高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省慶陽(yáng)某中學(xué)2025屆高三下學(xué)期沖刺壓軸金卷5英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisJemmaprobablygoingnextSaturday?A.Toadance. B.Totheschoollibrary. C.Toafootballgame.【答案】A【原文】M:HeyJemma,areyouattendingtheschoolballnextSaturday?W:Hopefully,someonecanaskmetogowiththem.Idon’twanttogoalone.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atashop. B.Onaroad. C.Inaconcert.【答案】B【原文】M:Sorrymadam,theroadisclosedallthewayintotown.Alltheshopshaveclosed.W:ButIneedtogetthrough.Mydaughterisperforminginaconcertoverthere.M:Ohokay,weareallowingparentstogetaccesstotheschool.3.Whatdidthewomandowrong?A.Shehitthesign.B.Sheparkedinaprohibitedarea.C.Sheusedthewrongpaymentmethod.【答案】C【原文】M:Hello,Miss.Yourparkingfeeis$7.50.W:Thesignsaysitcosts$5.00though.Anyway,here’smycreditcard.M:It’s$5.00forLotB.Parkinginfrontofthebuildingismoreexpensive.Andsorry,cashonly.4.Howoldistheman?A.17. B.18. C.21.【答案】B【原文】M:Don’tembarrassmeinfrontofmyfriends,Ma’am.W:ButIstillrememberwhenyouwerealittletinynewbornthinginmyarms.Eighteenyearsago.M:Ibetyou’llstillbetellingmethatstoryatmytwentyfirstbirthdayparty.5.Whatisthemandrinking?A.Tea. B.Milk. C.Beer.【答案】C【原文】W:Youareabityoungtodrinkthat,aren’tyou?Haveamilkshakeinstead?M:Lotsofpeopledrinkbeer.Atmyage,justonedoesn’tdoanyharm.W:Iforgethowgrownupyouare.Ipreferteamyself.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Journalistandpoliceofficer.B.Shopkeeperandcustomer.C.Parentandchild.7.Whendidthegirlfalloffthewall?A.At10:00a.m. B.At3:00p.m. C.At5:00p.m.【答案】6.A7.A【原文】M:Justonemorequestion,officerHudson.Havethegirl’smotherandfatherbeentoldthatshehasbeenfound?W:Yes,theyknowsheissafeandwell.Theyhaveclosedtheirshoptocustomersandareheadingherenow.M:Whattimewasshefound?W:AtthreePMshetoldusshehadfallenoffthewallfivehourspreviouslyandhadbeenlyingonthegroundsincethen,unabletomove.M:Hasadoctorseenher?W:Yes,hesaidherinjuriesaren’tserious.Whentheparentsarrive,theywillgowithhertothehospital.M:Thankyouforyourhelp,officerHudson.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisonthetable?A.Aprize. B.Abowl. C.Alight.9.WhathasPeterwon?A.Afight. B.Abet. C.Acompetition.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Wheredoyouthinkthispicturewouldlookbest?Iwasthinkinghereonthewall.M:ButwealreadyhaveapictureofPeteronthatwall.Whynotputitonthetable?W:Butthenwe’dhavetomovethefruitbowl.Thereisn’tenoughroomforboth.M:Well,justputitonthecupboardnexttothelightwiththepicturesofKateandLily.W:IwasgoingtoputPeter’sprizethere.M:Youknow,ifwegivetoomuchattentiontoPeter,wemightmakethegirlsenvyhim.W:No,theyareproudofhim.Whenhecamebackhomewithhisprizeafterthecompetition,theywerefightingtocongratulatehim.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A.Heisasportsman. B.Heisadoctor. C.Heisapilot.11.WhatwasRyan’sfirstword?A.Mom. B.Golf. C.Dad.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Makethebed. B.Chooseatoy. C.Bathethebaby.