2025年雅思考試閱讀專項(xiàng)模擬試卷：環(huán)境惡化與生物多樣性考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下文章，然后回答問題。文章長度約400-500字。Therapidpaceofurbanizationhasledtosignificantchangesintheenvironment,whichhashadaprofoundimpactonbiodiversity.Urbanareasarecharacterizedbytheirhighhumanpopulationdensity,extensiveinfrastructure,andlimitednaturalhabitats.Thishasresultedinthelossofbiodiversity,asmanyspeciesareunabletoadapttothealteredurbanenvironment.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A.ThebenefitsofurbanizationB.ThenegativeeffectsofurbanizationonbiodiversityC.TheroleoftechnologyinurbanareasD.Theadvantagesoflivinginurbanareas2.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthemaincharacteristicsofurbanareas?A.LowhumanpopulationdensityB.ExtensivenaturalhabitatsC.HighhumanpopulationdensityD.Limitedinfrastructure3.Whatistheresultoftherapidpaceofurbanization?A.AnincreaseinbiodiversityB.ThelossofbiodiversityC.NochangeinbiodiversityD.Abalancedenvironment4.Whyaremanyspeciesunabletoadapttothealteredurbanenvironment?A.TheyhaveevolvedtoliveinurbanareasB.TheyareunabletofindfoodandshelterC.TheyhavebecomeextinctD.Theyhavemovedtootherareas5.Whatisthemainimpactofurbanizationonbiodiversity?A.TheincreaseinthenumberofspeciesB.ThedecreaseinthenumberofspeciesC.NochangeinthenumberofspeciesD.Thediversityofspecies6.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneoftheconsequencesofthelossofbiodiversity?A.AnincreaseinthenumberofspeciesB.ThedecreaseinthenumberofspeciesC.NochangeinthenumberofspeciesD.Thediversityofspecies7.Howhasurbanizationaffectedthenaturalhabitatsofspecies?A.TheyhavebecomemoreabundantB.TheyhavebecomelessabundantC.TheyhaveremainedunchangedD.Theyhavebeendestroyed8.Whatistheroleoftechnologyinurbanareasaccordingtothearticle?A.IthasimprovedthequalityoflifeB.IthasledtothelossofbiodiversityC.IthashadnoeffectonbiodiversityD.Ithashelpedpreservebiodiversity9.Whatistheauthor'sopinionabouttheimpactofurbanizationonbiodiversity?A.ItisbeneficialB.ItisharmfulC.IthasnoeffectD.Itisneutral10.Whatisthemainmessageofthearticle?A.UrbanizationisbeneficialforbiodiversityB.UrbanizationisharmfulforbiodiversityC.UrbanizationhasnoeffectonbiodiversityD.Urbanizationhasabalancedeffectonbiodiversity二、完形填空要求：閱讀以下文章，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。文章長度約300-350字。Thelossofbiodiversityisasignificantproblemthatiscausedbyvariousfactors,includingclimatechange,pollution,andhabitatdestruction.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthelossofnaturalhabitats,whichisprimarilycausedbyhumanactivities.1.Thelossofbiodiversityisprimarilycausedby:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Alloftheabove2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafactorthatcontributestothelossofbiodiversity?A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Overpopulation3.Themostpressingissuerelatedtothelossofbiodiversityis:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Overpopulation4.Thelossofnaturalhabitatsisprimarilycausedby:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Overpopulation5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofthelossofbiodiversity?A.TheextinctionofspeciesB.ThedecreaseinthenumberofspeciesC.TheincreaseinthenumberofspeciesD.Thediversityofspecies6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafactorthatcontributestothelossofbiodiversity?A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Technology7.Thelossofbiodiversityisprimarilycausedby:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Alloftheabove8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofthelossofbiodiversity?A.TheextinctionofspeciesB.ThedecreaseinthenumberofspeciesC.TheincreaseinthenumberofspeciesD.Thediversityofspecies9.Themostpressingissuerelatedtothelossofbiodiversityis:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Overpopulation10.Thelossofnaturalhabitatsisprimarilycausedby:A.ClimatechangeB.PollutionC.HabitatdestructionD.Overpopulation四、詞匯理解要求：閱讀以下段落，然后選擇最合適的詞或短語填入空白處。Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtoreach10billionby2050,whichwillputimmensepressureonnaturalresourcesandecosystems.Conservationistsareconcernedaboutthepotential(11)________ofspeciesasaresultofhabitatlossandpollution.11.A.diversityB.depletionC.extinctionD.sustainability五、段落匹配要求：閱讀以下段落，然后將每個(gè)段落與相應(yīng)的題目編號(hào)匹配。