorethanoneanswerfortheblank.a

do(thebaseform)dbedone(thepassivevoice)b

doing(theverb-ingform)ebedoing(thecontinuousform)cdid(thepastform)fhavedone(theperfectform)a,d,e,f情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語氣的動詞,但不能單獨作謂語,只能和其他動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞的幾種形式情態(tài)動詞有進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式幾種形式。其構(gòu)成見下表。形式用法例句進(jìn)行式（情態(tài)動詞+bedoing）情態(tài)動詞與主動詞的進(jìn)行式合用，表示某動作正在進(jìn)行Jackmaybereadinginthelibrary.杰克也許正在圖書館看書。完成式（情態(tài)動詞+havedone）情態(tài)動詞與主動詞的完成式合用，表示過去發(fā)生的動作Tommusthavearrivedhomebynow.現(xiàn)在湯姆肯定已經(jīng)到家了。被動式（情態(tài)動詞+bedone）情態(tài)動詞可以與主動詞的被動式合用，表示被動Theroadmaybeblocked.公路也許被堵了。

情態(tài)動詞+have+done的用法musthavedone:過去一定做過某事can/couldhavedone:過去可能做過某事can’t/couldn’thavedone:過去不可能做某事may/might(not)havedone:過去可能（沒）做過某事1.對過去情況的推測1）Fromwhatyousaid，shemusthavetoldyouallaboutit.2）Tomcouldhavefinished

thepaperonhisown.4）Youmighthavereadaboutthenewsinthepapers.3）Hecouldn’thavedonetheresearchwithoutyoursupport.1.Jimsayswe______stayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.A.?must???B.?can????C.?need???D.?shouldB2.Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccount_______usemobilephonesinhisclass.A.shouldtheyB.theyshouldC.daretheyD.theydareA3.Ican’tfindmypurse.I________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI’mnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.couldhaveleftD鏈接高考易錯防范典例1

John，lookatthetime.________youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?易錯警示：此題易誤填need。解題時要注意語境，體會語氣。答案：Must句意：約翰，看看時間。這么晚了你偏要彈鋼琴嗎？從說話人的語氣判斷，含有不滿之意。must在此表示特定的語氣和態(tài)度，意為“偏要，硬要”。Phrases1.不止一次2.首先3.特別；尤其4.值得做某事5.瀏覽6.有可能做...7.偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)8.慢慢地9.物色到；挑選出10.更加1.morethanonce2.tostart/beginwith3.inparticular4.beworthdoing5.lookthrough6.belikelytodo7.comeacross8.overtime9.seekout10.allthemoreApplyingtherulesP49B1For

the

following

groups

of

three

sentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.

a

CanIkeepthebookformorethantwoweeks?

bNickcanreadmoreinanafternoonthanIcaninaweek!

cCanMaryfinishWarandPeaceinamonth?aIamafraidImaybeunabletofinishthisnoveltoday.

bItmaybedifficultforpeopletoagreeonwhatgoodliteratureis.

cYoumaygotothelibrarytomorrowafternoon,ifyouhavetime.√√requestabilityabilitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionApplyingtherulesB1For

the

following

groups

of

three

sentences,tickthesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.

a

ImustfinishwritingthebookreviewandhanditinbeforeWednesday.

bYoumustbetiredafterthreehours’reading.cStudentsmustdevelopthehabitofreadingclassicliterature.aHenryshouldbereadingbooksinthelibrary.

bIhavefiftydollars—thatshouldbeenoughforthreebooks.

cReadingEnglishnovelshasgreatlyincreasedmyvocabulary—youshouldtryittoo.√√necessitypossibilitynecessitypossibilitypossibilitysuggestionB2WhenmyEnglishteachersuggestedthatIreadCharlesDickens’sAChristmasCarol,Ithought,“I(1)

(can’t/shouldn’t)readthis!It(2)

(hasto/must)beveryboring.”Surprisingly,itturnedouttheexactopposite.I(3)

(could/might)notstopturningthepages!Thebook’smaincharacterisScrooge,arichbutmeanoldman.Hehatesallkindsofcelebrations.OnChristmaseve,heistransportedtodifferentpointsinhislifebythreespirits.Intheend,hereflectsonthesemomentsandrealizeshismistakes.Thenhedecidesthathe(4)

(might/must)changehimself.can’tmustcouldmustOnChristmasmorning,hesendsalargeturkeytoapoormanforChristmasdinner.Healsotriestomakehisfamilyandfriendshappybyspendingtimewiththem.Thereissomethingthat(5)

(can/must)belearntfromAChristmasCarol:we(6)

(should/may)treatotherswithkindness,generosityandlove.Ithinkeveryone(7)

(would/oughtto)readthisbook.canshouldoughttoI.選擇填空。1.Robertisgoodatlanguagesand_______(can/must)speakfourlanguages.2.Themeetingisveryimportantandyou___________

(would/should)attenditonschedule.3.Imanagedtofindthestreet,butI____________

(couldn't/mustn't)findherhouse.4.Whenthegirlwasfiveyearsold,she_________

(might/could)skateverywell.5.EverySundayafternoon,theboy______(will/may)sittherehourafterhourlookingatthetrafficgoby.canshouldcouldn'tcouldwill6.Inhischildhood,Jack__________(would/could)benervouswhenhemetstrangers.7.Ifyouearnmorethan5,000yuanpermonth,you______(haveto/can)paytax(稅).8.Accordingtothedoctor'sadvice,themedicine

__________(might/must)betakenthreetimesaday.9.Rose_______(can't/needn't)beintheclassroomnow,becauseIsawherleaveschoolseveralminutesago.10.You_________(oughtto/will)giveupsmoking.It

doesnogoodtoyourhealth.wouldhavetomustcan'toughttoII.根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成下列句子,每空一詞。你哥哥不可能已經(jīng)找到他的車，因為今天早上他是坐公共汽車來上班的。Yourbrother_________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.2.約翰，你不許玩刀子，你會傷害自己的。John,you_____________withtheknife,oryou________________yourself.can’thavefoundmustn’tmay/mightplayhurtCFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets,usingthepropermodalverbs.P76

（選作）1.—What’sthew