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【原文】W:Honey,I’msogladyou’rehome.Ryansaidhisfirstword.M:AndImissedit.Ohno,Ihateworkingawayfordaysonend.W:Well,youflyplanesforalivingsoitcomeswiththejob.M:Iknow.I’mjustsadIwasn’theretohearit.W:Well,don’tworry,Irecordeditforyou.M:Whatwasit?Wasitdad?W:I’mafraidnot.Itwasn’tmomeither.Itwassomethingrandom.M:Well,tellme.W:Idon’twanttospoilit.M:Youwon’t,justtellme.W:Golf.Iwonderfromwhomhegotthat.M:He’stakingafterhisdaddy.We’llgethimoutonaGolfcourseassoonasheistallerthanmyknee.W:Hecanbarelywalk.M:IcangethimthatplasticGolftoyforkidswhenhegrowsolder.W:Okay.HowaboutyougethimintotheBath?I’llmakehisbed.M:Notaproblem.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.HowlonghasthemanbeeninChina?A.Foramonth. B.Forayear. C.Foradecade.14.Whatwastheman’sfirstexperienceinChina?A.Hefelthappy. B.Hefeltbusy. C.Hefeltlonely.15.Wheredoesthemanhaveaproblem?A.Atthehairdresser’s. B.Attheshops. C.Atthebank.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofortheproblem?A.Takeanote. B.Takemoremoney. C.TakeaChineseperson.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.A【原文】W:HowareyouenjoyingworkinginChina?You’vebeenhereforawhile,haven’tyou?M:It’stwelvemonthstoday.W:Wow,it’sgonequickly.Iseverythingokay?M:Thefirstsixmonthsweretough.Ididn’tknowanybody,soIonlyhadmyowncompanyinastrangeplace.W:Ithinkwe’veallbeenthroughthat.M:Butit’sfinenow.I’vemadefriendsandgotusedtothewaythingsarehere.W:Howareyoufindingthingslikeshoppingandthebank?Areyouhavinganyproblemsdealingwiththem?M:Notreally.WhenI’mshopping,IjustpickthingsofftheshelfandItrytogettothebankassoonasitopenstoavoidthewaitinglines.W:Soundslikeyou’redoingwellwithnotspeakingChinese.M:ThemainproblemwiththatiswhenIgetmyhaircut,theyjustdon’tunderstand.Iwantthesamekindofhaircutallyearround,notshorterinthesummer.W:Hmm,youcan’treallytakeaChinesepersonwithyoutoexplain,canyou?Howaboutgettingsomeonetowriteanoteforyou?M:Yes,Imightjustdothat.W:DoyouthinkyoumightlearnChinese?M:Yes,I’dliketo,althoughitlooksextremelydifficult.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whenwillthecompanysellitsnewelectricmodel?A.In2023. B.In2021. C.In2025.18.Wherearemostofthecompany’sfactorieslocated?A.InGermany. B.InChina. C.InMexico.19.Whyisthecompanytakingthisaction?A.Tomakemoremoney. B.Tohelptheenvironment. C.Tofollowothercompanies.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thecompanyhasdesignedanewluxurycar.B.Thecompanyhasstartedsellingitsfirstelectriccar.C.Thecompanyistransformingallitscarstoelectricpower.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【原文】M:Whenyouthinkofluxurycars,youthinkofourbrand,butluxuryisnolongerenough.Thereisaninternationalmovementofdriverswhodon’tjustwantaprettycaroronethatgoesfast.Theywanttodrivesomethingthathelpsprotecttheenvironment.Theywanttodriveelectriccars.We’vealreadyintroducedourfirstelectriccar,duetohittheroadsin2021butwewanttogobeyondonemodel.Iampleasedtoannouncethatourentireseriesofcarswillbeelectricby2025.WearealreadytransformingourmostfactoriesinGermany,aswellasourotherfactoriesinChinaandMexicototakeonthistask.Somemaysaywearesimplyfollowingotherbrands,butthatisnotwhywearedoingthis.Weallhavefamilies,children,andwewanttoleavethemwithabetterworld.Weneedtotakeresponsibilityanddowhatisrightfortheenvironment,nomatterthecost.Tothatend,wewillalsobeteamingupwithseveralothercarproducerstocreateageneralbatteryandchargestation.Therefore,nomatterwhereyoudrive,youwillbeabletopoweryourcar.Welcometothefuture.