A.Biodiversityiscrucialforthestabilityofecosystems.B.Manyspeciesarealreadyextinctduetohumanactivities.C.Conservationeffortsarebeingmadetopreservebiodiversity.D.Climatechangeisamajorthreattobiodiversity.E.Pollutionaffectsthehealthofspeciesandtheirhabitats.F.Habitatlossistheprimarycauseofbiodiversityloss.1.Whatisthemaincauseofbiodiversityloss?2.Whatistheroleofbiodiversityinecosystems?3.Whatisthecurrentstateofbiodiversity?4.Whataretheconservationeffortsbeingimplemented?5.Whatimpactdoespollutionhaveonbiodiversity?六、句子填空要求：閱讀以下段落，然后根據(jù)上下文填寫適當(dāng)?shù)木渥印nrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceof(21)________theenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Manyorganizationsandgovernmentshaveimplementedpoliciesandinitiativestoprotectnaturalhabitatsandreducepollution.21.A.protectingB.preservingC.conservingD.maintaining本次試卷答案如下：一、閱讀理解1.B.Thenegativeeffectsofurbanizationonbiodiversity解析：根據(jù)第一段，“Therapidpaceofurbanizationhasledtosignificantchangesintheenvironment,whichhashadaprofoundimpactonbiodiversity.”（城市化的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境中的重大變化，這對(duì)生物多樣性產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。）可知，文章主要討論的是城市化對(duì)生物多樣性的負(fù)面影響。2.C.Highhumanpopulationdensity解析：根據(jù)第二段，“Urbanareasarecharacterizedbytheirhighhumanpopulationdensity...”可知，城市地區(qū)的一個(gè)主要特征是高人口密度。3.B.Thelossofbiodiversity解析：根據(jù)第二段，“Thishasresultedinthelossofbiodiversity...”可知，城市化導(dǎo)致了生物多樣性的喪失。4.B.Theyareunabletofindfoodandshelter解析：根據(jù)第三段，“manyspeciesareunabletoadapttothealteredurbanenvironment...”可知，許多物種無法適應(yīng)改變后的城市環(huán)境，因?yàn)樗鼈冋也坏绞澄锖捅幼o(hù)所。5.B.Thedecreaseinthenumberofspecies解析：根據(jù)第三段，“Thishasresultedinthelossofbiodiversity...”和第四段，“Themainimpactofurbanizationonbiodiversityisthedecreaseinthenumberofspecies...”可知，城市化對(duì)生物多樣性的主要影響是物種數(shù)量的減少。6.B.Thedecreaseinthenumberofspecies解析：根據(jù)第四段，“Whatistheresultofthelossofbiodiversity?”和答案選項(xiàng)B可知，生物多樣性喪失的結(jié)果是物種數(shù)量的減少。7.B.Theyhavebecomelessabundant解析：根據(jù)第四段，“Howhasurbanizationaffectedthenaturalhabitatsofspecies?”和答案選項(xiàng)B可知，城市化影響了物種的自然棲息地，使其變得不那么豐富。8.A.Ithasimprovedthequalityoflife解析：根據(jù)第五段，“Theroleoftechnologyinurbanareasaccordingtothearticle...”和答案選項(xiàng)A可知，文章認(rèn)為技術(shù)在城市地區(qū)的角色是提高了生活質(zhì)量。9.B.Itisharmful解析：根據(jù)第五段，“Whatistheauthor'sopinionabouttheimpactofurbanizationonbiodiversity?”和答案選項(xiàng)B可知，作者認(rèn)為城市化對(duì)生物多樣性的影響是有害的。10.B.Urbanizationisharmfulforbiodiversity解析：根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段，“Themainmessageofthearticle...”可知，文章的主要信息是城市化對(duì)生物多樣性是有害的。二、完形填空1.D.Alloftheabove解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，氣候變化、污染和棲息地破壞都是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的因素。2.D.Overpopulation解析：文章中并未提到人口過多是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的因素。3.C.Habitatdestruction解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，棲息地破壞是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的最緊迫問題。4.C.Habitatdestruction解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，棲息地破壞是導(dǎo)致物種無法適應(yīng)城市環(huán)境的主要原因。5.C.Theincreaseinthenumberofspecies解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，生物多樣性喪失不會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種數(shù)量的增加。6.D.Technology解析：文章中提到技術(shù)是提高生活質(zhì)量的因素，而不是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的因素。7.D.Alloftheabove解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，氣候變化、污染和棲息地破壞都是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的因素。8.C.Thediversityofspecies解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，生物多樣性喪失不會(huì)導(dǎo)致物種多樣性的增加。9.C.Overpopulation解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，人口過多是導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的一個(gè)因素。10.C.Habitatdestruction解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，棲息地破壞是導(dǎo)致物種無法適應(yīng)城市環(huán)境的主要原因。四、詞匯理解11.C.extinction解析：根據(jù)上下文，“Thelossofbiodiversityisasignificantproblemthatiscausedbyvariousfactors,includingclimatechange,pollution,andhabitatdestruction.”（生物多樣性的喪失是一個(gè)重大的問題，由氣候變化、污染和棲息地破壞等多種因素引起。）可知，這里指的是物種的滅絕。五、段落匹配1.F.Habitatlossistheprimarycauseofbiodiversityloss.解析：根據(jù)段落F，“Habitatlossistheprimary