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFromflowersandfreshproducetofamily-friendlyentertainment-autumnispeakfestivalseasoninVictoria.Hereare4autumnfestivalsthatarewellworththedrive.BrightAutumnFestival,April28-May7,2024Nothingsaysautumnlikeredandorangeleavesandcomfortfood.Foradoseofwholesomefun,planaweekendgetawaytotheBrightAutumnFestivalinVictoria’sHighCountry.Thetree-linedavenues,small-towncharmsanddeliciousfreshproducewon’tdisappoint,witheverythingfromopengardens,historicaltours,livemusic,marketsandadedicatedNutFestivaltoenjoy.Plus,you’llbeventuringsomewherenewandsupportingregionalbusinesses.KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024TakeadrivetoRobinvaleonthebanksoftheMurrayRiverforthefour-dayWaterLightsfestival.Kidsandadultsalikewillmarvelatthisuniquelasershowthatshowcasesthevibrant,diverseandrichcultureoftheregion.GrampiansGrapeEscape,May5-7,2024Foodandwinedevotees,you’reinluck.TheGrampiansGrapeEscapeisanunforgettableweekend-longexperiencethat’sallabouttop-qualitywines,gourmetfoodandlivemusic-theperfecttrio.Youmayevenlearnafewskillsfromoneofthecookingdemonstrationsandmasterclasses.Frombread-makingclassestocookingpresentationsandcidertastings,noonewillbebored.LaFieraItalianFestival,May19-21,2024EveryyearinMay,theMyrtlefordcommunitycelebratesitsItalianrootswithafestivaldedicatedtoalloftheregion’sculturalandculinarydelights.Therearefoodstalls,winetastings,amovienight,kids’activitiesandevenasoccertournamenttolookforwardto,aswellasmarkets,entertainmentandatraditionalgrapestomp.21.Whichfestivallastslongest?A.LaFieraItalianFestival. B.BrightAutumnFestival.C.GrampiansGrapeEscape. D.KartiniWaingi-WaterLights.22.WhatisspecialforKartiniWaingi?A.Fantasticlightshow. B.Small-towncharms.C.Top-qualitywine. D.Richculture.23.WhatisavailableatGrampiansGrapeEscapeandLaFieraItalianFestival?A.Celebratinghistory. B.Tastingfinefood.C.Watchinglivemusic. D.Joininginsportsactivities.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了維多利亞州在秋季時(shí)的一系列節(jié)慶活動(dòng)，每個(gè)節(jié)慶活動(dòng)都附有詳細(xì)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和特色內(nèi)容，旨在吸引讀者參與并體驗(yàn)這些活動(dòng)。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“BrightAutumnFestival,April28-May7,2024(BrightAutumnFestival，2024年4月28日至5月7日)”、“KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024(KartiniWaingi-WaterLights，2024年5月4日至7日)”、“GrampiansGrapeEscape,May5-7,2024(GrampiansGrapeEscape，2024年5月5日至7日)”以及“LaFieraItalianFestival,May19-21,2024(LaFieraItalianFestival，2024年5月19日至21日)”可知，這四個(gè)節(jié)日中，時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的是“BrightAutumnFestival”，從2024年4月28日至5月7日。故選B。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“KartiniWaingi-WaterLights,May4-7,2024”部分中的“Kidsandadultsalikewillmarvelatthisuniquelasershowthatshowcasesthevibrant,diverseandrichcultureoftheregion.(孩子和成年人都會(huì)驚嘆于這個(gè)獨(dú)特的激光表演，它展示了該地區(qū)充滿活力、多樣化和豐富的文化。)”可知，該節(jié)日的獨(dú)特之處就是這個(gè)激光表演。故選A。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“GrampiansGrapeEscape”部分中的“Foodandwinedevotees,you’reinluck.TheGrampiansGrapeEscapeisanunforgettableweekend-longexperiencethat’sallabouttop-qualitywines,gourmetfoodandlivemusic-theperfecttrio.(美食和美酒愛好者們，你們很幸運(yùn)。格蘭屏葡萄之旅是一個(gè)令人難忘的周末體驗(yàn)，這里有頂級(jí)葡萄酒、美食和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂(lè)——完美的三重奏。)”和“LaFieraItalianFestival”部分中的“Therearefoodstalls,winetastings,amovienight,kids’activitiesandevenasoccertournamenttolookforwardto,aswellasmarkets,entertainmentandatraditionalgrapestomp.(這里有大排檔、品酒會(huì)、電影之夜、兒童活動(dòng)，甚至還有值得期待的足球錦標(biāo)賽，還有市場(chǎng)、娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)和傳統(tǒng)的葡萄踐踏活動(dòng)。)”可知，這兩個(gè)節(jié)日都提供美食。故選B。BWereitnotformymask’srubbercoveringovermynose,nodoubthiswarm,fishybreathwouldhavemadetheexperiencecomplete,asanadultmaleAtlanticgreyseal(海豹)inspectedmetothewatersthatbatheCornwallandtheIslesofScilly.Thiswasacloseandmagicalswimming-with-sealsencounterfilmedforBBCTwo’sSpringwatchfouryearsago.Myjobistogetpeopletoloveandconnectwithnature,buttheexperiencestillleftmefeelingbothexcitedandconflicted.Isitpossiblethatwegetalittletooclose,andlovenaturealittletoomuch?Certainly,foranyoneworkinginwildlifemediaandtourism,therealityisthathabitatsandmanyspeciesoftencan’thandlelongtimeclosecontactwithhumans.Marinemammalstheymaybe,butsealsmustregularlyreturntodryland,hauling(牽引)themselvesoutofthewatertorest,digest,andreproduce.Haul-outsitesaretypicallyinaccessiblebeachesorrockytinyislandsafterthetidefallsaway.Thesesafeplacesbecomeaterrifyingdropwhendisturbed,particularlybywalkers,dogsandboatsfullofwildlifetourists.Whenfrightened,sealspreferescapingintoshallowseasor,worsestill,hardrocks,riskingbrokenjawsorbones.InScotlandinFebruary2021,abancameintoforcethatstoppedthefisheriesindustryfromshootingseals.Priortothis,sealsinScotlandcouldbeshotunderlicence.Sealgroupsandcharitiesarerevisingtheirpoliciestonolongerencouragepeopletoseekoutencounterswithsealseitherinoroutofthewater,especiallyduringthewintermonthswhenthegreysealpupping(產(chǎn)崽)seasonisinfullswing.Nomatterhowmuchweloveseals,remembertheyareterrifiedofus,sowereallyneedtoenjoythemfromadistance.Butthatisnottosaytherecan’tbeaconnection.Joiningorganisedsurveyshelpsmonitorsealsaswellasthehealthofourwaters.Themarinemammalshavemuchtodealwith,includingclimatechange,andwehavealottolearnfromtheseenvoys(使者)fromthesea.24.Whydidtheauthorfilmswimming-with-sealsencounterfouryearsago?A.Togetpeopleclosetonature. B.ToinspectanAtlanticgreyseal.C.Tochallengehimselfinthewaters. D.TopromoteBBCTwo’sTVprogramme.25.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheswimming-with-sealsexperience?A.Contradictory. B.Tolerant. C.Uncertain. D.Supportive.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph3?A.Todefinethehaul-outsitesofseals. B.Tointroducethelivinghabitofseals.C.Toprovehumans’disturbancetoseals. D.Topresentthesafetyproblemfacingseals.27.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoing?A.Stoppingshootingsealscompletely.B.Leavingsealsaloneespeciallyinwinter.C.Reducingtheinfluenceofclimatechangeonseals.D.Connectingwithsealsindirectlybyprotectingthem.【答案】24.A25.A26.D27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者由自己拍攝與海豹同游的經(jīng)歷想到我們離大自然太近了，導(dǎo)致海豹會(huì)有一些安全問(wèn)題，建議我們?cè)谶h(yuǎn)處欣賞它們。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thiswasacloseandmagicalswimming-with-sealsencounterfilmedforBBCTwo’sSpringwatchfouryearsago.(這是四年前為BBC第二臺(tái)的Springwatch拍攝的一次與海豹親密而神奇的邂逅)”和第二段中“Myjobistogetpeopletoloveandconnectwithnature(我的工作是讓人們熱愛大自然，與大自然建立聯(lián)系)”可知，作者四年前拍攝與海豹同游是工作職責(zé)，目的是讓人們接近大自然，故選A。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“buttheexperiencestillleftmefeelingbothexcitedandconflicted(但這次經(jīng)歷仍然讓我感到既興奮又矛盾)”可知，作者對(duì)于和海豹同游的經(jīng)歷持矛盾態(tài)度，故選A。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesesafeplacesbecomeaterrifyingdropwhendisturbed,particularlybywalkers,dogsandboatsfullofwildlifetourists.Whenfrightened,sealspreferescapingintoshallowseasor,worsestill,hardrocks,riskingbrokenjawsorbones.(這些安全的地方一旦受到干擾，尤其是受到行人、狗和滿載野生動(dòng)物游客的船只的干擾，就會(huì)變成一個(gè)很可怕的落差。當(dāng)受到驚嚇時(shí)，海豹喜歡逃到淺海中，或者更糟的是，逃到堅(jiān)硬的巖石中，冒著下巴或骨頭骨折的危險(xiǎn))”可知，本段主要講述海豹面臨的安全問(wèn)題。故選D。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nomatterhowmuchweloveseals,remembertheyareterrifiedofus,sowereallyneedtoenjoythemfromadistance.Butthatisnottosaytherecan’tbeaconnection.Joiningorganisedsurveyshelpsmonitorsealsaswellasthehealthofourwaters.(不管我們有多愛海豹，記住它們害怕我們，所以我們真的需要在遠(yuǎn)處欣賞它們。但這并不是說(shuō)兩者之間沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。參加有組織的調(diào)查有助于監(jiān)測(cè)海豹和我們水域的健康)”可知，作者建議我們?cè)谶h(yuǎn)處欣賞海豹，參加有組織的調(diào)查來(lái)幫助監(jiān)測(cè)海豹的健康，即通過(guò)保護(hù)它們來(lái)建立間接的聯(lián)系，故選D。CInthenot-too-distantfuture,yourmorningcoffeemightbemaceinabioreactor(生物反應(yīng)器)。AteamofFinnishscientistshascreatedcoffeeinthelabfromcellculturesthatbothsmellandtasteliketherealthing.Usingabioreactordesignedforcellularagriculture,researchersatTechnicalResearchCenterinFinland—acountrythatconsumesthemostcoffeepercapitaintheworld—brewed(釀造)abatchfromculturedcellscomingfromtheleavesofcoffeeplantsforthefirsttime,writesHeikoRischer,theproject’sleadresearcher,inastatement.“Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensorypanelandanalyticalexaminationfoundtheprofileofthebrewbearsimilaritytoordinarycoffee,”Rischersays.“However,coffeemakingisanartandinvolvesiterativeoptimization(迭代優(yōu)化)underthesupervisionofspecialistswithdedicatedequipment.Ourworkmarksthebasisforsuchwork.”Coffeeisthethirdmostconsumeddrinkintheworld,behindteaandwater.Coffeegrowersarefindingitdifficulttokeepupwithcurrentglobaldemand—about22billionpoundsareproducedeachyear—whichplacesmorestressontheclimateduetodeforestationtomakewayforincreasedagriculture.“Conventionalcoffeeproductionisnotoriouslyassociatedwithseveralproblematicissues,suchasunusualablefarmingmethods,exploitationandlandrights,”Ruschersays."Growingdemandandclimatechangeaddtotheproblems."Thisinnovationwillhelpmakecoffeeproductionmoresustainablebyeliminatingtheneedforexpandedagriculture.“Theideaistousebiotechnologyratherthanconventionalfarmingfortheproductionoffoodandthereforeprovidealternativerouteswhicharelessdependentonunsustainablepractices,”Rischersays.“Forexample,thesesolutionshavealowerwaterfootprintandlesstransportisneededduetolocalproduction.Thereisn’tanyseasonaldependencyortheneedforpesticideseither.”Rischerandhisteamemployedthesametechniqueusedtomakeotheragriculturalproducts—includingmeat,dairyandegg—inthelab.Theyculturedcoffeecellsandgotthemtogrowinmedia,thendriedandroastedtheresultsbeforetestingitfortasteandsmell.“Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting,”Rischersays.“Iestimateweareonlyfouryearsawayfromrampingupproduction(提高產(chǎn)量)andhavingregulatoryapprovalinplace.Growingplantcellsrequiresspecificexpertisewhenitistimetoscaleupandoptimizetheprocess.Downstreamprocessingandproductformulationtogetherwithregulatoryapprovalandmarketintroductionareadditionalstepsonthewaytoacommercialproduct.Thatsaid,wehavenowprovedthatlab-growncoffeecanbeareality.”28.WhatcanwelearnfromRischer’swordsinParagraph3?A.Coffeeshouldbemadeinasimpleway.B.Lab-growncoffeehasaspecialtaste.C.Lab-growncoffeeisqualifiedforcoffeemakingD.Specialequipmentisneededtocreatecoffeeinthelab.29.Whatistheproblemwithproducingcoffeeinthetraditionalway?A.Itmightfailtomeettheglobalneeds.B.Itmightcauseaseriouswaterpollution.C.Itmightreducetheproductivityofcoffeeplants.D.Itmightcauseunfaircompetitionamongfarmers.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”meaninParagraph6?A.Refusing. B.Removing. C.Resuming. D.Replying.31.WhatdoesRischerthinkofthefutureoflab-growncoffee?A.Uncertain. B.Worrying. C.Risky. D.Bright.【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了芬蘭團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)生物反應(yīng)器培育實(shí)驗(yàn)室咖啡的創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)其可持續(xù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，并指出傳統(tǒng)咖啡生產(chǎn)面臨的環(huán)境與需求壓力。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘Intermsofsmellandtaste,ourtrainedsensorypanelandanalyticalexaminationfoundtheprofileofthebrewbearsimilaritytoordinarycoffee,’Rischersays.‘However,coffeemakingisanartandinvolvesiterativeoptimization(迭代優(yōu)化)underthesupervisionofspecialistswithdedicatedequipment.Ourworkmarksthebasisforsuchwork.’(Rischer說(shuō)：‘在氣味和味道方面，我們訓(xùn)練有素的感官小組和分析檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種咖啡的特性與普通咖啡相似。’。‘然而，咖啡制作是一門藝術(shù)，需要在擁有專用設(shè)備的專家的監(jiān)督下進(jìn)行迭代優(yōu)化。我們的工作為此類工作奠定了基礎(chǔ)。’)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室咖啡已具備作為咖啡制作基礎(chǔ)的條件，實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的咖啡是合格的，可以用來(lái)制作咖啡。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Coffeegrowersarefindingitdifficulttokeepupwithcurrentglobaldemand—about22billionpoundsareproducedeachyear—whichplacesmorestressontheclimateduetodeforestationtomakewayforincreasedagriculture.(咖啡種植者發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟上目前全球的需求——每年大約生產(chǎn)220億磅——這給氣候帶來(lái)了更大的壓力，因?yàn)榭撤ド质菫榱私o農(nóng)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)讓路)”可知，用傳統(tǒng)的方式生產(chǎn)咖啡無(wú)法滿足全球需求。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。劃線詞句后文“‘Theideaistousebiotechnologyratherthanconventionalfarmingfortheproductionoffoodandthereforeprovidealternativerouteswhicharelessdependentonunsustainablepractices,’Rischersays.‘Forexample,thesesolutionshavealowerwaterfootprintandlesstransportisneededduetolocalproduction.Thereisn’tanyseasonaldependencyortheneedforpesticideseither.’(Rischer說(shuō)：‘我們的想法是利用生物技術(shù)而不是傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)糧食，從而提供較少依賴于不可持續(xù)做法的替代途徑。’‘例如，由于在當(dāng)?shù)厣a(chǎn)，這些解決方案的水足跡更低，所需的運(yùn)輸也更少。沒(méi)有任何季節(jié)性依賴，也不需要?dú)⑾x劑。’)”說(shuō)明生物技術(shù)可替代傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Thisinnovationwillhelpmakecoffeeproductionmoresustainablebyeliminatingtheneedforexpandedagriculture(這項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新將有助于使咖啡生產(chǎn)更具可持續(xù)性，通過(guò)eliminating對(duì)擴(kuò)大農(nóng)業(yè)的需求)”其中劃線詞應(yīng)為“消除”的意思，與B項(xiàng)同義。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Theexperienceofdrinkingtheveryfirstcupwasexciting,’Rischersays.‘Iestimateweareonlyfouryearsawayfromrampingupproduction(提高產(chǎn)量)andhavingregulatoryapprovalinplace.Growingplantcellsrequiresspecificexpertisewhenitistimetoscaleupandoptimizetheprocess.Downstreamprocessingandproductformulationtogetherwithregulatoryapprovalandmarketintroductionareadditionalstepsonthewaytoacommercialproduct.Thatsaid,wehavenowprovedthatlab-growncoffeecanbeareality.’(Rischer說(shuō)：‘喝第一杯咖啡的感覺(jué)令人興奮。’他說(shuō)：‘我估計(jì)，我們只需要四年時(shí)間就能提高產(chǎn)量，并獲得監(jiān)管部門的批準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)需要擴(kuò)大和優(yōu)化過(guò)程時(shí)，種植植物細(xì)胞需要特定的專業(yè)知識(shí)。下游加工和產(chǎn)品配方以及監(jiān)管批準(zhǔn)和市場(chǎng)介紹是通往商業(yè)產(chǎn)品的額外步驟。也就是說(shuō)，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)證明，實(shí)驗(yàn)室種植的咖啡可以成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。’)”可知，Rischer預(yù)計(jì)四年內(nèi)可實(shí)現(xiàn)量產(chǎn)和監(jiān)管批準(zhǔn)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室咖啡可以成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”。由此推知，Rischer對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室種植咖啡的未來(lái)持積極樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。DJackdaws(寒鴉)arethesmallestmemberofthecrowfamily.Theyoftenliveinacrowd.Indeed,whencoldweathercomes,theygatherinthehundreds(andsometimesthousands)everyeveningsothattheycansleepinthesameplace.Ifyou’veeverheardjackdawsduringtheireveninggatheringsandmorningdepartures,you’llknowtheyarenotquietbirds.Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?AteamoftheCornishJackdawProjectsetouttodeterminewhyjackdawsaresonoisybeforetheydepartfromtheirsleepingspot.Theteam’stheorywasthatthemorningcallsmightbeajackdawversionof“voting”.Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual’scallmightcountasan“I’min!”.Whenacertainamountof“I’min!”sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit.Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws’naturalmorningcalls.Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare“votingwiththeirvoice”todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone.Subsequentexperimentsconfirmedtheirexpectation.Theteamthereforeshowedthatjackdawsusetheircallsasasortofvotingsystem.Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood.Sotheloudcallsofjackdawsinthemorningarethereforenotthepurechaositsoundslike.Ifyouareeverbeingdrivenmadbythesoundinthemorning,youcanfindcomfortinthefactthattheloudertheyget,thesoonertheywillleaveyouinpeace.32.Whataspectofjackdawsconfusedscientists?A.Theirstrongteamspirit. B.Theirpreferencefornoisyhabitats.C.Theircollectivesleepinghabit. D.Theirunusualcallingbehavior.33.Whathappenedtothejackdawswhenartificialcallswereadded?A.Theystoppedcallingtogether. B.Theylefttheirsleepingspotearlier.C.Theybecamenoisierandmoreactive. D.Theychangedtheirsleepinglocation.34.Whatdoesthevotingsystemmeantoindividualjackdaws?A.Asignalofseekingfood. B.Astrategyforbettersurvival.C.Awaytoattractpotentialpartners. D.Amethodofdisplayingsocialskills.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JackdawsareNoiseMakers.B.JackdawsHaveaComplexVotingSystem.C.Jackdaws‘Vote’toMakeaGroupDecision.D.Jackdaws‘Vote’toChooseTheirGroupLeaders.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了寒鴉在離開睡眠地點(diǎn)前會(huì)發(fā)出大量的嘎吱聲，研究人員認(rèn)為這是它們用聲音投票決定離開的方式。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種投票系統(tǒng)對(duì)于寒鴉個(gè)體來(lái)說(shuō)有益，它們能更好地避免危險(xiǎn)和獲取社交信息。因此，寒鴉在早晨的大聲叫喊并不是純粹的混亂，它們的叫聲越大，離開的時(shí)間就越早。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?(盡管白天的聲音很小，但在晚上聚集的時(shí)候，它們的聲音非常大。為什么會(huì)這樣呢？)”可知，讓科學(xué)家們困惑的是它們不尋常的叫聲。故選D。【33題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresearcherssuspectedthateachindividual’scallmightcountasan“I’min!”.Whenacertainamountof“I’min!”sarecalled—andsoacertainvolumeofnoiseisreached-thegroupmightthendepartasaunit.(研究人員懷疑，每只寒鴉的呼叫都可能被視為“我加入!”當(dāng)一定量的“我加入!”當(dāng)噪音達(dá)到一定的音量時(shí)，這群烏鴉就會(huì)作為一個(gè)整體離開。)”以及第三段中“Totestthisidea,theresearchersartificiallyincreasedthelevelofcallsduringthejackdaws’naturalmorningcalls.

(為了驗(yàn)證這一觀點(diǎn)，研究人員人為地增加了寒鴉自然鳴叫時(shí)的叫聲水平)”以及本段中“Theirexpectationwasthat,ifjackdawsreallyare“votingwiththeirvoice”todecidewhentodepartthesleepingsite,artificiallyaddingcallswouldmakethemleaveearlierthantheynaturallywouldhavedone.

(他們的預(yù)期是，如果寒鴉真的“用聲音投票”來(lái)決定何時(shí)離開睡覺(jué)的地方，人為地增加叫聲會(huì)使它們比自然情況下更早離開。)”可知，研究人員人為地增加了寒鴉自然鳴叫時(shí)的叫聲是為了驗(yàn)證之前提出的觀點(diǎn)，即當(dāng)一定量的“我加入!”噪音達(dá)到一定的音量時(shí)，這群烏鴉就會(huì)作為一個(gè)整體離開。故當(dāng)人為地增加了寒鴉自然鳴的叫聲時(shí)，烏鴉比自然情況下更早離開離開了睡覺(jué)的地方。故選B。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Youmightwonderwhythishappens.Theresearcherssuggestthatindividualjackdawsbenefitfromthevotingsystembecausetheyarelessatriskofbeingkilledandtheycangetmoreaccesstosocialinformation—suchaswheretofindfood.(你可能想知道為什么會(huì)這樣。研究人員認(rèn)為，個(gè)別寒鴉從投票系統(tǒng)中受益，因?yàn)樗鼈儽粴⑺赖娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)更小，而且它們可以獲得更多的社會(huì)信息——比如在哪里可以找到食物。)”可知，個(gè)別寒鴉從投票系統(tǒng)中受益，因?yàn)樗鼈儽粴⑺赖娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)更小，即為一個(gè)更好生存的策略。故選B。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Despitebeingfairlylow-volumeduringtheday,theyarereallyloudoneithersideoftheirnight-timeget-togethers.Whymightthisbe?(盡管白天的聲音很小，但在晚上聚集的時(shí)候，它們的聲音非常大。為什么會(huì)這樣呢？)”以及通讀全文，文章回答了寒鴉在晚上聚會(huì)時(shí)為什么會(huì)發(fā)出非常大的聲音即寒鴉在離開睡眠地點(diǎn)前會(huì)發(fā)出大量的嘎吱聲，研究人員認(rèn)為這是它們用聲音投票決定離開的方式。C選項(xiàng)“Jackdaws‘Vote’toMakeaGroupDecision.(寒鴉“投票”做出集體決定。)”概括文章內(nèi)容，符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whendealingwithadepressedfamilymember,itcanbehardtoknowhowyoushouldactandwhatyoucandotohelp.Ifyouwanttogetalongwithyourdepressedfamily,youshouldknowhowtoapproachthem.___36___.Ifyouhavefiguredoutthatonefamilymemberisstrugglingwithdepression,itcanseemlikeyouhavesomethingtodowithit.Butit'snotyourfault.___37___.Tobeavailabletothispersonandhelphim,itisimportanttounderstandthatit'snotpersonal.___38___.Whenyouaretalkingtodepressedfamilymembers,youhavetokeepinmindthattheyaredealingwithanactualphysicalproblem.Itcanbetemptingtoblametheirmentaldisorderondecisionstheyhavemade,butrecognizingthatit'snottheirfaultcanhelpyoubemoresupportive.Youshouldoffersupport.Yoursupportisoneofthemostval